What’s New In PHP7Petra Novandi Barus

Chief Technology OfficerUrbanIndo.com

Contact Me!email: petra.barus@gmail.com twitter: @petrabarustelegram: petrabarusgithub: petrabarus

Deep insight Laravel, Magento, dan PHP720th February 2016

D.Lab, Jakarta

Who Am I?

- Chief Technology Officer, UrbanIndo.com- Master of Informatics Engineering ITB- Have been using PHP since 2003- Writes Yii2 libraries - Interests: Distributed systems, High

performance computing, Programming- Hobby: Sleeping, reading books

I really love reading about technologies and share the articles on my Twitter!

Follow my reading list at @petrabarus Let’s learn stuffs together!

What Am I Going To Talk About?

What’s New In PHP7?

What’s New In PHP7 (Internally)?What makes PHP7 much faster and

what can I learn from that?

How do the new PHP7 helps me to code?

So, what’s new in PHP7?

1. Scalar Type Hints

1. Scalar Type Hints Reasons

Type safety Detect bugs before run time Static analysis More robust code

Weak versus Strong Weak: coercive, will cast on different type Strong: strict, will throw TypeError.

2. Return Type Declaration

Similar reason with Type Hinting

3. Combined Comparison Operator (spaceship)

PHP 5PHP 7

3. Combined Comparison Operator (spaceship)

PHP 5

PHP 7

4. Null Coalesce Operator (??)

5. Anonymous Class Creates an object of a class without defining the class. Pass the value of outer class / object using the

constructor.

5. Anonymous Class

5. Anonymous Class

PHP 5

PHP 7

5. Anonymous Class

5. Anonymous Class Usage

Creating a very simple class, one time use. Quickly override one or few methods Implements a specific usage of an interface without defining new class (logger, event observer).

Mocking a class on the fly for testing purposes.

6. PerformanceAccording to HHVM…..

6. PerformanceAccording to Zend…..

What makes PHP 7 faster than PHP 5?

Reference:http://www.slideshare.net/nikita_ppv/php-7-what-changed-internally-php-barcelona-2015http://www.slideshare.net/nikita_ppv/php-7-what-changed-internally http://www.slideshare.net/jpauli/php-7-performances-from-php-5

CPU Cache & Memory Architecture

Size LatencyL1 Cache 32kB 1nsL2 Cache 256kB 4nsL3 Cache 4000kB 12nsMemory 2000+MB 100ns

A bit intro to low level optimization by utilizing CPU cache and memory architecture

CPU Cache & Memory Architecture

Much faster because using CPU cache

Consider these C codes

CPU Cache & Memory Architecture

Reference:https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/how-to-use-loop-blocking-to-optimize-memory-use-on-32-bit-intel-architecture

Memory Optimization Reduce the number of allocations

PHP5 spends 20% of CPU time in allocator

Memory

Memory Optimization Reduce Memory Usage

Memory access has high latency Less data => more fits to cache

Memory Optimization Reduce Indirection

Remove the number of pointers use

Zval Zval is how PHP stores the variables (boolean, integer,

string, array). Zval is short of Zend Value. In PHP 7, Zval is optimized.

Less allocation Less indirection Less memory usage

Zval

PHP 5 PHP 7

ZvalPHP5- Zvals always

require heap allocation

- Zvals always reference counted and have cycle collection

PHP7- Zvals are no longer

heap-allocated and no ref count.

- Ref count in the complex value

- No double refcount. - Complex type can be

shared

ZVal PHP5

ZValPHP7

More Data Structure Optimization HashTable (array)

4 pointer indirections & 100~ byte memory to 2 pointer indirections & 32 byte memory.

String management Refcounted

AST PHP 7 introduces Abstract Syntax Tree Instead of single pass parse-compile, PHP7 will do

syntax analysis and then parse

ASTPHP5

PHP7

AST

PHP5

AST

PHP7

2. AST Well designed and well maintain Better syntax checking and consistency Slower to run but produce much better runtime

opcode Use opcode cache for this

Breaks backward compatibility

Reference http://

www.slideshare.net/colinodell/php-7-crash-course-phpworld-2015

http://www.slideshare.net/nikita_ppv/php-7-what-changed-internally-php-barcelona-2015

http://www.slideshare.net/nikita_ppv/php-7-what-changed-internally

https://nikic.github.io/2015/05/05/Internal-value-representation-in-PHP-7-part-1.html

Conclusion PHP7 is way better than PHP5

Much faster Use less memory Produce robust code (Check your backward compatibility due to AST change)

You should use PHP7!

Questions?