What is a Prokaryote?. A LIVING cell that: NO Nucleus or membrane bound organelles. “Pro” =...
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Transcript of What is a Prokaryote?. A LIVING cell that: NO Nucleus or membrane bound organelles. “Pro” =...
![Page 2: What is a Prokaryote?. A LIVING cell that: NO Nucleus or membrane bound organelles. “Pro” = “No Nucleus” DOES have Cell Membrane, DNA (circular type),](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649e615503460f94b5d4b4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A LIVING cell that: NO Nucleus or membrane bound
organelles. “Pro” = “No Nucleus”
DOES have Cell Membrane, DNA (circular type), Ribosomes, Cytoplasm, and Cilia and/or Flagella
Bacteria
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What is a Eukaryote?
All Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protista Cells!!!
Have NUCLEUS and Membrane bound organelles “Eu” = “Yes Nucleus”
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What MUST all cells (Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes) have? 4 Things:
DNA Cytoplasm
Cell MembraneRibosomes
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What 3 things does a Plant cell have that an Animal cell does
NOT have?
•Cell Wall•Chloroplasts•Large Vacuole
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List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory
Cells are the basic unit of life
Cells come from existing cells
All living things are made of 1 or more cells
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Who invented the microscope and saw the first living cells in pond water and called them “wee beasties?”
Leeuwenhoek
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Who saw cork and named the chambers “Cells”?
HookeSounds like cork!
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What did Schwann say?
What did Schleiden say?
Schwann claimed that all animals are made of cells.
Think: Schwann sounds likeSwan the animal
Schleiden claimed that all plants are made of cells.
Think: Schlidin’ down the vine and vines are plants
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Who claimed that all cells must come from existing cells (reproduce)?
Virchow“Vircow”
Way to Remember:
Cows come from cows
Cells come from cells
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Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis?
Redi - Biogenesis
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Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis?
Needham – AbiogenesisHe needed more information on how to do a good experiment
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Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis?
Pasteur - Biogenesis
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What determines the shape of a cell?
The cell’s FUNCTION!
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What are the four levels of cell organization starting from the cell?
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What is it called when cells perform a specific function
for an organism? Give some examples
Cell SpecializationRed blood cells
blood cells
Nerve cellsWhite
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What is the semi-permeable, phospholipid bilayer (contains lipids and proteins) that regulates what goes in and out of a cell?
Cell Membrane
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What is the hard covering of the plant
cell called?
Cell Wall
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What does the cell wall do for a plant cell?
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What 3 things pass through the cell membrane or cell wall easily?
Diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
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What is located in the cell membrane to selectively allow things into and out of the cell?
Proteins & Protein Channels
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What is the jelly-like substance between the cell membrane and the
nucleus?
Cytoplasm
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What is the control center of the cell? NUCLEUS
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Nucleolus
What is the organelle that is inside the nucleus and makes ribosomes?
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What is the genetic material that is inside the nucleus called when it is threadlike?
Chromatin (Hint: looks like spaghetti)
What is the genetic material inside the nucleus called when it has condensed and preparing for cell division?
Chromosome
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What covers the outside of the nucleus and what are the holes called to allow ribosomes and RNA out?
Nuclear Membrane and Nuclear Pores
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What is the organelle that makes energy for the cell? What cells have it?
Mitochondria
Plant & Animal
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What makes proteins in the cell?
Hint:
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What organelle makes food by photosynthesis for the plant cell?
Chloroplasts
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What are chloroplasts, leukoplasts, and
chromoplasts called?
Plastids
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What is the large sac in a plant cell and small sac in an animal called that holds water and used for storage?
VACUOLE
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What digests and gets rid of unwanted things inside of the cell?
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What is the organelle that is a folded membrane and moves material
throughout the cell such as proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates?
Transportation of Proteins
Transportation of Lipids & Carbs
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What is the organelle that packages and wraps materials to transport out of cell?
Hint: Think of sending a gold necklace to your friend through the mail.
Golgi Bodies or Apparatus
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What are the microtubules
covering the cell like hair used for movement?
What are the microtubules that are whip-like and
used for movement?
Cilia
Flagella
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TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
The movement of molecules from an area of HIGH → LOW concentration is called ________?
________
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TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
Water movement across the cell membrane is called
_____.
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TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles across the cell membrane called that does NOT NEED ENERGY but NEEDS A PROTEIN CHANNEL?
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TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles across the cell membrane from low to high concentration called that DOES NEED ENERGY (ATP) and NEEDS A PROTEIN CHANNEL?
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
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TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles into the cell called when the particle is too big to fit through the protein channel? Hint: Enters cell
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TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles out of the cell called when the particle is too big to fit through the protein channel? Hint: Exits cell
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TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
Endocytosis and Exocytosis (moving big particles in or out of the cell) is also called _______ ________.
Bulk Transport
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When the solute concentration inside and outside of the cell is equal this is
called______ and the cell shrinks, swells, or stays the same?
Stays the same
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When the solute concentration outside the cell is higher than inside the cell it is called______ and the cell shrinks, swells,
or stays the same?
Cell Shrinks
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When the solute concentration inside the cell is higher than outside the cell it is
called______ and the cell shrinks, swells, or stays the same?
Cell Swells and could Burst
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Remember:Water moves from the low solute side to the higher solute side trying to equal the
concentrations on both sides
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Name the 3 reasons cells cannot be the size of a basketball.
1. Geometry: Volume increases faster than Surface area
2. Practical aspects: Nucleus can’t handle that big of a job.
3. Specialization: Lots of smaller cells that do the same function can work together to perform a big job.
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Be able to identify the organelles in plant and animal cells from various pictures!!!!
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Be able to identify which organelles belong to Plant, Animal, or Prokaryotic Cells !