What will it take to “do” ULD...
Transcript of What will it take to “do” ULD...
BOB ROGERS
VICE PRESIDENT ULD CARE
What will it take to “do” ULD properly
The very beginning…
Original Lockheed photo, courtesy of
Martin Bleasdale/freighterdata.aero
collection
Evolution of Cargo loading
Evolution of aircraft
Evolution of aircraft holds
What do we mean by safety? The placing and securing of air cargo in the aircraft in a defined manner that protects the aircraft and its systems during flight
Which requires.. • Understanding “What
the aircraft expects”
• Complying with the aircraft Weight and Balance Manual
• Recognizing that the aircraft has limitations
What can possibly go
wrong?
You can’t manage it unless you can measure it
Fine Air Flt 101 National Flt 102
Locks Not Raised Nets Not Secure Incorrect Loading Position Incorrect Weights of Cargo / baggage ULDs badly built Load sheet errors
Accidents … 2
Serious Incidents… ~ 1 per week Aircraft Tip Aircraft Tail Scrape Load shifts Significant Loadsheet Error
Daily Operations… ~ 16 per day*
Data from IATA STEADES Database
So what goes wrong? A random data sample of 1088 reports
was broken down into 3 categories of aircraft loading issues:
Unsecured Loads: The loads were not secured due to OPS handling, procedures not followed, or faulty equipment.
Load Sheet: Errors in the load sheet for departure due to load sheet preparation procedures not being followed.
Weight / Balance: Undesired change in weight / balance due to documentation errors.
Data from IATA STEADES Database
What’s moving?
Data from IATA STEADES Database
When are the issues being
identified?
Found: Errors identified and rectified before the aircraft is pushed back.
Escapes: Errors that are found after pushback, mainly on arrival by unloading staff.
Data from IATA STEADES Database
Why…
Data from IATA STEADES Database
Data from
the IATA
Ground
Damage
Database
( GDDB)
Data from IATA GDDB Database
ULD ranked #2
Data from IATA GDDB Database
What do the regulators say?
• Fine Air Accident Investigation Report
• 21.The loaders who loaded the accident airplane were not aware of the
potentially catastrophic consequences of misloading the airplane and
failing to properly secure cargo, and this contributed to the accident.
• 22.Formal training is necessary to ensure that cargo handling personnel
receive standardized instruction on safety-critical aspects of the loading
process.
FAA actions.. • AC 120-85, detailed
guidance into cargo operations
• Applies to US carriers and all carriers landing in the US
• Cargo Focus team
• Increasing oversight of cargo operations.
• National Air Cargo
– A repeat of Fine Air
– Tribal knowledge being used instead of following the WBM
– A significant number of common practices are not stated in the WBM
• Boeing supplemental procedures to Weight and Balance Control and Loading Manual
• 44 pages long, 5 specific processes, being continuously updated
FAA SAFO’s • Subject: Non-compliance with a Manufacturer’s Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA)-approved Aircraft Weight and Balance Manual (WBM)
• Purpose: This SAFO serves to warn Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) Part 121 Air Carriers of safety concerns and operational compliance issues regarding Weight and Balance Programs
• In some isolated cases, air carriers have developed procedures for
aircraft loading that exceeds the structural design capability of the
aircraft. Exceeding this capability can lead to catastrophic failure of
the aircraft.
• Subject: Cargo Retention Methods Using Pallets Straps
• Purpose: This SAFO serves to warn operators that strapping cargo to a pallet to restrain cargo must be done in accordance with configurations explicitly permitted by the design approval holder’s Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)-approved Weight and Balance Manual (WBM) or WBM supplement
Are you doing ULD properly ? • Staff formally trained in ULD safety
and operations?
• Facilities and equipment?
• Supervision?
• Management support?
What does it take to “do” ULD
properly • Do’s
– Trained staff
– Adequate
infrastructure
– SOP’s for ULD
– Taking responsibility
• Don'ts
– It’s only a “box”
attitude
– It doesn't matter how
we do it as long as we
get if on the plane on
time
• High staff turnover
• Inadequate and unsupportive airport infrastructure
• Airlines responsible for flight safety but lack the ability to exert meaningful control
• Uneven regulatory environment
• Focus on cost not on safety
Pain points…
Start here…
IATA ULD Regulations • Step by step
processes
• A complete
standard for all
ULD operations
and handling
IATA CHM • Step by step processes
• Developed by the IATA
Cargo Handling
Council, equal
representation of
airlines and handlers
IATA ULD Safety Campaign • Its not just a
box..
ULD Explained by ULD CARE
Amended SGHA • ARTICLE 5. STANDARD OF WORK • 5.2 In the case of absence of instructions by the Carrier,
the Handling Company shall follow its own standard
practices and procedures provided they comply with the
applicable IATA industry developed standards including
but not limited to: ….
• … ULD Regulations (ULDR), CSC RP 1681
Why is all this important.. • Air cargo is growing in both size and
complexity…safety cannot be neglected
• Changing demands for air cargo places
additional demands on ULD operations..
• Two major accidents have highlighted the
safety risks associated with air cargo
Temperature Controlled
Containers
FCC and FRC
Collapsible Containers
What will it take to “do” ULD
properly? • Establish more procedures?
• Implement more audits?
• Treat the damage and near misses as “cost/risk of doing business”?
• Pay more for greater safety?
• Use less outsourcing?
Safe for flight?
Suitable conditions for a piece of aircraft equipment?
Does he understand the safety aspect of his job?
Thank You