What is game theory Game theory attempts to mathematically capture behaviour in strategic...
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Transcript of What is game theory Game theory attempts to mathematically capture behaviour in strategic...
![Page 1: What is game theory Game theory attempts to mathematically capture behaviour in strategic situations, in which an individual's success in making choices.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551be534550346b4588b6004/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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![Page 3: What is game theory Game theory attempts to mathematically capture behaviour in strategic situations, in which an individual's success in making choices.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551be534550346b4588b6004/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is game theoryGame theory attempts to mathematically
capture behaviour in strategic situations, in which an individual's success in making choices depends on the choices of others.
![Page 4: What is game theory Game theory attempts to mathematically capture behaviour in strategic situations, in which an individual's success in making choices.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551be534550346b4588b6004/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Where’s it used?Applied mathematicsSocial sciences such as:
EconomicsPolitical PsychologyComputer Science (to understand A.I.)Philosophy
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Basic ConceptsGame: a particular sort of conflict in which n
players participate.Move: when the game progresses (e.g. the
roll of a dice)Payoff/outcome: what happens at the end
(e.g. the winnings at the end of a round of poker)
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• A strategy is the set of best choices for a player for an entire game. It is an overlying plan that cannot be upset by occurrences in the game itself.
![Page 7: What is game theory Game theory attempts to mathematically capture behaviour in strategic situations, in which an individual's success in making choices.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062511/551be534550346b4588b6004/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Extensive and NormalExtensive: a set of rules and the player’s
strategy determines what they do at each stage. Examples are noughts and crosses or chess.
Normal: a way of representing a game so calculations can be done on it.
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Types of GameOne-person: games such as solitaire, the only
interest is that of the player.2-person: games like chess of backgammonZero-sum games: where the payoff is exactly
the same as the sum of all loses. Any n-person non-zero-sum game can be reduced to an n + 1 zero-sum game
The Game:
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An exampleGame theory can be applied to many games. A simple game is Noughts and Crosses.
If we start by labelling every box as follows.
UL: upper-leftCC: centreLR: lower right etc..
UL
CL CC
URUC
LRLL LC
CR
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We can use the notation to use XUL to signify a game position where X has been placed in the upper-left box.
A game might progress as follows:
XUL-OUR-XCC-OCR-XLC-OLL-XCL-OUC
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It would look like this:
O
X OX
O X
O X
A tie!
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The End.
By Ben and Antony.