WestBengal_2

Identification of Tourism Circuits across India

Interim Report

West Bengal

April – 2012

Submitted to:

Ministry of Tourism, Government of India

1, Parliament Street,

Transport Bhawan,

New Delhi - 110001

Submitted by:

2nd Floor, Ambience Corporate Tower,

Ambience Mall, NH-8,

Gurgaon, Haryana – 122 001

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 Assignment Brief ............................................................................................................... 4

1.2 Objectives of the Study ...................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Approach and Methodology ............................................................................................... 4

2. Brief on the State ....................................................................................................................... 8

2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 8

2.2 Brief History ...................................................................................................................... 9

2.3 Administrative Setup, Infrastructure Scenario and other details........................................... 9

2.4 Economic Profile ............................................................................................................. 10

2.5 Overview of the Existing Tourism Scenario...................................................................... 11

2.6 Existing Tourism Infrastructure/ Major Tourism Plans and Schemes ................................ 14

2.7 Tourism Circuits & Destinations in West Bengal .............................................................. 17

3. Initial Screening of the Circuits ................................................................................................ 21

3.1 Based on Secondary Research .......................................................................................... 21

3.2 Key Parameters ................................................................................................................ 21

3.3 Priority Circuit Details ..................................................................................................... 23

4. Stakeholders Consultation ........................................................................................................ 25

4.1 State Government, State Tour & Travel Operators and Other Representatives................... 25

4.2 Carrying Capacity Assessment ......................................................................................... 26

5. Existing Infrastructure Status of the Circuit .............................................................................. 34

5.1 Template to Evaluate Infrastructure Status/Availability between Tourist Destinations ....... 35

5.2 Infrastructure Gaps ........................................................................................................... 36

6. Project Identification, Block Cost Estimates, Implementation and Funding............................... 38

6.1 Identified Projects ............................................................................................................ 38

6.2 PPP Project Bifurcation – Detail of Public Funds and Private Investments ........................ 45

6.3 Estimated Employment Generation .................................................................................. 46

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List of Tables

Table 2: Projects and Amount Sanctioned for Tourism Projects ....................................................... 17

Table 3: UDPFI Density Limits ....................................................................................................... 29

Table 4: Physical and Ecological Indicators ..................................................................................... 30

Table 5 : Social and Demographic Indicators ................................................................................... 31

Table 6 : Political Economic Indicators ............................................................................................ 31

Table 7 : Evaluation Criterion for Physical and Ecological Indicators .............................................. 31

Table 8: West Bengal Priority Circuit Town Wise Carrying Capacity Assessment ........................... 32

Table 9: West Bengal Priority Circuit Destination Wise Carrying Capacity Assessment ................... 32

Table 10: Template to evaluate Infrastructure status/availability between Tourist Destinations ......... 35

Table 11: Project Identified, Block Cost Estimates, Implementation and Funding ............................ 38

Table 12: PPP Bifurcation – Detail of Public Funds and Private Investments ................................... 45

Table 13: Expected Employment Generation ................................................................................... 46

Table 14: Infrastructure Gap Status/Availability in the Priority Circuit ............................................. 47

List of Figures

Figure 1: Study Methodology ............................................................................................................ 5

Figure 2 : Key Demographics Features .............................................................................................. 8

Figure 3: Administrative Map of Bengal .......................................................................................... 10

Figure 4: West Bengal Priority Circuit ............................................................................................. 23

Figure 5 : Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis .................................................................. 27

Figure 6: Tourist‘s Perception of Digha ........................................................................................... 34

Figure 7: Visitor‘s Aspirations ......................................................................................................... 34

Figure 8: Various Destinations of Circuit ......................................................................................... 36

Figure 9: Circuit Details at a Glance ................................................................................................ 37

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1. Introduction

1.1 Assignment Brief

IL&FS Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (IL&FS IDC) appointed as the National Level

Consultant by Ministry of Tourism, is in the process of identifying tourism circuits across all the

States and UTs (except North-East). These circuits are proposed to be developed during the 12th

Plan,

in an integrated manner with Central Financial Assistance and appropriate involvement of State

Governments and private sector. For the first phase, the process has been started with the selection of

existing/new tourist circuits (4 in each state and 2 in Union Territories). These circuits have been

structured considering the length, duration and connectivity.

After the identification and prioritisation of these circuits in Phase I, the next step is to identify the

basic and tourism related infrastructural and promotional needs of the identified circuits, which are to

be implemented on priority basis, along with the tentative cost estimates. These projects should be

related to development of basic as well as tourism related infrastructure. Thereafter, Detailed Project

Reports (DPRs) will be prepared by the State Level Consultant for the projects identified along with

their financial projections.

1.2 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the present study are:

To identify the potential tourist circuits/destinations in the State of West Bengal

To analyse the potential and carrying capacity of the identified tourist circuits/destinations and

prioritise the same.

Assess the existing infrastructure – basic and tourism related for the circuits/destinations.

To assess the interventions for improving the quantity and quality of basic and tourism

infrastructure for prioritized circuits/destinations.

Identify infrastructural projects to be initiated by Central/State/Private sector

1.3 Approach and Methodology

Figure 1 presents a flow diagram of the approach and methodology used for the present study. Based

on primary and secondary sources, literature search and discussions with key stake holders (State

Govt and local tour & travel industry), the existing tourists‘ flow and orientation were studied. The

existing and future potential and connectivity of the destinations were studied for an initial screening

of the tourist circuits/destinations.

