What is Electricity? Electricity is a form of energy that can easily be converted to other forms of...
Transcript of What is Electricity? Electricity is a form of energy that can easily be converted to other forms of...
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What is Electricity?What is Electricity?
• Electricity is a form of energy Electricity is a form of energy that can easily be converted to that can easily be converted to other forms of energy.other forms of energy.
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Does Electricity Have Does Electricity Have Force?Force?
• Yes it doesYes it does
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What Causes Electrical What Causes Electrical Force?Force?
• Electrical force is caused by a Electrical force is caused by a concentration of electrical charges.concentration of electrical charges.
• There are 2 Types of electrical There are 2 Types of electrical charges:charges:
“+” POSITIVE“-” NEGATIVE
Charges exist in all matter.Charges exist in all matter.
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What is a Positive What is a Positive Charge?Charge?
• PositivePositive = when there are more = when there are more positive charges than negative positive charges than negative charges present.charges present.
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Positive Charge
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What is a Negative What is a Negative Charge?Charge?
• Negative = when there are more negative charges than positive charges present.
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Negative Charge
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What Does “Neutral” What Does “Neutral” Mean?Mean?
• NeutralNeutral = when the same number = when the same number of positive and negative charges of positive and negative charges are present.are present.
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How Do Electrical Charges How Do Electrical Charges Interact?Interact?
OppositeOpposite charges charges attractattract
LikeLike charges charges repelrepel
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Do Electrical Charges Do Electrical Charges Move?Move?
• FrictionFriction – causes negative – causes negative charges (electrons) to move from charges (electrons) to move from one object to another.one object to another.– This transfer of “-” negatives creates This transfer of “-” negatives creates
an imbalance or charge.an imbalance or charge.
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What is Static What is Static Electricity?Electricity?
• StaticStatic is the attractive force is the attractive force of opposite charges.of opposite charges.
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What is the Cause of What is the Cause of Static?Static?
• Cause of staticCause of static = the build up of = the build up of charged ions (from friction)charged ions (from friction)
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What are the Effects of What are the Effects of Static?Static?
• Effects of staticEffects of static = shock, or = shock, or static discharge, as the charge static discharge, as the charge flows to the opposite charged area.flows to the opposite charged area.
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What are Insulators What are Insulators and Conductors ?and Conductors ?
• InsulatorInsulator = material in which = material in which electrical electrical charges do not move charges do not move freely.freely.– Examples: rubber, air, paper, woodExamples: rubber, air, paper, wood
• ConductorConductor = material in which = material in which electrical electrical charges can move freely.charges can move freely.– Examples: metal, wire, liquidsExamples: metal, wire, liquids
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What is Induction?What is Induction?
• Induction is the rearrangement of charges within a substance – it results from the presence of other charges.
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What is Conduction?What is Conduction?
• ConductionConduction is the transfer of a charge.– This results from touching, or direct
contact with, a charged object.
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Van der Graff Van der Graff GeneratorGenerator
• Van De Graaff Generator – shows static electricity (build up of electrons).
• The Van De Graaff generator creates 200,000 – 300,000 volts but it is not dangerous because of the low amperes.– therefore the charge does not flow
easily or continuously.
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How Does Lightning How Does Lightning Form?Form?
• Friction generates a charge and causes separation. Negative atoms are heavier (due to extra electrons) and fall to the bottom of the cloud as the positives float to the top of the cloud.
• Stepped leaders = negative charges move down from cloud towards the ground just before lightning forms.
• Streamers = positive charges move up from the ground toward the leaders.
• When both streamers and stepped leaders meet, lightning forms.
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