What’s in your urine?

Urinalysis Lab

Case #1 Jeff Jones

Age: 19 years Symptoms: polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia

and unexplained weight loss

Case #2 Mr. Thompson

Age: 60 years Symptoms: unusually tired for past several

weeks, occasional dizziness, difficulty sleeping

Physical symptoms: swollen ankles, feet, and puffy face, burning pain in lower back, dark urine color

Vitals: BP = 150/90

Case #3 Ms. Smith

Age: 27 years Symptoms: dysuria, frequent and urgent

urination, milky coloration to urine Vitals: body temp = 105 degrees F

Urine Composition

Urine composition varies from time to time and reflects the amounts of water and solutes that the kidneys eliminate to maintain homeostasis.

Normal urine is 95% water, and also contains urea, uric acid, a trace of amino acids, and electrolytes.

Urine Elimination

After forming in the nephrons, urine passes from the collecting ducts to the renal papillae, then to the minor and major calyces, and out the renal pelvis to the ureters, urinary bladder, and finally to the urethra, which conveys urine to the outside

Abnormal Urine

Urine samples can provide clinical insight into the health of the urogenital tract

Evaluation of the following physical and chemical characteristics; Color Odor pH Microscopic analysis Albumin, glucose and ketones Phenylketonuria

PKU

Phenylalanine =

essential amino acid

Tyrosine =

nonessential amino acid