What is a Copyright?What is a Copyright?

A property right attached to an original work or art or literature – not ideas or factsGrants creator exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, display or adapt the protected workPrevents those whom the creator has not given right to from copying, distributing or adapting the protected workThe copyright creator has the right of control over all forms of reproduction

What qualifies for CopyrightWhat qualifies for Copyright

Must be originalCreative to a minimal degreeA fixed or tangible form of expression

Examples:advertisements

catalogs/directoriescollages

journals/lettersdigital images

musicemail

How to obtain a copyrightHow to obtain a copyright

Originally had to apply for copyright protection

Law changed in 1978

Works created since 1978 assume protection whether or not

the copyright notice is attached or an application has been

filed with the U.S. Copyright Office.

All works created before 1978, the copyright lasts 75 years

from time of publication or copyright renewal.

Formal application may be made with the U.S. Copyright

office, but is not necessary

Copyright Protection and Copyright Protection and EducatorsEducators

Fair Use Copyright material can be used for educational

purposes. These purposes include:

CriticismCommentNews reportingTeaching Research

Determining Fair Use ExemptionDetermining Fair Use Exemption

Four Standards to use in determining Fair Use Exemption

1 . P urpose of use : C op ying and us ing selec ted parts of cop yrighted w orks for spec if ic educationa l purposes q ua lif ies as fair u se, espec ially if the co pies are m ade sponta ne ous ly, a re used tem porarily, an d are not pa rt of an antho log y.

2 . N ature of the w ork : For co p ying para graphs from a cop yrighte d source, fair use e as ily a pplies . For cop ying a cha pter, fair use m a y b e q ues tiona ble.

3 . P roport ion/e xtent of the m ateria l used : D u plicating excerpts that are short in re lation to the entire cop yr ig hted work or segm ents that do not reflec t the "essence " of th e work is usua lly cons idere d fair use.

4 . The effect on m arketability : If there w ill b e n o red uc tion in sales beca use of cop yin g or dis trib ution, the fair use exe m ption is likely to ap ply. This is the m os t im portant of the four tes ts for fair use (P rince ton U nivers ity).

Fair Use Chart for Teachers – Fair Use Chart for Teachers – http://home.earthlink.net/~cnew/research.htm#Fair%20Use%20Matrixhttp://home.earthlink.net/~cnew/research.htm#Fair%20Use%20Matrix

%20for%20Teachers%20for%20Teachers

W ork or M aterials to be used for E ducationa l P urpose s

Fair U se R estrictions for Face -to -Face Teaching

I l legal U se w ithout E xplicit P erm ission f rom C reator/Author

C h a pte r in a b o o k

S ing le c o py fo r te a c h er fo r re s e arc h , te a c h ing , o r c las s pre p ara tio n .

M ultip le c o p ies (on e per stud e n t p e r c la ss ) oka y if m a ter ia l is (a ) a d e q u a te ly b r ief, (b ) s p on ta n e ou s ly c op ie d , (c) in c om plia n c e w ith c u m u la tiv e e ffec t te s t.

C o p yrig h t n o tic e a nd a ttr ib u tio n re q u ire d .

M ultip le c o p ies u s e d a g ain a nd a g a in w ith o u t p e rm is s io n .

M ultip le c o p ies to cre a te a n tho log y.

M ultip le c op ies to a v o id p u rc h a s e o f te x tb o ok or c o n s u m a b le m a ter ia ls.

N e w s p a p er/m a g azine article S a m e a s a b ov e

P ro s e, s h o rt s to ry, s ho rt e s sa y, W e b a rticle

S a m e a s a b ov e.

M ultip le c o p ies o f c o m p le te w o rk o f le s s th a n 2,5 0 0 w o rd s a nd e xc erp ts up to 1 ,0 00 w o rd s o r 1 0 % o f w o rk, w h iche v e r is le s s.

F or w o rk s o f 2 ,5 0 0- 4 ,99 9 w ord s, 50 0 w ord s m a y b e c o p ie d .

S a m e a s a b ov e

P o e m

S a m e a s fo r firs t i te m .

M ultip le c o p ies allo w e d o f c om plete p oe m up to 2 50 w o rd s -- n o m o re th a n tw o p r in te d p a ge s.

M ultip le c o p ies o f up to 2 5 0 w o rds fro m lo n g e r po e m s.

S a m e a s a b ov e

A rtw o rk or g ra p h ic im a g e -

c ha rt, d ia g ra m , g ra p h , d ra w in g , c arto o n , p ic tu re fro m p eriod ic al, ne w s p a p er, o r

b oo k , W e b p a ge im a ge

S a m e a s fo r firs t i te m .

N o m o re th a n 5 im a g e s o f a n a rtis t/p ho to g ra p h er in o ne p rog ram or p r in tin g a n d n ot m o re th a n 1 0 % o r 1 5 % o f im a g es from p ub lis h e d c o lle c tive w ork, w h ic he ve r is les s .

S a m e a s firs t i te m

In c o rp o ra tio n o r altera tion in to a n othe r fo rm o r a s em b e llis h m e n t, d e c o ra tio n fo r a rtis tic p u rpo s e s fo r o th er th a n tem po rary p urp o s e s .

M otio n m e d ia -

fi lm a n d vid e o ta p e pro d uc tio ns

S ing le c o py o f u p to 3 m in u tes or 1 0 % o f th e w h o le , w h ic he ve r is les s .

S p o nta ne ity re q u ire d .

M ultip le c o p ies p ro h ib ite d . Inc o rp ora tion o r alteratio n in to a n o th e r fo rm a s e m b e llis h m e n t fo r a rtis tic p urp o se s fo r o th e r th a n tem po rary pu rp os es pro h ib ite d .

M usic

- s he e t m u sic, s o ng s, lyr ic s, o peras , m u s ica l s c o re s, c o m p a ct d is k, d isk , o r

c a s s e tte ta pe d rec o rd in gs

S ing le c o py o f u p to 1 0 % o f a m u sic al c om po s itio n in p r in t, s o un d , o r m u ltim e d ia fo rm . S a m e a s im m e d iate ly a b o v e

B ro a dc a s t p ro gra m s

S ing le c o py o f o ff- air sim ulta n e o u s b roa d c a s t m a y b e u s e d fo r a p er iod n o t to e x ce e d th e firs t 4 5 c o n s e c u tive c a le nd ar da ys a fte r re c o rd in g da te.

U s e b y o n ly in d ivid ua l te ac h e rs .

C o p yrig h t n o tic e re qu ire d .

S a m e a s im me diate ly a b ov e .

M a y n o t b e d o ne a t d ire c tion o f s up e rio r .

M a y n o t b e altere d .

Fair Use or Not?Fair Use or Not?

Showing A Bug's Life because it is raining outside?

Downloading music to have the class analyze?

Downloading a picture from Google Images to include in your

presentation or students to use in a paper?

Copying a sheets from a workbook to share with the class?

Using a short excerpt out of an article in a magazine?

Other examples

Help in Dealing with CopyrightHelp in Dealing with CopyrightTeachers don't realize that even though they are acting on

behalf of the school, they may still be liable personally.

How do you do the right thing about copyright issues?When using an image or information from a website in your presentation, put the link in your presentation.Establish a image database at your school for all to download images from that are public domain – take pictures when you go on vacationUse public domain websites for videos, images, etc.Be informed – when in doubt always contact creator or cite work

ResourcesResources

www.teachertube.com

http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/

www.globalgridforlearning.com

http://digitalsandbox.edublogs.org/production-resources/