What is it all about ?
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Transcript of What is it all about ?
From science to routine operations – Ceilometer and Lidar networks for
cloud and aerosol detection
WMO TECO 2012
18. October 2012
W. ThomasDeutscher Wetterdienst (DWD)
Met. Observatory Hohenpeissenberg
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 2
What is it all about ?
Lidar networks exist (EARLINET, MPlnet, AD-Net, others), with low spatio-temporal resolution, are typically operated by scientific entities, do not perform continuous operations.
(National) ceilometer networks exist (UKMO, DWD, Meteo-France, …), with a relatively high spatio-temporal resolution, are typically operational (24/7 operations), but are mostly dedicated to cloud base height/cloud layer measurements only
The recent volcano crises in Europe (2010 and 2011) showed however the potential of ceilometer measurements for aerosols in general and volcanic ash detection
There is obviously a need for a closer link between ceilometers and lidars
Not much exchange between these two worlds Be aware that Lidars are typically doing a much better job than ceilometers, especially with regard to aerosol retrievals
Be aware that Lidars are typically much more expensive than ceilometers, both in terms of running costs for the technics and the costs of staff needed for operations
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 3
Visions, Ideas, Plans
What do we have ?
GALION = WMO’s GAW Aerosol Lidar Observation Network
GALION is a Lidar network of networks !
National ceilometer networks, mainly for cloud detection
What do we need (because we don’t have it now) ?
International exchange of ceilometer (and lidar) data
An operational aerosol (profile) measurement/warning/alert system
How to get there ?
By stimulating the data exchange through COST actions, EUMETNET, WMO
By integrating national ceilometer networks into GALION
By combining and harmonizing the national ceilometer networks
GALION workshop 2010Source: WMO
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 4
Benefits
Aerosol information
Closing the gap between the current GALION world and the world of the operational met. services
Improving the spatio-temporal resolution of GALION
Procuring and supporting a win-win-situation by improving the near-real-time capabilities of GALION and operational entities in case of emergencies
Cloud information
Enabling application (assimilation and validation) of ceilometer and lidar data in NWP models at regional and global scale
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 5
Who needs that ?
Met. Services and Aeronautics (now)
support to aviation
WMO’s SDS-WAS, Met. Services (next 5 years)
Data assimilation, model validation
PBL height, aerosol profile data
WMO/GAW + Research community (long-term) Tracing long-range transport phenomena
Performing long-term observations (4D aerosol distribution)
Modelling air quality (using profile data to constrain the mixing height)
Eyjafjalla ash plume
Source: DLR
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 6
What has been done so far ? Survey of ceilometers and lidars
Mostly within RA VI (EARLINET) US (MPLnet) + Asia (AD-Net) involved About 15 different instrument types just in Europe !
Some corner stones 933 ceilometer positions and 120 lidar positions gathered on a google earth map clickable map provides access to quick looks and stations (meta data):
~180 stations are linked now created database containing data and meta data, Excel and MySQL
Web site: under development, hosted by DWDOpenlayers-based (free of charge), same functionalityShow cases (google-earth based) for
Saharan dustVolcanic ash
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 7
What else has been done ?
Paved the way for harmonizing/exchanging data Involvement of EG-CLIMET (COST ES0702) proposing a new COST action
“toprof” (like winprof) ensuring continuation of these activities after 2012
Expert workshop in September 2012 (Univ. Reading) discussed data format issues, ceilometer intercomparison and the absolute calibration of ceilometers
Agreement on netcdf (scientific exchange) and BUFR (operational exchange and storage) format; UKMO is the leading entity
Involvement of EUMETNET: Take over in the long-term, meanwhile agreed. Proposal by UKMO and MeteoSwiss (E-Profile) submitted
CIMO/CBS Status of Lidars and ceilometers regarding volcanic ash detection and
monitoring presented and laid down in report of 2011 annual meeting
Proposal sent to CIMO management group for supporting a ceilometer intercomparison campaign
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 8
Even more under way … at European level, all FP7 projects
WEZARD
Performed review of nowadays quality monitoring and status of data storage/data access w.r.t. volcanic ash products
ACTRIS/EARLINET
Ceilometer intercomparison campaign could be supported
EARLINET has accepted leading scientific role, thus engagement in the further development
Development of calibration and retrieval algorithms with EARLINETs help (funding problem !)
MACC-II
Use of ceilometer data in C-IFS (the ECMWF integrated chemistry forecast model); most likely using the “forward operator” approach
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 9
Conclusion
Important steps towards an integrated and operational use of ceilometer and lidar data have already been done
Several running and future projects deal with data exchange, harmonization of data and data formats, retrieval algorithms, calibration issues
These applications are served:
Aviation security (volcanic ash, dust)
NWP (data assimilation)
Global Atmosphere Watch (long-term monitoring)
Even more international engagement required; the current drivers are mostly in Europe
WMO TECO 2012, 18. October 2012 page 10
Thanks !
Questions ?Want to have the kml file ?