WhatIsPlanetaryHealthandWhyNow? · 2017-05-23 · medicine) internationa l)health) global) health)...

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What Is Planetary Health and Why Now? Howard Frumkin, M.D., Dr.P.H. Department of Environmental and Occupa<onal Health Sciences School of Public Health University of Washington Planetary Health/ GeoHealth Conference Boston 29 April 2017

Transcript of WhatIsPlanetaryHealthandWhyNow? · 2017-05-23 · medicine) internationa l)health) global) health)...

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What  Is  Planetary  Health  and  Why  Now?

Howard  Frumkin,  M.D.,  Dr.P.H.  Department  of  Environmental  and  Occupa<onal  Health  Sciences  

School  of  Public  Health  University  of  Washington  

Planetary  Health/  GeoHealth  Conference  Boston  

29  April  2017  

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Thanks  to  Gary  Cohen,  Mike  Depledge,  Andy  Haines,  Saskia  Heijnen,  Sam  Myers,  Steve  Osofsky,  and  Taylor  RickeRs  for  very  helpful  input.  

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Steffen  et  al.  2011.  The  Anthropocene:  From  global  change  to  planetary  stewardship.  Ambio  40:739-­‐761.    Images  from  Interna<onal  Geosphere-­‐Biosphere  Program  www.igbp.net  

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Steffen  et  al.  2015.  Planetary  boundaries:  Guiding  human  development  on  a  changing  planet.  Science  347:1259855.  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

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What  is  Planetary  Health?  

“Put  simply,  planetary  health  is  the  health  of  human  civiliza<on  and  the  state  of  the  natural  systems  on  which  it  depends."  

Whitmee, Haines, et al Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller Foundation-Lancet Commission on Planetary Health. Lancet 2015; 386: 1973–2028

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What  is  Planetary  Health?  

Planetary  Health  is  the  systema<c  applica<on  to  human  health,  from  global  to  local  scales,  of  the  Four  Laws  of  Ecology:  1.  Everything  is  connected  to  everything  else.  2.  Everything  must  go  somewhere.    3.  Nature  knows  best.  4.  There  is  no  such  thing  as  a  free  lunch.    

Barry  Commoner,  The  Closing  Circle,  1971  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

The  hunt  for  ancestry  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

CLIMATE  CHANGE  AND  

HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

EARTH  SCIENCES  

CLIMATE  CHANGE  AND  

HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

SYSTEMS  THEORY  

ECOLOGY  

EARTH  SCIENCES  

CLIMATE  CHANGE  AND  

HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

SYSTEMS  THEORY  

ECOLOGY  

EARTH  SCIENCES  

CLIMATE  CHANGE  AND  

HEALTH  

ECOSYSTEM  SERVICES  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

SYSTEMS  THEORY  

ECOLOGY  

EARTH  SCIENCES  

PREVENTIVE  MEDICINE  

SOCIAL  MEDICINE  

CLIMATE  CHANGE  AND  

HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

SYSTEMS  THEORY  

ECOLOGY  

EARTH  SCIENCES  

“UPSTREAMISM”  

PREVENTIVE  MEDICINE  

SOCIAL  MEDICINE  

CLIMATE  CHANGE  AND  

HEALTH  

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PLANETARY  HEALTH  

GEOHEALTH  

TROPICAL  MEDICINE  

INTERNATIONAL  HEALTH  

GLOBAL  HEALTH  

ONE  HEALTH  

ECOHEALTH  

CONSERVATION  MEDICINE  

SYSTEMS  THEORY  

ECOLOGY  

EARTH  SCIENCES   ETHICS  

“UPSTREAMISM”  

PREVENTIVE  MEDICINE  

SOCIAL  MEDICINE  

CLIMATE  CHANGE  AND  

HEALTH  

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Planetary  health  is…  

1.    A  field  2.    A  scien<fic  paradigm  3.    A  policy  framework  4.    A  communica<on  strategy    5.    A  moral  impera<ve  

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Planetary  health:  A  field  •  A  field  is  a  set  of  ins<tu<onal  arrangements  

•  Journals,  mee<ngs,  professional  associa<ons,  jargon  

•  Observa<ons:  •  This  field  func<ons  through  other  fields  (agriculture,  urban  planning,  etc.)  •  This  field  has  a  high  level  of  conviviality  •  This  field  is  young  and  remains  fragmented    

•  Ques<ons:  •  Do  we  need  to  consolidate?  •  Do  we  need  a  consensus  statement  of  iden<ty  and  direc<on  in  the  field?  A  textbook?  

