What do you already know? Here are some questions to guide you:

What does “replication” mean?

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

Where in the cell is DNA located?

What is the function of DNA?

DNA Replication

Did You Know…

Chromosomes are made of DNA

Humans have 46 chromosomes

One chromosome can have as little as 50 million base pairs or as much as 250 million base pairs.

There’s an estimated 3 billion DNA bases in our genome.

If all the DNA in your body was put end to end, it would reach to the sun and back over 600 times !

Chromosomes!

Did You Know…

DNA contains the genes – directions for making proteins

Chimps share 98% of their genes with humans

Over 99% of our DNA sequence is the same as other humans’.

Vocabulary

DNA replicationNucleusDouble helixNucleotideNitrogen basesPhosphate and SugarMutation

DNA copies itself

Holds DNA

2 strands of DNA twisted

together

Building blocks of DNA

A, T, C, G

Make up the “backbone”

Mistakes in replication

What is DNA?

DNA is a molecule that contains all of the instructions for making new cells or organisms

Stored in the nucleus (Eukaryotes only)

Gene – segment of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA

What is DNA made of?DNA is made up of nucleotides

Nucleotides are made up of 3 parts:Sugar: deoxyribosePhosphateNitrogen base: adenine

(A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C)

What does DNA look like?

Double helix shape Two strands twisted

around each other If you unwrap all the DNA

you have in all your cells, you could reach the moon 6000 times!

Base Pairing

Adenine (A) ALWAYS pairs with Thymine (T)

Cytosine (C) ALWAYS pairs with Guanine (G)

Stop and Think

A scientist determines the percentages of each base in a molecule of DNA. The scientist discovers that 15% of the bases are adenine (A).What are the percentages of the

other bases in this DNA molecule? Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G)

15%35%35%

DNA Replication (A.K.A. DNA Synthesis)

• DNA replication is the process of making a DNA copy that is identical to the original DNA molecule.

• All cells need to make new DNA in order to make new cells

DNA ReplicationOriginal DNA strand

DNA strand unwinds and unzips(Enzyme Helicase)

Bases match up(Enzyme DNA Polymerase)

2 identical DNA strands

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35FwmiPE9tI&feature=player_embedded#t=20

Lab Bench

Group Members

1

2 Demorie, Sean, Owen

3 Aniijah, Destiny, Hana

4 Gracie, Linh, Seanna, Kate

5 Nick H., Trevor, Arthur

6 Gawen, Logan, Jermaine, Emily F.

7 Estefany, Emily B., Lillian

AB Michael, Alfredo, Gustavo