What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell...
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![Page 1: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What is Biochemistry?The chemistry of life!
Components of an E. coli cell
Percentage of total cell weight
Number of different
Water 70 1
Proteins 15 3,000
Nucleic acids
DNA 1 1
RNA 6 >3,000
Polysaccharides 3 5
Lipids 2 20
Subunits & intermediates 2 500
Inorganic ions 1 20
The study of biomolecules:
![Page 2: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Biochemistry?The chemistry of life! The study of biomolecules:
Structure Properties Interactions Reactions
Biochemists want to understand everything about all the molecules of life. This is a big job!
![Page 3: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Life is diverse and complex!
There are millions of different species on earth
Each contains thousands of different types of molecules
![Page 4: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Biochemists take advantage of similarities
Different species are related; they evolved from a common ancestor
Biomolecules and biochemical systems from different species are related
![Page 5: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Biochemists take advantage of similarities
Many biomolecules are complex polymers of basic units
monosaccharide (sugar) units
Protein(Polypeptide)
DNA molecule
nucleotide units(sugar + phosphate + base)
amino acid units
Carbohydrate(Polysaccharide)
![Page 6: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The world of biomolecules
![Page 7: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Human cells are ~10 μm in length(~1000x shorter than your finger tip)
Figures from “The Machinery of Life” by David Goodsell
![Page 8: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Macromolecules are ~10 nm in length(~1000x shorter than the length of a cell)
Figures from “The Machinery of Life” by David Goodsell
![Page 9: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Organic molecules are ~10Å (1nm) in length (~10x shorter than macromolecules)
Figures from “The Machinery of Life” by David Goodsell
![Page 10: What is Biochemistry? The chemistry of life! Components of an E. coli cell Percentage of total cell weight Number of different Water701 Proteins153,000.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062718/56649e8a5503460f94b8fb2e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cells are crowded full of biomolecules
E. coli cell (30,000×)
(( in rapid, chaotic motion ))
Cell Wall (1,000,000×) Cytoplasm (1,000,000×)
Protein
mRNA
tRNA
Ribosome
DNA
Carb.
Figures from “The Machinery of Life” by David Goodsell