What is Matter?

Matter: A substance that has mass and volume (takes up

space).

WAYS TO MEASURE MATTER

• Mass – the amount of matter in an object.– Measured in grams (g)

and kilograms (kg)– video

• Weight – the force of gravity on an object– how much do you weig

h? video

WAYS TO MEASURE MATTER

• Volume – The amount of space an object takes up.– Measured in milliliters

(mL) and liters (L)– Also measured in cm3

or m3 (length x width x height)

– 1 mL = 1 cm3

– video

Matter is made of Atoms

• An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter

• Tiny particles• Scientists have

identified 100 different types of atoms

• Always in motion

Molecule

• When two or more atoms bond together or combine

• Smallest amount of a substance made of combined atoms

• Always in motion

Element

• Pure substance– Contains single type of

atom– Can not separate into

other substances– More than 100

Compounds

• A substance that consists of two or more different types of atoms bonded together

• Creates a new substance

Examples

Table Salt

Dry Ice

Mixture• Combination of different substances

• Does not create new substance

• Can be separated by physical means

• Two types:– Heterogeneous– Homogeneous

STATES OF MATTER

• Matter can exist as 3 different phases or states.– Solid– Liquid– Gas

• All living and non-living things are made of matter.

Three Most Common States of Matter

• Liquid• Gas• Solid

Coca-Cola

Carbon in Soda

Glass Cup

SOLID

• Has a definite volume and a definite shape.

• A solid will not take the shape of a container.

• The particles in solids are packed together, thus keeping it’s shape.

• Examples:– Rocks– Desk– Apple

LIQUID

• has a definite volume but no definite shape.

• Takes the shape of its container.

• Particles are further apart and moving (pouring water)

• Examples– Water– Blood– Milk

GAS

• Has no definite volume and no definite shape.

• Fills a container of any shape or size.

• Random groups of particles moving rapidly.

• Examples– Air (mixture of different gases)– Water Vapor (water in a gas

form)– Gas Behavior

• Plasmas are super-heated gases.

• Plasma is an ionized gas.

• The atoms are different because they are made up of free electrons and ions of an element such as neon (Ne).

• Examples - stars - lightning - fluorescent light bulbs - neon signs

PLASMA

Examples of Particles Moving

•http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/studyjams/matter_states/