What is Matter?
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Transcript of What is Matter?
What is Matter?
Chapter 2 Section 1
Matter
• matter – anything that has mass & takes up space (volume)
Mass vs. WeightMass
• mass - amount of matter an object contains– SI unit is the kilogram (kg)– can be measured using a
balance (triple beam)– mass is the same on Earth
and in space
Weight• weight - a measure of
the force of gravity on an object– SI unit is the Newton (N)– can be measured using a
scale (spring)– depends on gravity, thus is
different on Earth and in space
Physical Properties
Chapter 2 Section 2
Physical Properties• physical property - any
characteristic that can be observed without changing the identity of the matter
Examples:colorshapeodor/smelltastemassvolumestate of matterdensitythermal conductivitymalleabilityductilitysolubility
Color The ability to distinguish Apple is red
Odor The ability to distinguish based on smell
Sulfur has a rotten smell
Mass The amount of matter that something is made of
Is it heavy?
Volume Amount of space taken up Can all the book fit in the backpack?
Thermal Conductivity
The ability to transfer thermal energy from one area to another
Plasticfoam is a poor conductor, so hot chocolate in a plasticfoam cup will not burn your hand
StateThe physical form in which a
substance exists, such as solid liquid, or gas
Ice is water in its solid state
MalleabilityThe ability to be pounded into
thin sheetsAluminum can be rolled or
pounded into sheets to make foil
Ductility The ability to be drawn or pulled into a wire
Copper is often used to make wirings
Solubility The ability to dissolve in another substance
Sugar dissolves in water
DensityMass per unit volume Lead is used to make sinkers
for fishing like because lead is more dense than water.
Density
• density – the amount of matter within a given volume
– Demonstration: People in a square
Which square is more dense?
Density
Now which one is more dense?
Density in Liquid
• Object is MORE dense (higher density) it will SINK
• Object is LESS dense (lower density) it will FLOAT
Liquid Layers• If you pour together
liquids that don’t mix and have different densities, they will form liquid layers.
• The liquid with the highest density will be on the bottom.
• The liquid with the lowest density will be on the top.
Liquid Layers• Which layer has the highest density?• Which layer has the lowest density?• Imagine that the liquids have the
following densities: – 10g/cm3
– 3g/cm3
– 6g/cm3
– 5g/cm3
Which number would go with which layer?
Density
•
ALWAYS REMEMBER
UNITS!
Physical Change
• physical change - a change that changes the appearance of matter but the identity of matter stays the same
• Examples:– cutting– breaking– tearing– melting