What is Government? - USH Unit 2 · SSCG1, UNIT 1 What is Government? What is government? ... are...
Transcript of What is Government? - USH Unit 2 · SSCG1, UNIT 1 What is Government? What is government? ... are...
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S S C G 1 , U N I T 1
What is Government?
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What is government?
� An organized system to provide order and protection for a nation’s people
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Why do we need government?
� BRAINSTORM� Jot down ideas on your notes about why you think
we need government.
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What is power?
� Having the ability and resources to control
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Foundations of American Government
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Limited Government
� Political system in which powers of the government are restricted, usually by a written constitution
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Rule of Law
� Government is based on clear and fairly enforced laws and no one is above the laws
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3 Docs
� Magna Carta� Petition of Rights� English Bill of Rights
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Magna Carta
� Signed by King John of England in 1215� This charter defined the rights and duties of English
nobles and set limits on the monarch’s power� The Magna Carta established rule of law, which
meant that all people, even the king, have to obey the laws
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Petition of Right
� Law passed by English parliament in 1628 to try to limit the power of King Charles I.
� It prohibited arbitrary arrests and quartering of troops in private homes without the owner’s consent. This underscored the principle of limited government, by affirming that the king’s power was not absolute.
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English Bill of Rights
� Passed by Parliament in 1689 after years of conflict and civil war.
� Parliament offered the throne to William and Mary of Orange, but insisted they accept the Bill of Rights as a condition of their rule.
� The English Bill of Rights reaffirmed individual rights such as freedom from cruel and unusual punishment, fair trial, and right to bear arms.
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4 Dudes
� Hobbes� Locke� Montesquieu� Rousseau
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Hobbes
� Writings: Leviathan� Principle or Theory: social contract� What does it mean? People give up freedom in
exchange for protection from government
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Locke
� Writings: Second Treatise on Government� Principle or Theory: Natural Rights� What does it mean? Everyone has God given rights
that cannot be taken away (life, liberty, property)
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Montesquieu
� Writings: The Spirit of Laws� Principle or Theory: Separation of Powers� What does it mean? Power should be divided into 3
branches and each has a job that only it can do
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Rousseau
� Writings: The Social Contract� Principle or Theory: popular sovereignty, equality� What does it mean? The government should reflect
the will of the people. All men are equal under the law