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Initial Screening of Tourist

Circuits

Short listing of the Circuits

Carrying Capacity Assessment

Identified Circuits along with

Priority Circuit

Detailed Infrastructure Gap

Assessment

Identification of Prospective Projects

with Block Cost Estimates

Final Report

Discussion with Department of

Tourism, representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and

other stakeholders

Based on Stakeholder Consultations

Reconnaissance survey

Secondary Research

Potential

Popularity Connectivity

Parameters Transport, Roads condition,

Access to modes of transportation,

Utilities, Accommodation, Way side amenities, Management of

tourist attractions

Figure 1: Study Methodology

After the initial screening, the circuits identified were discussed with the State Government

(Department of Tourism), representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and other stakeholders. On

the basis of these consultations, tourism circuits have been shortlisted. In order to understand existing

capacity of the shortlisted circuits as well as destinations, a detailed carrying capacity assessment has

been done. This assessment is, primarily, based on the residential and tourist population densities of

the town/cities.

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Based on above exercise, four circuits have been identified and prioritized. The circuits have been

prioritized after consultations with the stakeholders and based on the popularity, tourists‘ flow pattern

and perceived need for improvements/investments to basic and tourism infrastructure. In the present

study, the circuit with the highest priority has been taken up for detailed examination.

Thereafter, detailed infrastructure assessment of the priority circuit is undertaken. The objective of the

said assessment is to understand the significance of the mentioned sites from a tourist perspective and

to map the availability of basic and tourism related-infrastructure. Typical infrastructure being

demanded includes facilities at entry-exit points, accommodation, way-side amenities, physical &

social infrastructure, public utilities as well as health & security. This assessment is based on

reconnaissance survey done along the route, wayside and on site of the priority circuit. Following

infrastructure has been examined to assess the requirements and deficiencies:

1) Modes of Transport- airways, roadways and railways and access thereto

2) Road network

3) Utilities-power, water facility, etc

4) Accommodation

5) Way side amenities

6) Maintenance and management of built heritage/tourist attractions

On the basis of reconnaissance survey, discussions with local community and other stakeholders, gaps

have been identified. Based on these gaps as well as site potential, sustainable projects have been

proposed along with the indicative block costs. These projects proposed are intended achieve the

following two objectives:

Products and activities proposed will attract the tourist inflow and will hold the tourists in the

circuits which will provide socio-economic benefits at a larger level.

Sustainable projects will attract different investors and private players to participate in

infrastructure development which will benefit both, Government as well as private sector.

1.4 Key Findings

i. For the State of West Bengal, the following four circuits have been identified for integrated

development.

Circuit 1- Beach Tourism Circuit in Purba Medinipur: Digha – Shankarpur –

Tajpur – Junput – Mandarmani.

Circuit 2- Pilgrim Tourism Circuit: Ganga Sagar – Birbhum (Tarapeeth –

Bakreshwar – Nalhati – Fullura – Saithia – Kankalitala), Tarakeswar, Furfura Sharif.

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Circuit 3- Nature Tourism Circuit: Dooars and Darjeeling Circuit

Circuit 4: Sunderban Circuit: Gadkhali, Jharkhali, Koikhali, Frazerganj

ii. Based on the carrying capacity assessment, tourism potential and discussion with the

stakeholders, Circuit 1 has been proposed as the Priority Circuit for the State of West Bengal.

1.5 Structure of the Report

The present report, which covers the priority circuit of West Bengal, has been divided into following

sections.

Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter provides the rationale behind the assignment, aims

and key objectives of the study followed by approach and methodology adopted for the same

Chapter 2: Brief on the State: This section of the report focuses on the profile of the state,

especially in terms of infrastructure, tourism trends and key spots/sites.

Chapter 3: Initial Screening of the Circuits: This chapter is followed by sections

explaining the process of initial screening/short listing of tourism circuits which is largely

based on key parameters like tourist profile, carrying capacity, safety and sustainability,

respectively.

Chapter 4: Stakeholders Consultations and Selection of Tourist Circuits: This chapter

provides information on the Stakeholder consultations done at Centre as well as State level

and along with their respective outcome. The latter sections in this chapter also focus on the

carrying capacity analysis done for the tourist circuits.

Chapter 5: Existing Infrastructure Status of the Priority Circuit: This chapter analyses

current status of circuits (based on site study undertaken) and infrastructure gaps identified

during the site visit. Based on this, assessment of the level of adequacy of infrastructure has

been undertaken with respect to the existing infrastructure, increasing tourist inflow,

destination popularity, types of tourists and seasonality.

Chapter 6: The last chapter of the study report provides information on prospective projects

in the circuits that can be taken up for infrastructural upgradation.

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2. Brief on the State

2.1 Introduction

i. West Bengal, now proposed to be renamed

as Paschim-Banga is located in the Eastern

part of India and is the nation's fourth most

populous state. The State lies between

27o13'15" and 21

o25'24" North latitudes and

85o48'20" and 89

o53'04" East longitudes. It is

bounded on the North by Sikkim and Bhutan,

on the East by Assam and Bangladesh, on the

South by the Bay of Bengal and on the West

by Orissa, Bihar and Nepal. The State

stretches from the Himalayas in the North to

the Bay of Bengal in the South. West Bengal

adjoins three international borders viz.

Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan.

ii. The state is spread over an area of 88,752 sq. km. and a population of 80.18 million as per

2001 census. There are 19 districts, 341 blocks and 40782 villages. The State has a population

density of 903 per sq. km. (as against the national average of 312). The decadal growth rate of

the state is 17.77% (against 21.54% for the country).Salient demographic features in this

regard are presented in the following table:

Figure 2 : Key Demographics Features

Demographic Features

Population

1991 2001

Total 68077965 80176197

Male 35510633 41465985

Female 32567332 38710212

% Share in Country's Population 8.12 7.79

% share of Urban Population (India) 27.48 (25.73) 27.97 (27.82)

% share of Rural Population (India) 72.52 (74.27) 72.03 (72.18)

% share of major religious communities

(India)

Hindus 74.72 (82.00) 72.47 (80.46)

Muslims 23.61 (12.12) 25.25 (13.43)

Population Density (per Sq. Km) (India) 767 (274) 903 (324)

Decadal Growth rate (%) (India) 24.73 (23.85) 17.77 (21.34)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_population

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India_by_population

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iii. The capital and largest city of the State is Kolkata — the third-largest urban agglomeration

and the fourth-largest city in India. Siliguri, Asansol and Durgapur are key Metropolitan

cities. Other major cities and towns in West Bengal are Howrah, Raniganj, Haldia, Jalpaiguri,

Kharagpur, Burdwan, Darjeeling, Midnapore, Tamluk, Malda and Cooch Behar.

2.2 Brief History

i. Bengal has a rich cultural heritage and a glorious past. The region has played a significant

role in the Indian history, both in the ancient and medieval ages. The British first started their

colonization through the East India Company. The land has given birth to a large number of

well known philosophers, scientists, patriots, etc. such as Sri Aurobindo, Rabindranath

Tagore, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Swami Vivekananda and many others who played a

crucial role in the political as well as spiritual reformation in the nation. It has also produced

some of the most valiant and courageous freedom who sacrificed their lives in the course of

India‘s Freedom Struggle. The undivided Bengal was part of several kingdoms and dynasties

over the course of Indian history.1

ii. The early history of Bengal dates back to 3rd

century BC when it was under the rule of the

Mauryans. The Guptas then started their emperorship in the 4th and 5

th century AD. The name

Vanga was originally given to it, in the period of Pala Dynasty in 8th century AD. In the late

11th century the Muslim emperor Qutb-Din-Aibak gained victory to establish his government

and it lasted till the death of Aurangzeb in the year 1707. The British East India Company

gained control over the region following the Battle of Plassey in 1757, and the city of

Calcutta, now Kolkata, served for many years as the capital of British India.2

iii. A hotbed of the Indian independence movement through the early 20th

century, Bengal was

divided in 1947 into two separate entities: West Bengal and East Bengal, which initially

joined the new nation of Pakistan and later on became Bangladesh in 1971. Later, the state of

Cooch Behar, French enclave of Chandanagore and some parts of Bihar were added to West

Bengal.3

2.3 Administrative Setup, Infrastructure Scenario and other details

i. West Bengal is divided into nineteen districts. Each District is governed by a District

Collector/District Magistrate, appointed either by the Indian Administrative Service or the

1 http://www.westbengalonline.in/About/Profile/History/index.html 2 http://www.banglarpran.com/history/index.php 3 http://www.wbonline.in/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_populous_metropolitan_areas_in_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_agglomeration

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_populous_cities_in_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliguri

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asansol

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durgapur,_West_Bengal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_and_towns_in_West_Bengal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howrah

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raniganj

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalpaiguri

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharagpur

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burdwan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnapore

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamluk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Bazar

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooch_Behar

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Company

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_independence_movement

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_Partition_of_Bengal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Bengal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_collector

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_collector

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service

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West Bengal Civil Service. Each district is subdivided into Sub-Divisions, governed by a sub-

divisional magistrate, and again into Blocks. Blocks consist of Panchayats (village councils)

and town municipalities.

ii. West Bengal has abundant natural resources of minerals and suitable agro-climatic conditions

for agriculture, horticulture and fisheries. It also has a prosperous hinterland of mineral rich

states like Jharkhand, Bihar and Orissa. West Bengal offers excellent connectivity to the rest

of India in terms of railways, roadways, ports and airports. Major stretches of the Golden

Quadrilateral project also pass through the Northern districts of the state.

2.4 Economic Profile

i. At current prices, the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of West Bengal was about US$

76.9 billion in 2008-09. The average annual GSDP growth rate from 1999-2000 to 2008-09,

was about 11.4 per cent.4

4 www.ibef.org

Figure 3: Administrative Map of Bengal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengal_Civil_Service

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-Divisional_Magistrate

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-Divisional_Magistrate

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panchayat

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality

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ii. The natural resources, policy incentives and infrastructure in the state support investments in

major sectors such as iron and steel, biotechnology, coal, leather, jute products, tea, IT, gems

and jewellery.

iii. Climatic conditions suitable for cultivation of tea and jute have made West Bengal a major

centre for these products and related industries.

iv. West Bengal occupies a predominant position in the development of micro and small scale

enterprises. As of 2007, there were 900,419 small scale enterprises, accounting for 7 per cent

of total such units in the country. The index of industrial production (IIP) in the state stood at

216.9 in May 2010, registering a growth of 1.9 per cent over May 2009.

2.5 Overview of the Existing Tourism Scenario

2.5.1 Background

The state is endowed with all the diversities of nature and is to that extent a tourist‘s dream.

The snow capped peaks of the Himalayas, Darjeeling, referred by many as the Queen of Hill

Stations, the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway declared as a World Heritage Site, the vast tea

estates of the Dooars, the famed Royal Bengal Tiger of Sunderbans, the innumerable

historical landmarks of India‘s and Bengal‘s glorious history are all wonders for the

prospective tourists.

i. West Bengal offers the tourists an opportunity to experience long unending beaches with

gentle rolling sea lined with Casuarina forests. A number of sea resorts viz Digha,

Shankarpur, Junput, Bakkhali, Sagardwip have sprung up on the East coast of Bengal.

ii. Given the variance of the tourism sites in the State, West Bengal has something to offer

throughout the year.

