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What's Wrong With Africa, and What’s the Fix? February 2011
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Transcript of What's Wrong With Africa, and What’s the Fix? February 2011
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What's Wrong With Africa, and What’s the Fix?February 2011
DRAFT
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• Introductory Thoughts: Africa is the continent bad news comes from; the land of the “Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse,” yet it is blessed with abundant resources and talented people and should have a future much brighter than its past.
• US leadership and policy can be one of the determining factors.
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Africa: Historical Problems• Colonialism: artificial borders; mono-
economies; extractive infrastructure; bad governance examples
• African Poor Governance
• Long-Standing USG policy toward Africa:– Limit Soviet influence (1960s-1990)– Post 1990:
>Reduce conflicts;
>Integrate Africa into Global System, i.e. more democratic and prosperous through better governance, freer markets, improved basic human needs
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The Grim Picture• 1.3 million deaths annually due to HIV/AIDS.
• 801,000 from malaria in Africa (global 881,000)
• 2 million estimated deaths due to tuberculosis in Africa
• 60% of Africans have access to clean water
• 80% of Africans live on less than $2 a day.
Former UN Secretary- General Kofi said the number of people in the world living on less than $2 a day has not changed in ten years, while the number in African has doubled over the past 25 years.
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Select AF Countries’ Economies as US States
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Current Approach to Development Aid
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Africa: Current Policy Position• Current Administration’s policy on Africa:
– Strengthen democracies and economies
– Help resolve conflicts
– Cooperate on transnational issues
• Current policy flaws/successes:– HIV/AIDS support (praised)
– Sudan “soft landing” (TBD)
– Failure to resolve conflicts (flawed or uncertain)
– Good US intentions but uneven implementation
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Africa – Recommended Policy Changes– Stronger and more consistent US leadership
in engaging international community in responding to African conflicts, crises, and underdevelopment.
– USG needs unified and coordinated approach towards Africa, and with NGO and business community.
– Engage with Africans as genuine partners; require more of Africans; and do more with AF regional organizations.
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Ghanaian Proverb: “Even the longest night is followed
by a sunrise”