When Thermal Energy is transferred it is called

HEAT

Heat always transfers from higher to lower

In order to have flow there must be a temperature

(thermal energy) difference

Thermal energy is measured as Temperature

• Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object

• The more thermal energy in an object, the higher the temperature

• 3 common scales for measuring temperature are:

Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin

Temperature• There are two common

temperature scales that we encounter in our everyday lives.

• On the Fahrenheit scale, water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees.

• The Celsius scale divides the interval between the freezing and boiling points of water into 100 degrees.

Fahrenheit Scale

• Used mainly in United States• The interval between the boiling

point and the freezing point is divided into 180 equal parts called degrees Fahrenheit (oF)

• You use this scale every time you check the weather on the news, computer, or when driving in your car!

Celsius Scale

• Used in most of the world• Freezing point of water is

set at 0o

• Boiling point of water is set at 100o

• The interval between freezing and boiling is divided into 100 equal parts called degrees Celsius (oC)

Kelvin Scale

• Used in physical science• Units are same as Celsius,

called Kelvins (K), not degrees Kelvin.• Scale is based on a concept known as

“absolute zero” which is defined as the temperature at which all molecular movement stops.

• Absolute zero is -273 oC, so the freezing point of water is 273 K, and the boiling point of water is 373 K

Absolute zero• Absolute zero is -273°C. • The Kelvin temperature scale is

useful in science because it starts at absolute zero.• You cannot have a temperature lower than

absolute zero.– Think of absolute zero as the temperature at which

atoms are “frozen.”

Did you know! To convert from Celsius to Kelvin, you add 273 to the temperature in Celsius.

• Each measurement system measures the movement of particles in a substance but they are using different scales and increments.

Video: Celcius Fahrenhiet and Kelvin (Absolute Zero)