What is Capacitor (C)

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CapacitorWhat is capacitor and capacitor calculations.

What is capacitor

Capacitor pictures

Capacitance

Capacitance of plates capacitor

Capacitors in series

Capacitors in parallel

Capacitor's current

Capacitor's voltage

Energy of capacitor

AC circuit of capacitor

Capacitor types

How capacitor works

Capacitor symbols

What is capacitorCapacitor is an electronic component that stores electric charge. The capacitor is made of 2

close conductors (usually plates) that are separated by a dielectric material. The plates

accumulate electric charge when connected to power source. One plate accumulates positive

charge and the other plate accumulates negative charge.

The capacitance is the amount of electric charge that is stored in the capacitor at voltage of 1

Volt.

The capacitance is measured in units of Farad (F).

The capacitor disconnects current in direct current (DC) circuits and short circuit in alternating

current (AC) circuits.

Capacitor pictures

Capacitor symbols

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What is Capacitor (C) http://www.rapidtables.com/electric/capacitor.htm

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Capacitor

Polarized capacitor

Variable capacitor

CapacitanceThe capacitance (C) of the capacitor is equal to the electric charge (Q) divided by the voltage

(V):

C is the capacitance in farad (F)

Q is the electric charge in coulombs (C), that is stored on the capacitor

V is the voltage between the capacitor's plates in volts (V)

Capacitance of plates capacitorThe capacitance (C) of the plates capacitor is equal to the permittivity (ε) times the plate area

(A) divided by the gap or distance between the plates (d):

C is the capacitance of the capacitor, in farad (F).

ε is the permittivity of the capacitor's dialectic material, in farad per meter (F/m).

A is the area of the capacitor's plate in square meters (m2].

d is the distance between the capacitor's plates, in meters (m).

Capacitors in series

The total capacitance of capacitors in series, C1,C2,C3,.. :

Capacitors in parallel


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The total capacitance of capacitors in parallel, C1,C2,C3,.. :

CTotal

= C1+C

2+C

3+...

Capacitor's currentThe capacitor's momentary current i

c(t) is equal to the capacitance of the capacitor,

times the derivative of the momentary capacitor's voltage vc(t):

Capacitor's voltageThe capacitor's momentary voltage v

c(t) is equal to the initial voltage of the capacitor,

plus 1/C times the integral of the momentary capacitor's current ic(t) over time t:

Energy of capacitorThe capacitor's stored energy E

C in joules (J) is equal to the capacitance C in farad (F)

times the square capacitor's voltage VC in volts (V) divided by 2:

EC = C × V

C

2 / 2

AC circuits

Angular frequency

ω = 2π fω - angular velocity measured in radians per second (rad/s)

f - frequency measured in hertz (Hz).

Capacitor's reactance

Capacitor's impedance

Cartesian form:

Polar form:

ZC

= XC∟-90º


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Capacitor types

Variable

capacitorVariable capacitor has changeable capacitance

Electrolytic

capacitor

Electrolytic capacitors are used when high capacitance is needed. Most of

the electrolytic capacitors are polarized

Spherical

capacitorSpherical capacitor has a sphere shape

Power capacitor Power capacitors are used in high voltage power systems.

Ceramic

capacitor

Ceramic capacitor has ceramic dielectric material. Has high voltage

functionality.

Tantalum

capacitorTantalum oxide dielectric material. Has high capacitance

Mica capacitor High accuracy capacitors

Paper capacitor Paper dielectric material

How a capacitor works

Video from: fizzics.org

See also:

Capacitor symbols

Electrical & electronic symbols

Farad

Resistor

Inductor


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ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

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What is Capacitor (C)

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