What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

12
What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Transcript of What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Page 1: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4

marks]

Page 2: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4

marks]A = AV closes

B = Semi-lunar opens

C = Semi-lunar closes

D = AV opens

Page 3: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Describe the structure of the heart. [10 marks]

Page 4: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Describe the structure of the heart. [10 marks]

• The heart is 4 cambered• 2 atriums (at the top) • 2 ventricles (at the base)

• The heart pumps blood around the heart. • Blood flows in the atrium and is pumped to the ventricle. • The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs. • The left side of the heart pumps the rest of the body.• The right side is thinner walled as it only pumps a short

distance to the lungs. • The left side is thicker walled to create a greater

pressure to pump blood around the body.• The inside of the heart is smooth to create less

resistance to flow.

Page 5: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

How does the brain cause an increase in heart rate? [7 marks]

Page 6: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

How does the brain cause an increase in heart rate? [7 marks]

• The cardio-vascular centre (medulla) monitor monitors the blood.

• The medulla monitors the oxygen level, when it decreases, it starts the process of increasing the heart rate to get more oxygen pumping. • The accelerator centre is stimulated.

• Impulses move down the SYMPATHETIC nerve• To the SAN

• The SAN increase rate of pumping• AND the strength of pumping

Page 7: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Describe how the circulatory system is involved in the respiration process.

[10 marks]

Page 8: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Describe how the circulatory system is involved in the respiration process. [10 marks]

• Blood is the transport medium• Blood carries oxygen and glucose• The heart pumps the blood• Air moves into the lungs• Oxygen diffuses in• Through the alveoli

• Red blood cells pick up the oxygen• The oxygen attaches to the haemoglobin• The oxygen is carried to respiring cells

• Carbon dioxide is released and carried back to the lungs and is removed.

Page 9: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Why does blood pressure decrease with increasing distance from heart? [2

marks]

Page 10: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Why does blood pressure decrease with increasing distance from heart? [2

marks]

• Resistance to flow less• Increased space for blood flow

Page 11: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Why does the blood pressure vary in the arterioles? [2 marks]

Page 12: What valves are opening and closing at each point mark with a letter? [4 marks]

Why does the blood pressure vary in the arterioles? [2 marks]

• Contraction and relaxation of the ventricle

• Systole (contraction – high BP) and diastole (relaxation – low BP)


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