What Is Matter?What Is Matter?

MatterMatterEverything is made of MATTER!Everything is made of MATTER!Matter is anything that has mass and Matter is anything that has mass and

takes up space (volume).takes up space (volume).Volume is the amount of space an Volume is the amount of space an

object takes up, or occupies.object takes up, or occupies.

Measuring the volume of Measuring the volume of liquidsliquids

Liquids have volume. We measure that volume Liquids have volume. We measure that volume with a graduated cylinder.with a graduated cylinder.

Notice the meniscus in the graduated cylinder. Notice the meniscus in the graduated cylinder. Always measure at the bottom of the meniscus!Always measure at the bottom of the meniscus! A liquid in any container has a meniscus.A liquid in any container has a meniscus. Liters (L) and mL (milliliters) are most often used Liters (L) and mL (milliliters) are most often used

to express the volume of liquids.to express the volume of liquids.

Solid VolumeSolid Volume The volume in a solid is The volume in a solid is

always expressed in cubic always expressed in cubic units.units.

Cubic means having Cubic means having “three dimensions.”“three dimensions.”

Cubic meters(mCubic meters(m33) or cubic ) or cubic centimeters(cmcentimeters(cm33) are most ) are most often used to express the often used to express the volume of a solid.volume of a solid.

The 3 in mThe 3 in m33 signifies that signifies that three quantities were used three quantities were used to get the final result. to get the final result. (That is a derived (That is a derived quantity!)quantity!)

If each side in the cube If each side in the cube below is 2m, what is the below is 2m, what is the volume of the cube?volume of the cube?

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The Volume of The Volume of Solids, Liquids, and GasesSolids, Liquids, and Gases

1 mL = 1 cm1 mL = 1 cm33 REMEMBER THAT!REMEMBER THAT! That is why you can compare the volume That is why you can compare the volume

in liquids to solids.in liquids to solids. How do you measure the volume of a gas?How do you measure the volume of a gas? You can’t see, so how do you measure it?You can’t see, so how do you measure it?

ex: balloonex: balloon__________________________________________________

Matter and MassMatter and Mass What is mass?What is mass? Mass is the amount of Mass is the amount of

matter that something is matter that something is made of.made of.

Even atoms have mass!Even atoms have mass! Looking at the picture…Looking at the picture… The mass stays constant The mass stays constant

in certain forms of in certain forms of matter such as…matter such as…__________________.__________________.

The mass changes in The mass changes in certain forms of matter certain forms of matter such as…such as…_________________._________________.

What is the difference between What is the difference between mass and weight?mass and weight?

This is an important concept to understand!This is an important concept to understand! Let’s start by understanding gravity.Let’s start by understanding gravity. Gravity is the force of attraction between Gravity is the force of attraction between

objects that is due to their masses.objects that is due to their masses. All matter experiences gravity!All matter experiences gravity! The amount of attraction between two The amount of attraction between two

objects depends on their weight.objects depends on their weight. There is attraction between all objects with There is attraction between all objects with

mass, but since they are so small in mass, but since they are so small in reference to the earth, the attraction reference to the earth, the attraction between them is also small.between them is also small.

So, what about weight?So, what about weight? Weight is the measure of the gravitational force Weight is the measure of the gravitational force

exerted on an object!exerted on an object! Look at Spot and the rock…which one is attracted Look at Spot and the rock…which one is attracted

to the earth more through gravitational force? to the earth more through gravitational force? ________________________________

Which one weighs more? ___________Which one weighs more? ___________ So, this means the greater the gravitational force, So, this means the greater the gravitational force,

the greater the weight.the greater the weight. Which weighsWhich weighs

more? ------->more? ------->

Measuring Weight and MassMeasuring Weight and MassThe SI unit for mass is kilogram (kg).The SI unit for mass is kilogram (kg).Sometimes we will use milligrams or Sometimes we will use milligrams or

grams. (mg or g)grams. (mg or g)The SI unit for weight (or The SI unit for weight (or

gravitational force) is NEWTONS.gravitational force) is NEWTONS.A Newton is approximately equal to A Newton is approximately equal to

the weight of a 100 gram mass on the weight of a 100 gram mass on earth.earth.

The major differences The major differences betweenbetween

MASSMASS A measure of the A measure of the

amount of matter in amount of matter in object.object.

Always constant, no Always constant, no matter the location.matter the location.

Measured with a Measured with a balance.balance.

Expressed in Expressed in kilograms, grams, and kilograms, grams, and milligrams.milligrams.

WEIGHTWEIGHT A measure of the A measure of the

gravitational force on gravitational force on an object.an object.

Varies depending on Varies depending on where the object is in where the object is in relation to the earth. relation to the earth. Example: ____________Example: ____________

Measured with a Measured with a spring scale.spring scale.

Expressed in Newtons.Expressed in Newtons.

Mass is a measure of InertiaMass is a measure of Inertia What in the world is inertia?What in the world is inertia? Ever try to move a car? Yeah, it is difficult!Ever try to move a car? Yeah, it is difficult! That is because of inertia!That is because of inertia! Inertia is the tendency of all object to resist a Inertia is the tendency of all object to resist a

change in motion.change in motion. This will cause objects that are still to remain still, This will cause objects that are still to remain still,

and allow objects that are moving to continue and allow objects that are moving to continue moving.moving.

Mass is a measure of inertia because the greater Mass is a measure of inertia because the greater the mass of an object…the more difficult it is to the mass of an object…the more difficult it is to move.move.