What is Energy?

Grade 5

Strand B Energy1st 9 Weeks Pacing Guide

2010-2011

A Presentation Developed by Mary Tweedy

Curriculum Support SpecialistDivision of Mathematics, Science, and Advanced Academics

Grade 5 Grade 5 Strand B Energy Benchmarks:Strand B Energy Benchmarks:

S.C.B.1.2.1S.C.B.1.2.1 The student knows how to trace the flow of energy in The student knows how to trace the flow of energy in an abiotic system (e.g., as in a electrical system)an abiotic system (e.g., as in a electrical system). AA. AA

SC.B.1.2.2 SC.B.1.2.2 The student recognizes various forms of energy (e.g., The student recognizes various forms of energy (e.g., heat, light, and electricity). (Also assesses B.1.2.4)heat, light, and electricity). (Also assesses B.1.2.4)

SC.B.1.2.3 SC.B.1.2.3 The student knows that most things that emit light The student knows that most things that emit light also emit heat. also emit heat. CS CS

SC.B.1.2.4SC.B.1.2.4 The student knows that energy can be transformed in The student knows that energy can be transformed in many ways. (assessed as B.1.2.2)many ways. (assessed as B.1.2.2)

SC.B.1.2.5 SC.B.1.2.5 The student knows that various forms of energy can The student knows that various forms of energy can be measured in ways that make it possible to determine the be measured in ways that make it possible to determine the amount of energy that is transformed. (assessed as B.1.2.6)amount of energy that is transformed. (assessed as B.1.2.6)

S.C.B.1.2.6 S.C.B.1.2.6 The student knows ways that heat can move from The student knows ways that heat can move from one object to another. one object to another. AA AA

SC.C.1.2.2SC.C.1.2.2 The student knows that waves travel at different The student knows that waves travel at different speeds through different materials. CSspeeds through different materials. CS

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What is Energy?What is Energy?

Energy is the ability to do work.Energy is the ability to do work.

Energy is the ability to cause a change.Energy is the ability to cause a change.

Energy can change an object’s:Energy can change an object’s: motionmotion shape shape temperature colortemperature color

Potential Energy

Stored energy that could cause change in the future.

Potential energy often changes or transfers into kinetic energy.

Types of potential energy: elasticitygravitational compressed springchemical magneticatoms being brought together

Chemical Energy

Chemical energy is made when substances react and form new substances.

Food, batteries, and fuels such as oil and gasoline are stored chemical energy.

Chemical energy can change to:sound lightthermal electrical

kinetic

Kinetic Energy

Kinetic energy is energy due to motion. The amount of kinetic energy depends on

the object’s speed and mass. Kinetic energy can change into other

forms of energy.

Ball slows down Ball speeds up

What is Sound?https://www.pearsonsuccessnet.com/snpapp/login/login.jsp

Sound is a form of energy produced by a vibration or a back and forth movement of

an object. Sound is a wave of vibrations that spread

from its source of its matter. The more vibrations the waves have, the

more energy, the louder the sound. The faster the vibrations or the frequency,

the higher the sound. How high or low a sound is called the pitch.

In which state of matter, gas, liquid, or In which state of matter, gas, liquid, or solid does sound travel the best?solid does sound travel the best?

Sound travels the fastest and is heard the best through solids. Sound travels the slowest and is the quietest when traveling through

gases. Sound travels at different speeds in different states of matter/materials. Can sound travel in a vacuum? Explain.

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What is light?What is light?

Light is something that allows us to see Light is something that allows us to see objects.objects.

Light is a form of energy. Light is a form of energy. Light is produced by the vibrations of Light is produced by the vibrations of

electrically charged particles.electrically charged particles. https://www.pearsonsuccessnet.com/snpapp/login/login.jsp

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Properties of Light Properties of Light

Light travels in a straight path.Light travels in a straight path. Light doesn’t travel through all Light doesn’t travel through all

objects.objects.

These are defined as opaque.These are defined as opaque. Light can be absorbed and Light can be absorbed and

changed to heat.changed to heat.

Properties of Light Continued Properties of Light Continued

Light bounces off or is reflected from some kinds of opaque objects.

Light travels in waves.Light travels in waves.

Angles of Reflection

Compare and Contrast

Cardboard VS A Mirror Light doesn’t pass through – opaque dull dark

absorbs light

Light doesn’t pass through – opaque shiny smooth

reflects light

Properties of Light

Some objects let all light pass through them are known as:

transparent Some objects let some light pass

through them are known as: translucent

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Bending Light LabBending Light LabWrite down responses on your note page.

Problem: What does light do when it travels from one medium or state of matter (air) through another medium (water)?

Hypothesis: Test and Observe: Follow steps from the

lab sheet. Conclusion:

Light Changes Direction

Light bends or refracts as it passes from one medium (form of matter: solid, liquid or gas) to another.

Refraction of Light Virtual Tutorial

What Color is Light?Write down responses on your note page.

Problem: What happens when we Problem: What happens when we shine a flashlight on a CD?shine a flashlight on a CD?

Hypothesis:Hypothesis: Test and Observe: Test and Observe: Conclusion:

More on Bending Light

White light includes all the colors of the rainbow - ROY G BIV.

How a Prism Works

Where Does Light Come From?

Sources of Light

SunCeiling LightsLight bulbs/lampsFlashlight

Candle flame

Produced By

Nuclear reactionsElectricityElectricityChemical reactions &ElectricityChemical energy

2020

TAG ReflectionsTAG Reflections

Tell a fact you learned about light.Tell a fact you learned about light. Ask a question about something you Ask a question about something you

don’t understand about light.don’t understand about light. Give another idea that was Give another idea that was

addressed in our study of energy.addressed in our study of energy.

What is Thermal Energy?

Thermal energy is the total of all the kinetic and potential energy of the atoms in an object. When any form of matter gets warmer, the kinetic energy of its atoms increases. The object’s particles move faster, so its thermal

energy increases. A change in thermal energy can lead to a

change in phase or state of matter. Temperature is a measure of thermal energy.

How Does Heat Move?

Thermal energy flows from warmer substances to cooler substances.

Heat is transferred from one object to another in three different ways:

conductionconvectionradiation

What is electrical energy?What is electrical energy?

A form of energy that is produced when A form of energy that is produced when electrons move from one place to electrons move from one place to another.another.

Electrons are particles that are in the Electrons are particles that are in the space around the nucleus of an atom.space around the nucleus of an atom.

The forces of attraction and repulsion The forces of attraction and repulsion make electrons move.make electrons move.https://www.pearsonsuccessnet.com/snpapp/login/login.jsphttps://www.pearsonsuccessnet.com/snpapp/login/login.jsp

http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter02.htmlhttp://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter02.html2323

Energy cannot be made or destroyed Energy can move from one object to another. < <

Energy can change from one form to another.

Forms of Energy

Electrical Light Chemical Sound Heat/Thermal Solar Wind

Water Nuclear Plant & Animal

bodies Mechanical:

kineticpotential

Forms of Energy

Energy Forms Heat/thermal Electrical Chemical

Nuclear Mechanical:

potentialkinetic

Light /Radiant

What Happens? Objects warm. Food cooks. Lights on. / Machines run. Organisms move and grow. Flashlights light up. Generates electricity.

Sled sits on top of a hill. Sled slides down the hill. Plants grow. / Lasers cut.

Basic Forms of Energy

Energy Forms

1. Sound2. Electrical 3. Heat/thermal4. kinetic5. Light

What Happens?

A. Objects warm. Food cooks. B. Lights on. / Machines run.C. Matter vibrates.D. Plants grow. / Humans seeE. Sled slides down the hill.