2.5.2 Vision Statement for West Bengal Tourism

i. West Bengal aims to become a preferred tourism and tourism-related investment destination

by leveraging its unique geographical setting along with its various tourism-related assets. It

will develop necessary infrastructure and promote tourism in an integrated manner which will

not only bring in more investment and further the socio-economic goals of the Government,

but also ensure that all these are in conformity with the relevant acts, rules and regulations

relating to environmental protection.

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ii. The overall aim is to see that the tourism sector contributes towards improving the quality of

life of people in general.

2.5.3 Objectives of the Tourism Policy of West Bengal

i. Tourism has been declared as an Industry by the State in 1996. The Government in an effort

to promote the same has formulated a number of schemes to encourage Tourism.

ii. The West Bengal Tourism Policy 2008 lays down the broad policy and plan for the State in

the Tourism Sector.

iii. The basic objectives of the Tourism Policy, 2008 of West Bengal is as follows:

To improve the market share of West Bengal in the inbound international tourism

segment and also to have a dominant share in the domestic tourism market.

To promote responsible and sustainable tourism through the integrated development

of the infrastructure and not sporadic, stand alone and fragmented development.

To develop a portfolio of tourism products by utilizing its unique ecological,

historical, cultural, religious, wildlife, sports, shopping, health care, educational and

human assets.

To facilitate tourism by all segments, particularly the middle and lower income

tourists, by making the tourist spots in the State more easily accessible through

―single-window facility‖ at the State capital and at the district headquarters and on the

internet.

To fully tap the direct and indirect economic benefits of tourism by ―broad basing‖

tourism activities. This will be done by creating more employment opportunities and

by dispersing tourism into the hinterland which will further the socio-economic goals

of the Government.

To proactively develop partnership with the governmental and non-governmental

agencies including the private sector (Public-Private-Partnership model)(PPP) to take

advantage of complementary capital and intellectual assets to promote tourism

To increase the revenue earnings of the State and the foreign exchange reserves of the

country.

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2.5.4 Tourism Data

i. The historic trend of visitors to the State compared to the national data is provided in the

following table:

Table 1: West Bengal Tourism Data

ii. It may be seen that the State has been receiving around 3-3.7% of the domestic tourist. The

position with foreign tourists is a little improved with West Bengal accounting for over 8% of

the foreign tourists.

2.5.5 Major Tourism Destinations & Products

i. The Government of West Bengal is desirous of promoting West Bengal as an ideal tourist. It

aims at developing specialized tourism products such as:

o Pilgrimage tourism - Dakshineswar, Furfurasharif, Bandel Church, Tarapeeth,

Gutiasharif, Belurmath, Jairambati, Jai Chandipur, Tarakeseshwar, Nalhati, Kali Ghat

and other important places.

o Coastal & Beach Tourism - Digha, Sagar Islands,

Year Domestic

Tourists (Lacs)

Foreign

Tourists

(Lacs)

Total

(Lacs)

Total

Domestic

(India)

WB

Share

Total

Foreign

(India)

WB

Share

1996 44.49 1.83 46.32 1401 3.18% 50.03 3.66%

1997 45.77 1.94 47.71 1598 2.86% 55 3.53%

1998 46.45 1.95 48.4 1682 2.76% 55.4 3.52%

1999 47.03 1.99 49.02 1906 2.47% 58.3 3.41%

2000 47.37 1.98 49.35 2201 2.15% 58.9 3.36%

2001 49.43 2.84 52.27 2364 2.09% 54.4 5.22%

2002 88.44 5.29 93.73 2669 3.31% 51.6 10.25%

2003 113.01 7.05 120.06 3090 3.66% 67.1 10.51%

2004 123.80 7.76 131.56 3662 3.38% 83.6 9.28%

2005 135.67 8.96 144.63 3919 3.46% 99.5 9.01%

2006 156.00 8.86 164.86 4623 3.37% 117.5 7.54%

2007 185.80 11.54 197.34 5265 3.53% 132.7 8.70%

2008 193.14 11.33 204.47 5629 3.43% 141.12 8.03%

2009 205.28 11.8 217.08 5630 3.65% 142.12 8.30%

2010 210.72 11.92 222.64 5631 3.74% 143.12 8.33%

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o Eco tourism and wild life tourism - Sunderbans & Dooar

o Folk Tourism - Centres of Folk dance and drama across the State

o Educational Heritage & Culture Tourism - Shantiniketan, Bishnupur (Terracotta

Temples)

o Himalaya Tourism (Darjeeling & surrounding areas) - -Trekking, white water

rafting, adventure tourism

o Tea Garden tourism – Darjeeling & Dooars

o Metropolitan Tourism – In and around Kolkata and other important cities

o Cruise on the Ganga river

o Botanical Garden – Shibpur in line with Kew Gardens, London

o Agri-Horticulture Garden – Alipore

o National Museum

o Jorasanko – Home of Rabindra Nath Tagore

o Netaji Museum – Home of Subhash Chandra Bose

2.6 Existing Tourism Infrastructure/ Major Tourism Plans and Schemes

2.6.1 Existing Infrastructure5

(i) Air Connections: The Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Airport in Kolkata is an international

airport linking various global destinations by direct flights. There are two domestic terminals

i.e. Kolkata and Bagdogra. In addition, the Coochbehar airport has recently been made

operational. Kolkata airport is connected with almost all the major cities in the country.

Bagdogra airport, located in North Bengal, has direct connections with Kolkata, New Delhi

& Guwahati. The Kolkata Airport had international traffic of 1.01 million and domestic

traffic of 6.45 million in 2007-08.6 Currently, the Kolkata International Airport is being

modernized with an investment of US$ 30 million, which includes the development of a new

integrated cargo complex.

