What is Ergonomics
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Transcript of What is Ergonomics
What Is Ergonomics ?
ERGONOMIC
What Is Ergonomics ?Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance.
The Purpose Of ErgonomicsTo increase the efficiency of employees
To prevent unnecessary and excessive difficulties
To prevent damage to human beings
To prevent unnecessary activities
Types Of ErgonomicsPhysical ErgonomicsPhysical ergonomics is concerned with human anatomical, physiological and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity
Cognitive ErgonomicCognitive ergonomics is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system.
Organizational ErgonomicsOrganizational ergonomics is concerned with the optimization of sociotechnical systems, including their organizational structures, policies, and processes.
Physical EffectsWork place layoutRepetiteve worksThe arrangement of the equipment during at workImproper postureStatic posture
Environmentel effectsNoiseTemparature ,humidity and air flow LightVibrationChemicals
Psychological EffectsConflicts (err, forgetfulness)SadFamily problemsJob problemsEconomic problemsInsecurityLimited career Negative social contact in work
Ergonomics Design ExpectationsEase of useConvenience of userComfortableHealth and securityPerformans increase
Ergonomic Risk Factors
Risk of injury increases with:Prolonged exposure to any of these ergonomic risk factorsPresence of multiple risk factors within a single job task
Awkward Posture
Repetition
Force
Static Loading
Contact Stress
Vibration
Benefits of Ergonomics
Decreased injury risk
Increased productivity
Decreased mistakes/rework
Increased efficiency
Decreased lost work days
Decreased turnover
Improved morale
MSDs (Musculoskeletal Disorders)
MSDs are injuries or pain in the bodys joints, ligaments, muscles, nerves, and structures that supports limbs, neck and back.MSDs are degenerative diseases and inflammatory conditions that causes pain and impair normal activities.
Common Causes of MSDsRepetitive and/or prolonged activitiesAwkward postures/positions for an extended timeStatic posturesVibrationHigh/low Temperatures for an extended timeForceful exertions
Signs Of MSDDecreased range of motionLoss of functionDeformityCrampingLoss of colorDecreased grip strengthLoss of balanceSwellingRedness
Symptoms Of MSDMuscle fatigue or painAchingBurningNumbnessStiffnessTingling
Types of Injuries
Muscle pain
Joint pain
Swelling
Numbness
Restricted motion
Repetitive stress injury
Repetitive motion injury
Cumulative trauma disorder
Musculoskeletal disorder
What To Do..?Prevent, Prevent, PreventWarm up & stretch before activities that are repetitive, static or prolongedTake frequent breaks from ANY sustained posture every 20-30 minutesRespect pain- positions or stop painful activityRecognize early signs of inflammatory processBe aware of workstation environment.
Control MethodsInstall engineering controls including workstation layout and proper toolsInstitute work practice controls including neutral postures for performing tasksAdministrative controls including rescheduling to reduce frequency or duration of exposure to MSDsPersonal protective equipment (PPE) to provide a protective barrier between worker and MSD
SummaryMinimize ergonomic risk factors in your area
Stretch throughout the shift especially before and after activities that require awkward positions or lifting
Pay attention to your body and know your physical limitations
Report ergonomics issues through appropriate channels.
Ergonomic injuries are preventable, and you own your own safety