Westward Expansion 1801-1861 America establishes its boundaries.
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Transcript of Westward Expansion 1801-1861 America establishes its boundaries.
Westward Expansion1801-1861America establishes its boundaries
Big Ideas…Between 1801 and 1861, exploration was
encouraged as America underwent vast territorial expansion and settlement.
Westward migration was influenced by geography and economic opportunity.
Prior to the Civil War, most industrialization in America was in the North; however, the equipment produced in the North had an impact on the farming society in the South.
The abolitionists worked to end slavery.The suffrage movement helped women
gain equal rights.
Post-Revolutionary America
The Louisiana Purchase
New territories added to the United States after 1801
Louisiana Purchase Jefferson bought land from France (the
Louisiana Purchase), which doubled the size of the United States.
In the Lewis and Clark expedition, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean.
Lousiana Purchase
Other Territories Florida
Spain gave Florida to the United States through a treaty.
TexasTexas was added after it became an
independent republic. Oregon
The Oregon Territory was divided by the United States and Great Britain.
CaliforniaWar with Mexico resulted in California and the
southwest territory becoming part of the United States.
Florida, Texas, Oregon, California
Factors affecting westward expansion Geographic and economic factors that
influenced westward movement Population growth in the eastern states Availability of cheap, fertile land Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold
Rush), logging, farming, freedom (for runaway slaves)
Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and canals (Erie Canal), steamboats
Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe) Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea
that expansion was for the good of the country and was the right of the country
Important Inventions
The cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney. It increased the production of cotton and thus increased the need for slave labor to cultivate and pick the cotton.
Important Inventions
Jo Anderson (a slave) and Cyrus McCormick worked to invent the reaper. The reaper increased the productivity of the American farmer.
Famous Inventions
The steamboat was improved by Robert Fulton. It eventually provided faster river transportation that connected Southern plantations and farms to Northern industries and Western territories.
The steam locomotive provided faster land transportation.
Beliefs about Civil Rights
Abolitionist movement Most abolitionists demanded immediate freeing of
the slaves. Abolitionists believed that slavery was wrong. Morally wrong Cruel and inhumane A violation of the principles of democracy Abolitionist leaders included both men and women. Harriet Tubman William Lloyd Garrison Frederick Douglass
Harriet Tubman
Supported the secret route, or Underground Railroad, that helped escaped southern slaves to reach northern free states.
Frederick Douglass
Former Slave
Escaped slavery and became an abolitionist.
William Lloyd Garrison
Abolitionist leader
Believed that slavery was immoral and demanded that slaves be immediately freed
Beliefs about civil rightsSuffrage movement
Supporters declared that “All men and women are created equal.”
Supporters believed that women were deprived of basic rights.Denied the right to voteDenied educational opportunities, especially higher
educationDenied equal opportunities in businessLimited in rights to own property
The movement was led by strong women who began their campaign before the Civil War and continued after the war had ended.Isabel Sojourner TruthSusan B. AnthonyElizabeth Cady Stanton
Isabel Sojourner Truth
Suffragist and Abolitionist
Was born a slave and worked for equal rights for women as well as for the end of slavery
Susan B. Anthony
Supporter of the suffrage movement
Declared that women and men are entitled to the same rights in all areas of life, including the right to vote and own property
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Leader of the Suffrage Movement
Worked closely with Susan B. Anthony
Wrote The Seneca Falls Declaration
Essential Questions
What new territories became part of the United States between 1801 and 1861?
What factors influenced westward migration? How did the inventions affect the lives of
Americans? What were the main ideas expressed by the
abolitionists?What were the main ideas expressed during
the suffrage movement? Check out the following webquest:
http://www.runet.edu/~sbisset/westward.html