(ii) Road Connections: The state is well served with a wide network of National and State

Highways. All tourist destinations are easily accessible by road. Motor launches and

mechanized boats take tourists to the Sunderbans and Sagar Island. The total length of roads

in West Bengal is over 92,023 km. West Bengal's road density is 103.69 km per 100 sq km,

5 www.pppinindia.com/infrastructure-west-bengal.php 6 pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=41337

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higher than the national average of 74.7 km per 100 sq km. The total length of National

Highways passing through the state is 2,393 km.

(iii) Rail Connections: The total length of railway network in West Bengal is 3,681 km. Of this,

1,700 km is an electrified track. Howrah and Sealdah in Kolkata and New Jalpaiguri (near

Siliguri in North Bengal) are the major railway hubs of the state. Several important super-

fast trains connect these stations with almost all the parts of the country including north East.

The state has an excellent railway network within the state connecting almost all important

tourist destinations.

(iv) Port Infrastructure: The state of West Bengal has two modern ports – Kolkata and Haldia

which together handled 54.22 million tonnes of cargo in 2008-09. During 2008-09, Kolkata

Port ranked ‗fifth‘ amongst all Indian major ports in terms of cargo handling. Currently both

ports are being modernized and upgraded to cope with the growth in cargo. An outlay of

US$ 222.26 million has been projected in the 11th Plan for Kolkata Port Trust. The outlay

for Kolkata Dock System is in tune of US$ 45.17 million and that of Haldia Dock Complex

is US$ 83.15 million.

(v) Communication Infrastructure: Kolkata, the state capital, offers more than 580 Mbps of

international satellite connectivity through VSNL & 5 STPI Earth Stations at Kolkata,

Durgapur, Kharagpur, Haldia and Siliguri. Cable connectivity is provided through leased

BSNL lines to Mumbai & onward connectivity through submarine cables. Besides BSNL,

private players like Reliance Infocomm, Vodafone & Bharti Airtel also connect Kolkata

to the rest of the world. A submarine cable landing station is likely to be set up at Digha.

(vi) Approved Hotels: The Ministry of Tourism has adopted a system of approving and

classifying the hotels on the basis of the facilities and services provided by them. As per the

India Tourism Statistics, 2009 released by the Ministry of Tourism Government of India,

West Bengal has thirty nine approved hotels with 2796 rooms. However, there has been a

multiplying investment in hotel infrastructure and the number is set to increase significantly

over the next 2-3 years.

(vii) In addition to the above, Tourism Lodges are maintained by the West Bengal Tourism

Development Ltd at all important areas. These lodges can be booked online and have proved

to be very beneficial for ordinary tourists.

(viii) As per the above MOT Report, the State has 5 tour operators and 18 Travel Agencies.

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2.6.2 Overall Tourism Plans

(i) West Bengal is a State rich in resources which can be leveraged for tourism. As per the State

Tourism Policy, the State will focus on these assets to proactively develop different tourism

products/destinations. The tourism products/destinations to be accorded priority will be as

follows:

Nature-based Tourism: West Bengal is replete with most of the natural assets that exist in

the country, except the desert. Some of these assets are unique (eg. Sunderbans delta, tea

plantations, beaches, mountains and wildlife) and give the State a huge competitive

advantage. Tourism will be developed around these natural resources, which will include

Sunderbans Tourism, Plantation Tourism, Sea and Coastline Tourism, Mountain Tourism,

Eco and Forest Tourism, and River Tourism.

Cultural Tourism: West Bengal is the cultural capital of India. It has constantly produced

thoughts, ideas and events which have brought forth freshness and rejuvenation in the

society both in India and the world. This strength of West Bengal needs to be taken forward

with greater vigour from a tourism perspective to give tourism an unmatched strength in the

State. The specific components of Cultural Tourism which will be focused upon will include

Fairs and Festivals Tourism, Heritage Tourism, Arts and Crafts Tourism, Cuisine Tourism,

Film Tourism, Family, Relatives and Friends Tourism, and Village Tourism.

Religious Tourism: India is known for its religious places of worship. Visit to religious

destinations has been the biggest reason for travel in India, and West Bengal too has a vital

role to play in this area. Tourism products involving religious destinations will be

developed.

Contemporary Tourism: To remain competitive, West Bengal will also focus on tourism

products which are contemporary and which provide a reason for people to travel. These

would include Shopping Tourism, Convention Tourism, Leisure and Amusement Parks

Tourism, Medical Tourism, Rail Tourism, Highway Tourism, Sports Tourism, ―Know-Your-

Own State Tourism‖, Special Tourism Zones, and other tourism products.

The number of projects and amount sanctioned under the Five Year Plan for the State of West Bengal

is provided in the following table:

Page | 17

Table 2: Projects and Amount Sanctioned for Tourism Projects

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

No of Projects

Sanctioned (INR Crs)

No of Projects


No of Projects


10 37.94 7 28.37 8 22.02

Source: India Tourism Statistics 2010

2.7 Tourism Circuits & Destinations in West Bengal

2.7.1 Tourism Circuits in West Bengal

i. Some of the ongoing/proposed tourism circuits in the State are as listed below:

i. Islampur-Lalbagh-Jiagunj

ii. Western Dooars tourism circuit

iii. Ganga Heritage River Circuit

iv. Gar Mandaran - Kamarpukur - Joyrambati Circuit

v. Digha - Bakkhali - Mandarmani Circuit

vi. Tea Tourism Circuit at Dooar

vii. Beach Tourism Circuit in Purba Medinipur: Digha – Shankarpur – Tajpur – Junput –

