Western Concept Of State and Emergence Of Modern State

Presented by Mahnoor Fatima Pakiza Mushtaq Maryam Bibi

State

• According to the Bluntchli State is “the politically organized people of a definite territory”.

• A state is an organized political community within a definite territory living under a single system of government.

Evolution• Multiple factors operated in the

evolution of state of which most important were:

• Kinship• Religion• Wars• Conquests• Political consciousness• Economic needs

Continued….• Evolution of state signifies following stages:• Tribal organization• Oriental empire• Greek city states• Roman empire• Feudal state • Emergence of modern nation state

Tribal organization

• Kinship played an important role in the evolution of a politically organized society.

• Its most primitive form was the tribe, in which the chief of tribe had main authority.

• The ancient organized tribes civilizations mostly flourished on the banks of rivers.

Oriental Empire• The first political entity that was organized on

territorial basiswas Oriental Empire.• Develop your land, create great cities, raise huge

armies andfight epic wars. • Advance technology, culture and religion to create

one ofmankind’s great civilizations.• Great Oriental Empires were Iranians ,Chinese

and Sumerians.

Greek city states• After the Greek dark ages, in 4th and 5th century BC

villages started to band together, in part for protection and in part for more organized trade. They wanted strong trading centers. Groups of villages banded together were called city-states.

• Early European civilization reached at its peak in the Greek city states.

• Although each city-state had its own form of government and its own army, and each city-state certainly its own way of doing things, the city-states of ancient Greece had many things in common. But they were loyal to their city-state

• The city-states bounded together to fight outsiders. They also banded together to fight each other.

Roman Empire• The evolution of body politic in Rome was also

started with the emergence of city states.• In roman city states the form of government was

hereditary monarchy and rulers exercised absolute authority.

• The glorious period of Rome was the one known as Roman Empire .

• The whole system of Roman Empire was based on democracy and oppression in which the ruling elite was the only privileged class .

Feudal state• With the disintegration of the holy roman

empire ,the whole empire was divided into small feuds under the hegemony of different feudalists.

• The feudal system was based on knit Scio economic system and a peculiar civilization.

• The whole territory under the control of one lord was called a feud.

• .

Emergence of modern nation state• New political divisions emerged on

the basis of • Territorial nationalism ,• Introduction of new technology ,• Role of middle class ,• Popularity of democracy.