•  How  to  structure  mee<ngs?      •  How  to  cul<vate  funds  for  research  and  training?  •  How  to  define  and  facilitate  career  pathways?  

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Planetary  health:  A  scien<fic  paradigm  •  “Nothing  in  biology  makes  sense  except  in  the  light  of  evolu<on.”  (Dobzhansky)  

•  A  Planetary  Health  version:  “Nothing  in  human  health,  well-­‐being,  thriving,  or  survival  makes  sense  except  in  the  light  of  Planetary  Health.”    

•  Features:  Systems  thinking,  complexity,  surprises  and  uncertainty,  ecological  principles,  probabilis<c  thinking,  mul<ple  temporal  and  spa<al  scales,  deep  cross-­‐disciplinarity,.  

•  Observa<on:  •  Universi<es  not  well  structured  to  tackle  such  problems  

•  Ques<ons:  •  Do  we  need  more  systema<c  reviews?  A  Cochrane-­‐like  process?  •  Do  we  need  a  research  agenda?  

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Planetary  health:  A  policy  framework  •  Scien<fic  input  into  policy  must  be…  

•  Anchored  in  the  needs  of  decision-­‐makers  •  Anchored  in  the  perspec<ves  of  people  and  communi<es  

• Observa<ons:  •  Highest  impact  when  applied  to  specific  challenges:  hunger,  transporta<on,  energy  genera<on,  air  pollu<on,  etc.  

•  Approaches  will  differ  based  on  spa<al  scale,  short-­‐term  vs  long-­‐term,  North  vs  South  

• Ques<on:  •  Should  we  be  dis<lling  data  into  informa<on  (indicators)?  

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Planetary  health:  A  communica<on  strategy  •  Planetary  health:    A  way  to  frame  and  communicate  reality  in  the  Anthropocene.  

•  Observa<ons:  •  “Planetary  Health”  is  a  wonky  term.  

•  Complexity  confuses  and  numbers  numb.    But  stories  s<ck  and  pictures  persist.  

•  Ques<ons:  •  Who  are  the  audiences?  •  What  are  our  key  (scien<fic  and  values)  messages?  •  What  are  the  most  compelling  personal  journeys,  success  stories  and  inspiring  anecdotes?  

•  Should  speaker  training  be  a  part  of  the  agenda?  

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Planetary  health:  A  moral  impera<ve  •  Star<ng  points:  

•  Equity  •  Bioethics  principles:  Autonomy,  jus<ce,  beneficence,  non-­‐maleficence  

•  An  ethics  for  the  Anthropocene?  •  “Human  prosperity  in  a  flourishing  web  of  life”1  

•  Human  civiliza<on    is  a  precious  and  beau<ful  thing,  and  when  it  is  threatened,  we  are  called  to  rescue  it.  

•  Observa<on:  •  The  language  of  passion  and  moral  convic<on  is  a  far  cry  from  the  measured,  careful  discourse  of  scien<fic  mee<ngs  

•  Ques<ons:  •  How  do  we  give  ourselves  permission,  and  learn,  to  engage  in  moral  discourse?  •  How  do  we  build  alliances  with  faith  communi<es?  

1.    Raworth  K.  2017.  Doughnut  Economics:  Seven  Ways  to  Think  Like  a  21st-­‐Century  Economist.  London:  Random  House,  p  55.  

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Steffen  et  al.  2015.  Planetary  boundaries:  Guiding  human  development  on  a  changing  planet.  Science  347:1259855.  

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Steffen  et  al.  2015.  Planetary  boundaries:  Guiding  human  development  on  a  changing  planet.  Science  347:1259855.  

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Planetary  health  is…  

1.    A  field  2.    A  scien<fic  paradigm  3.    A  policy  framework  4.    A  communica<on  strategy    5.    A  moral  impera<ve  

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Thank  you!  


One Health, EcoHealth and agriculture associated …One Health, EcoHealth and agriculture associated diseases— Report of a regional dialogue, New Delhi, India, 25 November 2013 eloping

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