Mandarmani.

viii. Religious & Pilgrim Tourism: Ganga Sagar – Birbhum (Tarapeeth – Bakreshwar –

Nalhati – Fullura – Saithia – Kankalitala), Tarakeswar, Pathar Chapri - Furfura

Sharif.

ix. Eco Adventure and Wild Life Tourism in North Bengal: Dooars and Darjeeling

Circuit.

x. Sundarban Circuit: Gad Khali, Dhamakhali, Diamond Harbour, Henry Island,

Bakkhali, Jharkhali, Lothian Island.

xi. Heritage tourism along River Ganga: Chandannagar – Serampore – Bandel –

Bansberia – Nabadwip - Murshidabad.

xii. Rural Tourism: Kalna- Samudragrah – Phulia – Clusters in Purulia, Bankura,

Coochbehar, Jalpaiguri.

xiii. Kolkata Circuit

Page | 18

2.7.2 Tourist Destinations in West Bengal7

Santiniketan: 136km from Kolkata, Santinikatan is the brainchild of India‘s most illustrious poet,

philosopher, painter, and philanthropist, Rabindranath Tagore. Only 3km away from Santiniketan is

Sriniketan, the rural reconstruction center, founded by the poet. Fine batik prints on textiles and

leather bags are famous products of Sriniketan.

Murshidabad: Situated 209 km North of Kolkata, Murshidabad has a tradition of handicrafts in silk,

ivory carvings and bell metal-ware. Standing right beside Bhagirathi is Nizamatkila-an Italian style

palace built by the British. Across the river among places to visit are Khusbag, the garden where

Nawabs were buried. Opposite to it is the Moti Jhil or Pearl Lake. The Hazarduari-the mansion of

thousand doors is now a museum of the Nawab dynasty‘s belongings.

Great Imambara, Moti Jhil (pearl lake) and the impressive ruins of Katra Mosque, built in 1723, and

Medina mosque are other attractions. A Jain Parasnath Temple is located at Kathgola. Another

interesting palace is Wasif Manzil with its unique collection of curios, paintings, arms and costumes.

Around Murshidabad: The Char Bangla Temple in Baranagar is quite famous. The Bhavaniswar

Temple, too, is one of the finest examples of terracotta sculpture in West Bengal. Besides the

crumbling mansions and cemeteries of the English and Dutch settlements, Behrampore is famous for

raw silk (tussar) production.

Sunderbans: Sunderbans is a marshy mangrove jungle south of Bengal and is the largest estuarine

forest in the world. This dense tropical forest, inhabited by wild animals, is the home of the legendary

Royal Bengal Tiger. The wildlife in the Sunderbans includes boars, spotted deer, and rhesus monkeys,

fishing cats, otters, civets, Salvador lizards, estuarine crocodiles and olive ridley turtles.

Nadia: Connected by bus service form Krishnanagar and Kolkata and a ferry ride across the

Bhagirathi river from Nabadwip, Mayapur is the headquarters of ISKCON. The Chandroday Temple,

set amidst a garden, is a picturesque sight. There are quite a few big and small temples also.

Nabadwip: 19km from Krishnanagar and 120km north from Kolkata, Nabadwip stands on the banks

of the Bhagirathi River. Sonargouranga, the temple with the golden statue of Sri Chaitanya, is the

most important shrine here.

7 www.westbengal.gov.in

Page | 19

Krishnanagar: 118km north from Kolkata, Krishnanagar on the banks of Jalangi River was the

residence of Maharaja Krishnachandra, a great patron of art and culture. Places worth visiting are the

Rajbari (Royal Palace) with a beautiful Durga temple in the courtyard. The Roman Catholic Church is

famous for its architectural and sculptural splendor. Others include the College Bhavan (1846), The

Public Library (1856), the Krishnanagar Academy and the Protestant Church.

Bardhaman: Scattered in and around Bardhaman are quite a few places of interest. The majestic

Curzon Gate, now know as Vijay Toran, was erected in 1903 in Lord Curzon‘s honour. One km from

the Gate is the Royal Palace. The tomb of Sher Afghan, the last of the Afghan jagirdars in

Bardhaman, is located at Pir Beharam in Kanchannagar.

Kalna: The temples at Kalna are built of bricks with intricate terracotta designs. Unique among the

temples are the ornate Palki Krishna Chanraji Temple and the Pratapeswar Temple, a 108-temple

complex dedicated to Lord Shiva.

Digha: 187km southeast of Kolkata on the coast of the Bay of Bengal, Digha is a popular beach resort

with a 6km long and hard beach. It is the only seaside resort supported by a wide variety of hotels and

private lodges. Chandaneswar, an old Shiva temple, 8km. Dariapur, 45km, famous for an ancient

temple associated with Bankimchandra‘s novel Kapal Kundala. A fish farm located 40km away at

Junput is worth visiting.

Ganga Sagar: This is the place where Gangasagar Mela, the largest fair in West Bengal, is held on

the occasion of Makar Sankranti (mid January). The fair draws lakhs of pilgrims from all over India.

Darjeeling: Facing the towering Himalayas and surrounded by high green hills covered with

coniferous forests, Darjeeling is perched, literally, on the roof of the world. The mini train, which

chugs off from New Jalpaiguri provides an exciting journey through deep jungles, rice fields, tea

gardens and pine forests. The view of the Kanchenjunga from Observatory Hill or the sun‘s play on

the highest mountain of the world, Everest can be seen from nearby Tiger Hill.

Around Darjeeling:

Kalimpong: Kalimpong (51km) is a quiet hill resort. Another retreat is Kurseong (36km); a newly

developed hill resort with a lake is Mirik. Sandakphu (58km) and nearly Phalut for high altitude treks

are places worth visiting.

