What You Need to Know & Why Observing Your Product/Service ...
Transcript of What You Need to Know & Why Observing Your Product/Service ...
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Federally Recognized Alaskan Tribal 8(a) Version 0, 09/27/2019
Observing Your Product/Service Flow: What You Need to Know & Why
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Overview
What is Flow?
Lean Principles
Types of Waste
How to See Your Product/Service (Mapping the Value Stream)
Flow Exercise
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• Flow is the smooth, uninterrupted movement of materials/services along the value stream
• Flow allows understanding of capacity and process wastes
What is Flow?
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• No Flow = Bottlenecked system = Waste along Value Stream• Little to No predictability of output
• Goal of Flow is to improve flow of materials/services• This requires identification and removal of Waste
What is Flow?
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• Single Piece Flow is the smooth and uninterrupted movement of materials/services one piece at a time along the value stream
• Produce only to customer demand• Pros/Cons
• Batch Processing: movement of product in “batches” along the value stream
• Pros/Cons
What is Flow?
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• Define Value• Map the Value Stream• Flow• Pull• Perfection
Lean Principles
LEAN
Perfe
ctio
n
Value
PullFlow
Value Stream
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Value
Value
• Define value from the customer’s perspective
• Express value in terms of
a specific service or product
Value
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Value Stream
Value StreamValue Stream
• Map all the steps in the end to end process that provides a service or brings a product to the customer
• Identify which steps are value-added or non-value-added (waste)
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Flow
Flow
Flow
• The smooth, uninterrupted, movement of services/products along the value stream
• Good Flow= steady and predictable movement
• Bad Flow= work starts and stops
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Pull
Pull
• Nothing is done by the upstream process until the downstream customer signals the need
• Actual demand pulls the service/product through the value stream
Pull
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Perfection
Perfe
ctio
n
Perfection
• The complete elimination of waste
• All activities create value for the customer by continuous improvement
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Types of Waste
DEFECTSAnything that results in product or service not
fit for use
WAITING Any time between processes steps where work stops
INVENTORYExcess of product or service to demand
requirement
TRANSPORTATIONUnnecessary movement of
product/material
MOTION Unnecessary
movement of people or equipment
OVER PRODUCTION Producing above
requirement
OVER PROCESSING Doing more work to product or service
above requirements
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DEFECTS WAITING INVENTORY TRANSPORTATION
MOTION OVER PRODUCTION
OVER PROCESSING
Types of Waste
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• Value Stream Mapping (VSM)• Universal language to see value flow
• See relationships between material and information
• Used to analyze, design, and manage flow of material and information
• Makes waste visible
• Caution: The VSM is a snapshot in time
Seeing your Product/Service: Mapping the Value Stream
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• Takt time is the rate of production required to meet customer demand
• Production in a Service environment?
• Takt Time calculation= Available Time/Demand
Takt Time
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Mapping Symbology
PROVIDER I
Process
C/T
C/O
# Shifts
Rework
Pull ArrowFlow Arrow
Process
Operator Information Electronic Information
Business Unit
Inventory Transportation/Shipment
Supplier/Customer
Push Arrow
Business Dept.
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Value Stream Map Example
Public Patients
Check-in
c/t = 5m
c/o = 1 m
1 shifts
Rework = 0%
Vitals
c/t = 12m
c/o = 4 m
1 shifts
Rework=10%
Exam
c/t = 20m
c/o = 5 m
1 shifts
Rework = 0%
1 1 2
Appt. Scheduling Appt. Needs
Daily Schedule
Daily Schedule
Daily Schedule
Production Lead Time = 192 Min.
Processing Time = 37 Min.Value Added Ratio = 19.3%
100 min 45 min 5 min
20 min12 min
5 min
5 min
I I6 patients12 patients6 patients
2 mins ea. 1 operators
10 mins ea.
1 operator
10 mins ea.2 operator
Push System
ChangeOver
Wait Time
Inventory
I
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• Demonstration: how Work in Process (inventory) restricts flow
• Class participation
• Instructions provided prior to beginning
• Q&A session to follow
Exercise
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Questions?