WHAT ARE THREE TYPES OF MATTER YOU ENCOUNTER EVERY DAY?

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MATTER AND CHANGE

REFERENCE SECTIONS: 2.1, 2.3

GROUP DISCUSSION:

Look around the room. Make a list of things you see. Group the items on your list based on their similarities. Explain why you grouped the items this way.

PROPERTIES OF MATTER• Matter can be described by observations made when you look at a particular

sample of matter.

• Make some observations in your notes about the

reaction taking place in the photo.

GROUP DISCUSSION:

• Is air matter?

• How do you know or not know?

• How could you find out?

EXTENSIVE PROPERTIES

• Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter in a sample.

• Think about the word extend and how it often refers to an increase in a dimension.

• What are some examples of extensive properties?

• What about mass? Volume? Length?

INTENSIVE PROPERTIES

• Intensive properties depend on the type of matter in a sample.

• Think about the prefix in- meaning “within”

• Think of some examples of intensive properties and write them in your notes.

GROUP DISCUSSION:

• Any matter that has uniform and definite composition is called a substance.

• Think of some examples of a substance and list 1-2 intensive properties and 1-2 extensive properties for each substance.

GROUP DISCUSSION:

• Why do all samples of a substance have the same intensive properties?

• Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties because every sample has the same composition.

ALL ABOUT ATOMS!

• The basic unit of a chemical element.

• Example - The element helium is made of atoms with 2 protons in the nucleus.

SUBSTANCES CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS ELEMENTS OR COMPOUNDS

• Substances can be classified as elements or compounds.

• An element is the simplest form of matter.

• Elements have a unique set of properties.

• Examples of elements?

• Compounds are substances that contain two or more elements.

• The elements in a compound are chemically combined in a fixed proportion.

• Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, but elements cannot.

• Examples of compounds?

• Sucrose – C12H22O11

GROUP DISCUSSION:

• How are atoms, elements and compounds connected?

WHAT ABOUT MOLECULES?

• Molecules are a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.

• Examples of molecules:

• Water, carbon dioxide, sulfuric acid

GROUP DISCUSSION

• What is the connection between a molecule and a compound?• A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join

together chemically.

• A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements.

• All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds.

PURE VS. IMPURE

• Pure elements or compounds contain only one substance, with no other substances mixed in.

• Have constant composition (is homogeneous)

• Has consistent properties throughout the sample

• Examples: diamonds, sucrose, sodium chloride

• Have their own unique chemical and physical properties

• Cannot be separated by physical means, only by chemical means

PURE VS. IMPURE

• Impure materials may be mixtures of elements, mixtures of compounds, or mixtures of elements and compounds.

• Making a mixture requires a physical change.

• It follows that a mixture can be separated using a physical change; such as filtration, distillation, evaporation, etc.