Western Civ. Intro to Islam

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Islam Brief Overview

Transcript of Western Civ. Intro to Islam

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Islam

Brief Overview

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Islam arises in Arabia in the early 600’s AD

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“There is no God but God and Muhammad is the prophet of God”

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Basic Vocabulary

• Islam- means submission or surrender – obedience – peace

•Allah - Arabic for God– the one true and ultimate

supreme being

•Abraham- patriarch of Islam– father of monotheism

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• Hagar - handmaid (Egyptian servant) of Abraham’s wife, Sara – mother of Ishmael

• Ishmael- first born son of Abraham and Hagar - associated with the Arabs - Ishmael means “God hears” - many Muslims believe that God

asked Abraham to offer Ishmael as a sacrifice rather than Isaac.

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• Muhammad - prophet of Islam-– Arabian merchant

• Mecca –birthplace of Muhammad (Saudi Arabia) – site of the kaaba and the hajj

• Medina - burial place of Muhammad

• Jerusalem - site of the Dome of the Rock - mosque built on the Jewish temple mount

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• Hajj- annual pilgrimage to Mecca

• It is one of the five pillars of Islam

• Kaaba- holiest site in Islam – located in Mecca

•associated with Abraham and the establishment of monotheism in the region of Arabia

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• Shi’a- smaller more radical group - - associated with Iran

• Sunni- largest group within Islam - – @80 %of Muslims are Sunni – More moderate in their beliefs and practices

• Jihad-”holy war” - literally means struggle - – It can refer to one’s personal struggle

with God – Or the struggle for the spread of Islam

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• Qur’an– believed to be the direct revelation of God

to the Muhammad- angelic visit by Gabriel – must be in Arabic to be fully authoritative

Qur’an means recitation - the prophet recited God’s message

and it was later written down by his followers

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•Mullah (Imam) - Islamic leader and or teacher

•Mosque - Islamic place of worship

•Minaret - prayer tower

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Pilgrims on hajj dressed in ihram

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The great mosque and kaaba in Mecca

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Saudi Arabia – royal family is the keeper of the kaaba and the holy sites of Mecca and Medina

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The kaaba

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The Five Pillars of Islam• There is no God but God and

Muhammad is the prophet of God• Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca

– the kaaba• Hajj- make the annual pilgrimage

to Mecca at least once in one’s lifetime-– the hajj- week long event

• Give to poor – 2.5% of one’s wealth

• Fast from dawn to dusk during the holy month of Ramadan

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Some Facts About Islam

• Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in world (120 million)

• Approximately 25% of the world’s population is Muslim

• @11 million Muslims live in the United States

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• Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world today

• The state of Israel is the major “flash point” between the Muslim (Arab) world and the West

• @80 % of Muslims are NOT Arabic – (do not speak Arabic- different culture) – Arab regions and countries –

•Middle East, North Africa, Iraq

– Non-Arab regions – •Parts of Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central

Asia, Indonesia, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, etc.

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Islam spread rapidly through trade and military conquest

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