WHEN? For me it was 2001...Bed Bugs Suck!!!! Adult bed bugs ¼inch in length can engorge themselves...

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2011 NEHA AEC

VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures

BED BUGSBED BUGS

COMMUNITY MANAGEMENTCOMMUNITY MANAGEMENT

Cimex lectularius

Marc L. Lame – Clinical Professor

Indiana University, School of Public and Environmental Affairs

WHEN? For me it was 2001

Navajo School Dormitories

Crown Point, NM

While virtually impossible to find in the rest

of the US from 1955-2003, bed bugs persisted on the Navajo Reservation

•During the early 20th century, bed bugs

were rated among the top three pests in

structures.

•Bed bugs all but disappeared in

developed countries, particularly with the

widespread use of DDT

during the 1940s and 1950s.

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2011 NEHA AEC


Where are you sleeping?:•Cincinnati - #4

•Columbus - #7

•Cleveland - #14

•Indianapolis - #12

A small mid-west city…Current

situation:

•Monroe County in second year of the Bed

Bug Epidemic ($100,000 Arbor Glen?)

•IU has documented infestations in MU

(isolated & well managed), ATO frat,

Apartments/ rental homes, Library (bed

bugs found – infestation unconfirmed)

•MCCSC has documented BB infested

student in one school and three schools

report possible similar situations

IU & Municipal buildingsIU & Municipal buildings

schools

dorms

Your house!

County library?

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2011 NEHA AEC


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BED BUG MANAGEMENT IS EVERYONE’S JOB!!!!

BED BUG MANAGEMENT IS EVERYONE’S JOB!!!!

8 Dr. Marc Lame,

Obstacles to Bed Bug control in the USObstacles to Bed Bug control in the US

• Communication with residents

(language barriers, literacy, denial)

• Tenants hiding infestations (costs) and

treating on their own

• Few prevention programs (denial!)

• No pesticide that works 100%

• Pest control companies that are over

their heads….

• Physical conditions of habitat (clutter)

from Dr. Dini Miller, V Tech U

9 Dr. Marc Lame,

Questions hotels, landlords (private and Questions hotels, landlords (private and institutional) must ask re: lawsuits institutional) must ask re: lawsuits • Did you know there was an infestation?

• Should you have known?

• Did you have a prevention plan in place?

Other questions:

• Can a landlord charge tenants for bed

bug control?

• How does an employer treat an

employee with a bed bug infestation?

from Dr. Dini Miller, V Tech U

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2011 NEHA AEC


10 Dr. Marc Lame, Indiana University

What Questions would you want a What Questions would you want a family member to ask hotels, landlords, family member to ask hotels, landlords, ……institutions? What do you answer?institutions? What do you answer?

•Do you have bed bugs?

•Have you had bed bugs?

•What are you doing to protect me

from bed bugs?

Possible answer…Like many ____we

have dealt with bed bugs and we have

plan to deal with them… would you like

to see it?

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Active leadership for implementing Active leadership for implementing community actioncommunity action

• Awareness

• Surveillance

• Ethical response

• “protective” communication

versus

Denial and inaction!

12 Dr. Marc Lame, Indiana University

Requires Community Action!Requires Community Action!Bed Bug IPM plan -creating a communal awareness of:

•how to identify bedbug infestations

•how to prevent these infestations

•how to safely and effectively

address infestations with the

earliest possible intervention.

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2011 NEHA AEC


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WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?

� DonDonDonDon’’’’t attract Pestst attract Pestst attract Pestst attract Pests� Keep them outKeep them outKeep them outKeep them out� Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with the safest, most effective the safest, most effective the safest, most effective the safest, most effective method(smethod(smethod(smethod(s))))

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A SHIFT TO AN IPMA SHIFT TO AN IPMPROGRAMPROGRAM

monitoring, prevention, treatment

(identification, biology, technology)

SAFE

ENVIRONMENT

Cu

lt

ur

a

l

Ex

clu

si

on

Ch

emi

ca

l

EDUCATION:

ENVIRONMENT

S

ch

e

du

le

d

T

re

a

tm

en

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s

Sanitation

Mechanical

= =

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A Shift in Pest ManagementA Shift in Pest Management

monitoring, prevention, treatment

(identification, biology, technology)

BUSINESS

COMMUNITY

Cit

y

I

UPEST MANAGEMENT: ED., Standards, PMPs

COUNTY

COORDINATE:

City/County: facilities, housing, businesses, ...

UniversityIU RPS

IU GROUNDS

IU Athletics

IU Building Services

IU Contractors

School District

Press?

MCCSC

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2011 NEHA AEC


16 Dr. Marc Lame,

Foundation Of IPM Foundation Of IPM –– Education!Education!Start with ID and Biology Start with ID and Biology ……thenthen

• Monitor

• Prevention

• Treatment

Bed Bugs Suck!!!!

Adult bed bugs ¼ inch in length can engorge

themselves in less than 15 minutes to three times their original size.

A bed bug’s saliva

includes an

anesthetic and

an anti-coagulant.

Bed bugs feed on the blood of human

beings – approximately every 7 days.

Birds and mice also.

Feed at night.

Salivary secretions can cause a person’s

skin to itch and become swollen.

Scratching can cause

infected sores.

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2011 NEHA AEC


Attracted

by warmth

and CO2.

Single or

clusters

(disturbed

feeding)

of bites.

Bites can be found anywhere,

especially exposed skin.

Female bedbugs

can lay over 150 eggs.

Each bed bug will

molt five times and

a blood meal is required each time.

Bed bugs can slow

their life process

until a blood meal source is found.