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Sandakphu: Sandakphu is 59 km from Darjeeling. With 8 hours walk a day, it can be reached in 2

days from Manaybhanjang. Another spot is Phalut, 3600 mts. The view from Phalut is similar to that

from Sandakphu.

Jaldapara: Jaldapara comprises 65 km of lush panorama of mighty trees interspersed in a sea of tall

grasslands. Located 121 km from Siliguri, Jaldapara is the permanent abode of wildlife and the one-

horned Indian rhino. The sanctuaries at Gorumara and Chapramari also have forest bungalows.

Malda: 340 km from Kolkata, Malda formerly called English Bazaar, a foreign settlement dating

from 1680 is known for its delectable mangoes and the museum which houses the archaeological

finds at Gour and Pandua.

Gaur: Gaur, capital to three dynasties of ancient Bengal—the Buddhists Palas, the Hindu Senas and

the Muslim Nawabs has seen three distinct eras of glory. Historical relics of the 14th and 15

th century

Bengal particularly worth seeing are the Bara Sona Mosque, Dakhil Darwajah, Qadam Rasul Mosque,

Lattan Mosque and the ruins of the extensive fortification.

Pandua: Pandua, 18 km from Malda is known for the third largest concentration of Muslim

monuments of Bengal. Adina Masjid, built in 1369 by Sikandar Shah is one of the largest mosques in

India. Nearby is the Eklakhi Mausoleum, built at a princely cost of Rs one lakh.

Page | 21

3. Initial Screening of the Circuits

3.1 Based on Secondary Research

i. Based on discussions with the Principal Secretary, Tourism Department Government of West

Bengal, Director Tourism, Government of West Bengal, the following projects have been

identified as priority projects;

A. Beach Tourism Circuit in Purba Medinipur: Digha – Shankarpur – Tajpur – Junput –

Mandarmani.

B. Religious & Pilgrim Tourism: Ganga Sagar – Birbhum (Tarapeeth – Bakreshwar –

Nalhati – Fullura – Saithia – Kankalitala), Tarakeswar, Pathar Chapri - Furfura

Sharif.

C. Eco Adventure and Wild Life Tourism in North Bengal : Dooars and Darjeeling

Circuit.

D. Sundarban Circuit: Gad Khali, Dhamakhali, Diamond Harbour, Henry Island,

Bakkhali, Jharkhali, Lothian Island.

E. Heritage tourism along River Ganga : Chandannagar – Serampore – Bandel –

Bansberia – Nabadwip - Murshidabad.

F. Kolkata Circuit

ii. Based on the letter no. DO.416-L/PS/ (2)/12 dated 06 March, 2012 by the Principal Secretary

to Tourism Department, Government of West Bengal, the following projects have been

identified as priority projects.

Circuit 1- Beach Tourism Circuit in Purba Medinipur: Digha – Shankarpur – Tajpur –

Junput – Mandarmani.

Circuit 2- Pilgrim Tourism Circuit: Ganga Sagar – Birbhum (Tarapeeth – Bakreshwar

– Nalhati – Fullura – Saithia – Kankalitala), Tarakeswar, Furfura Sharif.

Circuit 3- Nature Tourism Circuit: Duars and Darjeeling Circuit

Circuit 4: Sunderban Circuit: Gad Khali, Jharkhali, Kohikhali, Frazer Island

3.2 Key Parameters

In line with the above discussion, further research has been done to identify and prioritise the circuits.

Realising the need, the study narrowed down to derive few key parameters on the basis of which

circuits have been put on priority basis. These key parameters have been listed below:

Page | 22

a. Tourist Profile

i. Type of tourists visiting a destination depends on the nature of destination. They can be

broadly categorized into Domestic and International tourists. This further affects the physical

and socio-economic development of a destination as spending patterns determines the related

multiplier effects. It also governs the type and scale of infrastructure required.

ii. Generally, the tourists coming to the circuits listed above are both domestic and foreigner but

domestic arrival are high due to religious place i.e. Puri, Bhubaneswar. In a primary survey

commissioned by the Ministry of Tourism in 2008-09, it was observed that in West Bengal,

the spending pattern of the tourists constitutes nearly 60% percent (66%- foreigner & 59% -

domestic) expenses on accommodation and travel/sightseeing followed by food and shopping.

According to local people, an average spending of a tourist in these sites is approximately

Rs.1000-1500/day by domestic to 2000-3000/day by foreigner.

b. Capacity & Sustainability

The carrying capacity8 assessment and sustainability of tourism in the circuits identified is an

important component of the study as it will form the basis for resource allocation and future

development. The carrying capacity assessment has been done separately for the circuits, based on

city population (resident), population density and tourist population and density (floating population).

The estimation has been done by comparing the total density with the city density norms for small,

medium and large town / cities set by Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation

Guidelines (UDPFI). Only such places have been considered that can offer a sustainable value

proposition to the tourists such that when tourism products are offered in those places, they can be

maintained as well.

c. Travel and Tour

Generally, tour operators organize trips in such a way that only popular sites can be covered in a given

period of time. This practice creates more pressure on such destinations; therefore, while selecting the

circuits, attempts have been made to promote the sites situated around these popular/saturated

destinations which are relatively less developed.

d. Safety

Tourist safety has been considered and attempts have been made not to incorporate any such

destination which is already adversely affected in terms of law and order.

8 Carrying capacity is defined as maximum number of individuals than a given environment can support without any adverse

impact on it.

Page | 23

3.3 Priority Circuit Details

Figure 4: West Bengal Priority Circuit

Digha: Digha is West Bengal's most popular sea resort and tourist spot located south west of Calcutta.

