CHAPTER 20The Atlantic World

1492 – 1800

Section 1:Spain Builds an American Empire

The Voyage of Columbus

___________sailed to America in 1492 for Spain

Called natives Indians

Spain created ___________

DO NOT COPY

“It would be unnecessary to build a fort here because the people are so simple in deeds of arms. If your highness order either to bring all of them to Castile (Spain) or to hold them as captives (slaves) on their own island it could easily be done, because with about 50 men you could control and subjugate them all, making them do whatever you want.”

-Christopher Columbus

1500, Portuguese claimed ___________

1501, ______________________explored Eastern coast of South America Named America after himself

______________________sailed around the world

Spanish Conquests in Mexico

______________________was a Spanish Conquistador

Seeking great riches Gold and Silver

1519, Cortes defeated the powerful ______________________

Spanish Conquests in Peru

1534, Spanish ______________________________conquered Incan Empire Defeated ______________________

Spain had an Empire from Mexico to Peru

Spanish men married native women Had ___________ children

Spanish formed large farms and used natives as slave labor

1830’s Portuguese built large farms called ______________________ Grew sugar

Opposition to Spanish Rule

Spain’s power expanded

Spanish ___________ began to protest the harsh treatment of the Natives Bartolome de Las

Casas

Natives also ___________

CHAPTER 20The Atlantic World

1492 – 1800

Section 2:European Nations Settle North

America

Competing Claims in North America

1500s, French explored ___________ Explored and

claimed large amounts of land

French not interested in ___________ Wanted to:

English Arrive in North America

First permanent English settlement: ______________________ Many settlers died (70%) from:

Improved with Tobacco

1620, group of Pilgrims founded second English Colony: ______________________

Very religious - ___________

Dutch started a new colony called ______________________ Known today as

______________________

The Struggle for North America

Europeans fought for North American land English defeated

Dutch renamed

colony New York

`

1754, _________________________________– Britain and France fought over North America French Forced to ___________North

American land

Native Americans Respond

Many natives joined in fur trade

Many conflict over land

Natives suffered more from ______________________

CHAPTER 20The Atlantic World

1492 – 1800

Section 3:The Atlantic Slave Trade

Causes of African Slavery

European ___________ began in 1500s Slaves treated

harshly

Natives worked farms and mines

Europeans brought slaves from ___________ 1500-1870 9.5 million Africans had been

imported as slaves.

______________________:Buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas Started by Spanish

Increased by Portuguese

Slavery Spreads Throughout the

Americas European colonies also brought slaves to

work:

Many ___________________ joined in the slave trade. Captured people, brought them to the coast to

sell to European traders.

A Forced Journey

______________________- European trade between the Americas, Africa, and Europe involving slaves and other goods

European ships brought goods to ___________, traded them for people.

________ taken across the Atlantic to the ___________ Sold into slavery

The traders then bought sugar, coffee, and tobacco to bring back to Europe.

______________________Voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies and the Americas

20 percent of slaves died

Very cruel

40-150 days

Slavery in the Americas

Slaves were ______________________

Worked from dawn until after dusk

Lived in small huts Little food or clothing

African labor helped build the Americas brought skills and culture Many of the nations of the Americas have

mixed race populations.

CHAPTER 20The Atlantic World

1492 – 1800

Section 4: The Columbian Exchange and Global Trade

The Columbian Exchange

Constant movement of people and products between ____________________________________________

______________________Global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas

Global Trade

______________________= Economic Revolution ______________________Based on private

ownership of property and the right of a business to earn a profit on money it has invested.

_________________________________ many investors pool their money to start a business and share in the profits.

The Growth of Mercantilism

______________________ - a country’s power depended on its wealth. More gold and silver = More wealth.

_________________________________: Selling more than it bought

Colonies were important because they provided sellable goods