What is Science?. Essential Questions What is science? What methods do scientists use? What are...
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What is Science?
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Essential Questions
What is science? What methods do scientists use? What are the branches of Earth
science?
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Science is…
A way of learning about the natural world and the knowledge gained through that process.
Science comes from a Latin word that means “knowing”.
Scientific inquiry is the diverse ways in which scientists explore problems and seek to answer questions about the natural world.
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Thinking Like a Scientist
Observation involves using sight, hearing, smell, and sometimes taste to gather information.
Inference is an interpretation based on your observation and prior knowledge.
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Scientific Methods Scientific methods generally include
posing questions, research, developing and testing hypotheses, and drawing conclusions. Scientists often test hypotheses by conducting controlled experiments.
Posing questions – Which brand of popcorn will have the fewest kernals?
Research – internet, encyclopedias, etc.
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Developing Hypotheses A hypothesis is a possible
explanation for observations that relate to a scientific question.
Tested by observation or experiment. Educated guess - Use “if” and “then” If five bags of each brand of popcorn
is cooked, then Orville Redenbacher's popcorn will have the fewest kernels.
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Designing a Controlled Experiment
Controlled Experiment – how one particular variable affects the outcome of the experiment.
Variable is one of the factors that can change in an experiment.
Microwave 3 brands of popcorn. This will be done with 4 bags each brand.
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Testing Hypotheses
“Experimenting” at least 3 times or 14 days.
Earth processes are often observed for millions of years!
“Forever Young” – journals were kept on how Mel Gibson stayed young.
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Collecting and Interpreting Data
Data – facts, figures, and other evidence gained through observation
CSI – crime data Measurements Analyze the data to see if it supports
their hypothesis.
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Measuring
Enables scientists to record what they observe in a way that others can understand easily.
Scientist use a worldwide system International System of Units – SI
units Use metrics – cm, m, mg, liters
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Drawing Conclusions
Do not use crayons or markers Making a conclusion based on the
data from your experiment. Relate to the hypotheses….. My hypothesis was incorrect. Wal-
Mart brand had the fewest kernels and tasted the best.
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Models & Simulations
A simulation is a model that imitates something in the real world.
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Scientific Theories
A well-tested scientific concept that explains a wide range of observations.
When theory tests fail, scientist change the theory or abandon it.
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Laboratory Safety
Symbols alert you to needed precautions, such as wearing goggles to protect your eyes.
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Technology and the Internet in Earth Science
Two ways that technology helps scientists Collect data Helps them to communicate their
discoveries to other scientists and to the public.
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Branches of Earth Science
Earth science – knowledge about Earth and its place in the universe. Geology Oceanography Meteorology Astronomy
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Branches Geology – study of the solid Earth. Oceanography – study of Earth’s
oceans. Meteorology – study of Earth’s
atmosphere. Astronomy – study of the universe
beyond Earth. Environmental scientists – study the
environment and it’s resources.
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Websites
http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/career/index.html
http://geology.com/ http://www.chevron.com/about/career
s/career_options/earth_science/ http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_s
cience_earth/page_build.cfm?content=careers&state=none#item
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Websites http://earthsci.org/ http://yahooligans.yahoo.com/Science
_and_Nature/Careers/ http://www.khake.com/page86.html http://www.earthguide.ucsd.edu/ http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstud
ents/9-12/career/index.html http://www.earth.uni.edu/academics.h
tml
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Earth Science Websites http://image.gsfc.nasa.gov/poetry/ask
/askmag.html http://www.kaibab.org/geology/gc_ge
ol.htm http://nasajobs.nasa.gov/astronauts/ http://www.spaceforspecies.ca/space_
tech/careers_space_science.htm http://www.careersmarts.com/science
.htm
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Earth Science Websites http://www.eos.ubc.ca/public/careers/i
ndex.html http://www.hrw.com/science/si-scienc
e/index.html http://www.earthsky.org/browse/index
.php?c=General+Science http://scienceforfamilies.allinfo-about.
com/subjects/earthscience.html
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Earth Science Websites
http://geology.about.com/b/a/2005_08_21.htm
http://www.ncsu.edu/sciencejunction/terminal/imse/lowres/1/earth.htm
http://www.niehs.nih.gov/kids/links.htm
http://www.kiwicareers.govt.nz/lists/jobs/talpfrm.htm
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Websites
http://www.route-one.com/teachers/jaymeherbert/index.asp?pageid=106
http://www.education-world.com/science/
http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/pages/search.asp?catid=6