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What does BASIC SENTENCE PATTERN mean?

Almost all basic patterns may be reduced to model sentences:Someone acts. (S - IV)Someone does something. (S - TV - DO)

Someone gives someone something. (S - TV - IO - DO)A person or thing is something. (S - LV - C)Something is done by someone. (S - PV)

As with all simplifications, this is accurate most, if not all, of thetime. As you can see, the verb is the key to each pattern.

SUBJECT - INTRANSITIVE VERB

Intransitive verbs show action but have neither a direct object nor asubstantive complement (predicate noun or adjective complement(predicate adjective following the verb.

!"ample: #oe slept.

SUBJECT - TRANSITIVE VERB - DIRECT OBJECT

$ransitive active verbs show action (%do% or possession (%have%followed by a direct object, someone or something which receivesthe verb&s action.

!"ample: #oe kicks 'ill.

SUBJECT - TRANSITIVE VERB - INDIRECT OBJECT - DIRECTOBJECT

ou need to use a synonym of the verb %give% in this pattern.!"ample: #oe gave 'ill a kick.$om handed the doctor his chart.

SUBJECT - LININ! VERB - SUBSTANTIVE CO"PLE"ENT(PREDICATE NOUN)

$he linking verb is a specific kind of verb. )sually it is a form of theverb be or a verb of the senses (feel, see, taste If the verb isfollowed by a S*, use a form of be, or become, or remain.

$!S$: $he S e+uals the S*.!"ample: #im is a doctor.

$he linking verb may also be followed by an adjective whichmodifies the subject.$!S$: ove the A* (pred. adj. to the front of the sentencebefore the subject.!"ample: #im feels good.

SUBJECT - PASSIVE VERB

$he passive verb is a transformation of the transitive activesentence. )se the following formula to form the passive verb: #o$mo# %e & the 'ast 'a$t'*e #o$m. $he active sentence changes to

a passive sentence like this:Active: #oe kicked 'ill. -assive: 'ill was kicked by #oe.

T+E SUBSTANTIVE ,UNCTION

$he word s%stant.eis used to include both nouns and noune+uivalents:

nons--common, -roper, collective'$onons--personal, indefinite, demonstrative, and the like/e$nds--verb form ending in ing and functioning as anoun

/e$nd 'h$ases--gerund / modifier / object orcomplementn#nt.es--to / present from of verbn#nt.e 'h$ases--infinitive / modifiers / object orcomplementnon *ases--dependent clauses 0it has a subject and averb introduced by a subordinating conjunction, aninterrogative or indefinite relative pronoun1adjective1adverb2functioning as a substantive in the sentence.

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NOUN CO"PLE"ENT 0 is a word or group of words that modifiesa noun.PREPOSITIONAL P+RASE3 consists of a preposition, its objectand modifiers of the object.

$he dog with black spots is 4#.

$he boy in tattered clothes looks like my cousin.

y friends on the beach are having a good time.

IN,INITIVE P+RASE consists of an infinitive, plus an object ormodifier.

other copied a recipe to guide her in her cooking.

She is the candidate to watch for.

5er lifetime dream is to seil around the world.

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE6is a dependent clause that describesnoun1pronoun.

$he books that I borrowed are mystery novels.

$he woman is wearing a red dress is my aunt.

$he store where his products are sold got robbed.

7. 89 miserable abundance,9, beggarly riches;

. ill health

?. *learly misunderstood@. 89 brawling love 9 loving hate9 heavy lightness Serious vanityisshapen chaos of well seeming formseather or lead, bright smoke, *old fire, sick healthStillwaking sleep, that is not what it is$his love feel, that feel no love in this.

9B949C a combination of words that have opposite

or very different meaning.

rom Dreek 89BS; sharp, keen / 8949S; foolish

NAA+ARA

E5!C AF9C!, $59)D5$S 9 9) FICD!4 ICS!!S FIG! $I!, !$!4CAFF !BIS$S,

!$ 4)CS 9)$.I$HS A 'FISS S9449E)FF -94$4A!E5!C F9J! *CI*AFF '!A4S 5A$4!)S$ *FICD $ID5$F $9 C9$5ICD*A)D5$ !AD!4F *9C$!C$! ' !S$ICIC S!$ A EAC!4ICD

$9 !94I!S 9 9'FIJI9C4!ICIS*! -AS$, 4!FIJ!, F9J!,$!A4 F!S5

A'9)$ $9 5!AF*5!4IS5 *)4S! 9 SE!!$ -AIC!*S$A$I* ISCH$ I$FIJ! 5A4 $9A, FIJ! F9CD !A*5 AA I E94$5 9 $5IS -!4!CCIAF AD9CK59-!, !9$I9CS, *9CS*I9)SC!SS, S!CS!S

F!$ $5!S! !-A4$94 I C9$, 4!S5 'F99 F9ES

49 F!S5 A'9)$ $9 5!AF $94C *9CS$AC$F

UN,A"ILIAR WORDS7. Finger to remain alive although gradually dying

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O. -erennial lasting or continuing throughout the entire year,as a stream

10.4eminisce to recall past e"periences, events, etc.P indulgein reminiscence.