What is Aquaculture. Photograph by HBOI Mariculture The husbandry marine organisms Photograph by...
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What is AquacultureWhat is Aquaculture
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Photograph by HBOI
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MaricultureMariculture
The husbandry marine organisms
Photograph by HBOI
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AquaponicsAquaponics
The husbandry of animals and plants together
Photograph by HBOI
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Aquaculture Aquaculture isis Agriculture Agriculture
• The husbandry of freshwater and marine organisms is no different than their terrestrial counterparts.
• Engineering, nutrition, health management, system and personnel management, marketing and business planning are comparable.
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Fisheries stock enhancement
Fisheries stock enhancement
Bait productionBait production
OrnamentalsOrnamentals BiomedicalBiomedical
Photograph by HBOI Photograph by HBOI
Photograph by HBOI Photograph by HBOI
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How many of How many of you eat you eat
seafood?seafood?
•Aquaculture production in North America is valued at $1.5 billion
•Aquaculture production in North America is valued at $1.5 billion
•About 40% of the seafood we eat is from aquaculture farms
•About 40% of the seafood we eat is from aquaculture farms
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Commercially Cultured Commercially Cultured Species Species
Commercially Cultured Commercially Cultured Species Species
Photograph by HBOI
CatfishCatfishTilapiaTilapiaTroutTrout
SalmonSalmon Striped BassStriped Bass
OystersOystersClamsClamsShrimpShrimp
CatfishCatfishTilapiaTilapiaTroutTrout
SalmonSalmon Striped BassStriped Bass
OystersOystersClamsClamsShrimpShrimp
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Research and Development Research and Development Species Species
Research and Development Research and Development Species Species
SnapperSnapperCobiaCobiaFlounderFlounderPompanoPompanoSturgeonSturgeonTunaTunaConchConchLobsterLobster
SnapperSnapperCobiaCobiaFlounderFlounderPompanoPompanoSturgeonSturgeonTunaTunaConchConchLobsterLobster
Photograph by HBOI
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Phases of AquaculturePhases of AquaculturePhases of AquaculturePhases of Aquaculture
BroodstocBroodstockk
ManagemeManagementnt
BroodstocBroodstockk
ManagemeManagementnt
HatcherHatcheryy
ProductiProductionon
HatcherHatcheryy
ProductiProductionon
NurseryNurseryProductionProduction
NurseryNurseryProductionProduction
Grow-outGrow-outGrow-outGrow-out
Harvest Harvest & &
MarketMarket
Harvest Harvest & &
MarketMarket
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Aquaculture SystemsAquaculture Systems
• Open–Netpens, cages, longlines, bottom
culture
• Semi-closed–Ponds, raceways, tanks
• Closed– raceways, tanks
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Aquaculture systems: OpenAquaculture systems: Open
• Organisms are reared in natural systems• No diversion or pumping of water• Floating netpens, floating racks, longlines,
on-bottom culture
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Aquaculture systems: SemiclosedAquaculture systems: Semiclosed
• Organisms are reared in manmade impoundments
• Water is diverted from natural flows or pumped
• Examples are ponds and raceways
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Aquaculture systems: Closed
• Water is reused - little or no effluent• Sophisticated water filtration and treatment• Recirculating aquaculture systems,
aquariumsPhotograph by HBOI
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Water SystemsWater Systems
• Flow-through: one time use of water
• Recirculation: reuse of water
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Aquaculture systems: Flow-throughAquaculture systems: Flow-through
PretreatmentWaterSource
RearingTank
Effluent
Photographs by HBOI
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Flow-through aquaculture systemsFlow-through aquaculture systems
Disadvantages• No environmental control• Source of contaminants, pollutants• Greater regulatory constraints
Advantages• Lower cost• Simplicity• Provides ambient food• Requires lower skill level
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Aquaculture Aquaculture systems: systems:
RecirculatingRecirculating
Pretreatment
RearingTank
WaterSource
Post treatmentEffluent
Water treatment Biofiltration Disinfection
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Recirculating aquaculture systemsRecirculating aquaculture systems
Disadvantages• Higher costs• Higher skill level• Complex system, potential problems• Must provide all feed • Buildup of toxins & pathogens
Advantages• Environmental control• Free of outside contaminants• Fewer regulatory constraints
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Methods of Cultivation Methods of Cultivation Extensive vs. IntensiveExtensive vs. Intensive
Extensive =
• Utilize natural productivity
• Low density
• No or supplemental feeds
• Low water exchange
Intensive = •Maximize production•Limited space•High density•Complete diet•High water exchange