•From egg to adult: 21 days at 86

degrees ……120 days at 65 degrees

•Can live up to 18 months

or longer without blood meal (latest

research says less)

•Adults live about

10 months

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2011 NEHA AEC


22 Dr. Marc Lame,

Monitoring Monitoring –– For What?For What?• “bites”

• bug,

• molts,

• eggs,

• feces,

• blood smears,

• smell

Most bite reactions

occur immediately,

a reaction may take

as long as 14 days

to develop.

Exposed skin

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2011 NEHA AEC


25 Dr. Marc Lame,

Monitoring Monitoring –– For What?For What?• feces,

• blood smears,

• smell

26 Dr. Marc Lame,

Monitoring Monitoring –– For What?For What?• bug,

• molts,

• eggs,

• feces,

•Nocturnal, harbor in clusters

•Hide in daytime in cracks, crevices, etc.

•Travel 5-20

ft. (each way)

nightly to feed

•Can remain

fully active at

<45o F

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2011 NEHA AEC


Bed bugs form aggregations by cueing into fecal matter, and blood.

WHERE?Body – clothes, shoes, etc.

Beds and bedding,

Headboards,

Seams of boxspring skirts

Luggage racks,

Wallpaper,

Window and door casings,

Pictures and artwork on walls,

Edges of carpets,

Where ceilings and walls meet,

Behind light switch covers and outlets,

Appliances and furniture,

Baseboards and carpet stays.

WHERE?

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2011 NEHA AEC


WHERE?

WHERE?

Inspect sleeping areas

around pets, and where

bats or birds have entered structures

Back pack photo from Dr. Stephen A. Kells

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2011 NEHA AEC


•

Bed bugs are “nest parasites” ….YOUR NEST!

•Combine inspection with vacuum cleaning

•Use a brush, flash-light, canister vacuum

with a crevice

attachment

Hi - tech Monitoring

•Monitoring

Climb up ® Insect Interceptors

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2011 NEHA AEC


37 Dr. Marc Lame,

Dogs Dogs -- 3 X AS GOOD AS WE ARE3 X AS GOOD AS WE ARE

Requires:• Communication• Training…every day!• Paying attention to previous treatments (dusts …wait 3 weeks post treatment)

• Accuracy depends on:• Environment – heat, air currents• Distractions – food, people• Health – pain, sleep• Frustration/timing

Hi - tech Monitoring

•monitoring

Do it yourself C02 monitoring stations 200 bed bugs!!!

39 Dr. Marc Lame,

Prevention & Treatment Prevention & Treatment –– detections vs. detections vs. infestations infestations …….schools????.schools????• Sanitation (vacuuming, etc.), ***eggs

are glued to substrate and bugs “cling”

• Hygiene (laundry, furniture steaming,

etc.),

• Cultural proactive practices,

• (maintenance, monitoring, encasing,

sealing, pest proofing, etc.),

• Residual (non-repellent) pesticides,

• Heat / freeze treatments, etc.

• “Whole structure” fumigation.

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2011 NEHA AEC


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Hotel/Dorm bed bug prevention (thanks to Bob Hotel/Dorm bed bug prevention (thanks to Bob Sears)Sears)

• Seal all joints in the headboard

• Monitor “skirts”

• Keep house keeping cart dedicated to the floor

• Empty vacuum bags daily

• Inspect all roll-a-ways

Mechanical

•Exclusion

Mechanical

•Trapping

Climb up ® Insect Interceptors

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2011 NEHA AEC


Chemical Pesticides•Fumigation•Low pressure liquid

•Aerosol•dust

44 Dr. Marc Lame,

Current treatment with insecticides Current treatment with insecticides (Miller, 2010)(Miller, 2010)• Multiple application of spray formulation insecticides and dusts

• Crack and crevice applications• Mostly pyrethroid class insecticides

BUT….• Resistance to pyrethroids is very high• Not all populations are equally resistant• Direct spray is more effective than exposure to dry deposits

• Dusts are superior but cannot be placed in all locations

• We are missing a residual product

45 Dr. Marc Lame,

HeatHeat

• steam

• Convection

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2011 NEHA AEC


46

Dr. Marc Lame,

Indiana University

Think!Think!

47 Dr. Marc Lame,

MonitoringMonitoring

Non- chemical Pesticides -Diatomaceous Earth – with pheromones???

Is this the future?•Safe•Effective•No resistance

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2011 NEHA AEC


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RECOMMENDATIONS: RECOMMENDATIONS: againagain……Active COMMUNITY Active COMMUNITY leadership for implementing actionleadership for implementing action

• Awareness

• Surveillance

• Ethical response

• “protective” communication

…..ETHICAL & COST EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE?

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COORDINATION & COOPERATION IN TERMS OF COORDINATION & COOPERATION IN TERMS OF STANDARDS, TRAINING & ACCOUNTABILITY:STANDARDS, TRAINING & ACCOUNTABILITY:

• Uniform standards for pests and pesticides (real pests vs. perceived pests & appropriate pesticides)

• Uniform standards for professional qualifications regarding those that manage pests

• Shared in-service training for public/university/school employees related to Pest Management

• Uniform procurement standards for PMP contractors

• Adherence to NEHA inspection standards for Env. Health employees

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Institutional mindsets (thanks to Bob Sears)Institutional mindsets (thanks to Bob Sears)

• Written plan for bed bug prevention and control

• Documented training for employees (in English and Spanish)

• Good communication protocol

• Prevent employees transferring bed bugs from home

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2011 NEHA AEC


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THE ENDTHE END

WHEN? For me it was 2001...Bed Bugs Suck!!!! Adult bed bugs ¼inch in length can engorge themselves...

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Transcript of WHEN? For me it was 2001...Bed Bugs Suck!!!! Adult bed bugs ¼inch in length can engorge themselves...