It is 187 km from Calcutta and Described as the 'Brighton of the East, Digha has a low gradient with a

shallow sand beach with gentle waves extends 7 kms in length. The beach is girdled with casuarinas

plantations along the coast enhancing the beauty of this place. The sea at Digha is calm and shallow

for about a mile from the beach making it quite safe for swimming. 9

Shankarpur: Also known for its beautiful beach, only 14 km east of Digha Shankarpur is also a

regular fishing harbor. The morning sun reflecting on the sea waves in the east, and the local fish-

boats on the coast offer excellent photographic opportunities. Shankarpur is also being developed as a

sea resort with hotels, tourist lodges and other facilities

Junput: Junput is 40 km from Digha by bus, with a change at Contai. The place offers beautiful sea-

view and lines of trees. The beach is unspoiled. Brackish water fish cultivation and research are done

here by the State Government Fisheries Department.

9 www.westbengaltourism.gov.in/

Page | 24

Tajpur: Tajpur is the latest addition in tourist map of Bengal. The prime attraction of Tajpur is its

pristine sea beach fringed with a dense forest of tamarisk trees. The beach is infested with infinite

number of red crabs whose presence makes the beach look crimson.

Mandarmani: Mandarmani is a small virgin beach on Bay of Bengal, only few km from Digha. It is

also a small fishing harbor and a fast developing tourist resort.

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4. Stakeholders Consultation

4.1 State Government, State Tour & Travel Operators and Other Representatives

Based on the letter no. DO.416-L/PS/ (2)/12 dated 06 March, 2012 by the Principal Secretary to

Tourism Department, Government of West Bengal, the following circuits/projects have been

identified:

a) Circuit 1- Beach Tourism Circuit in Purba Medinipur: Digha – Shankarpur – Tajpur – Junput

– Mandarmani

b) Circuit 2- Pilgrim Tourism Circuit: Ganga Sagar – Birbhum (Tarapeeth – Bakreshwar –

Nalhati – Fullura – Saithia – Kankalitala), Tarakeswar, Furfura Sharif

c) Circuit 3- Nature Tourism Circuit: Duars and Darjeeling Circuit

d) Circuit 4: Sunderban Circuit: Gad Khali, Jharkhali, Kohikhali, Frazer Island

Mega Tourism Park

It is proposed that the Tourism Park shall be developed at Gajoldoba (Jalpaigudi)

Gajaldoba is just 25 km south-east from Siliguri, the busy business hub and within the District of

Jalpaiguri. The area is located on the important corridor of Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and other

NE states. Bagdogra airport and New Jalpaiguri Railhead are just outskirt of the town and very

well connected to almost all major cities of India.

The place is very close to the existing popular tourist destinations of the state – Chapramari

Wildlife Sanctuary and Gorumara National Park.

It is a beautiful site providing grand view of Teesta River, Himalayan Peaks and adjoining

Baikuntapur Forest. The site has already become very popular among the local tourist and bird-

watchers for migratory birds including Brahmini ducks, bar headed goose, Poachards, Pintails,

Shovlers, mallards, black Ibis, and many species of storks, cormorants and ducks. The water body

is surrounded by dense forests of Baikunthapur. A large collection of water birds migrate from

Page | 26

Ladakh and Central Asia and spend few months here. Stay here for few hours and watch the

eternal beauty of the nature.

Main strength of this site is as follows:

Unparalleled natural beauty by the side of the barrage and the forest

Vast water reservoir of Teesta Barrage.

Availability of vast stretches of government land

Resting place for the seasonal migratory birds

Absence of any comparable product in the district

The site has tremendous potential for developing as a Mega Project site for national as well as

international tourists. The project includes development of 3 to 5 star Resorts for high budget

tourists, Lodges for mid budget tourists. There may be a Golf Course, River Sports, and Trekking

Tracks etc.

Rural Tourism

a. Purulia Rural Cluster

b. Nadia Music Cluster

4.2 Carrying Capacity Assessment

Since the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India aims to promote sustainable tourism

development it was deemed essential to establish the sustainable carrying capacity of the priority

Tourist circuit. To evaluate the carrying capacity of the circuits and destinations the following

methodology as explained below was adopted.

Tourism carrying capacity is defined as ‗the maximum number of people that may visit the tourist

destination without causing destruction of the physical, economic and socio cultural environment and

an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors‘ satisfaction.‘ (Alvin Chandy, 2009)

Assessment of TCC is based on three major indicators: Physical-Ecological, Socio-Demographic and

Political- Economic.

Physical and Ecological Indicators are based on fixed components (ecological capacity, assimilative

capacity) and flexible components (infrastructure systems like water supply, electricity,

transportation, etc).

Socio-demographic Indicators refer to social and demographic issues and importance to local

communities, as they relate to the presence and growth of tourism. Some of these can be expressed in

quantitative terms but most require suitable socio- psychological research.

Page | 27

Aggregate Peak

Density

Existing Load

Carrying Capacity

Density

Available Capacity = Carrying Capacity – Existing Load

Carrying Capacity

Resident Population

Density

Domestic Tourist

Density

Foreign Tourist

Density

Normalizing

Density

UDPFI

Density

Political-economic Indicators refer to the impacts of tourism on local economic structures, activities,

etc. including competition to other sectors.

The objective of the interventions intended by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India is to

improve the quality and quantity of tourism infrastructure at tourist destinations/circuits in a

sustainable manner. Hence, for the purposes of this report the primary focus would be on the Physical

and Ecological Indicators. It is expected that improvement in physical infrastructure at

destinations/circuits would translate into improvements in the socio-demographic and political-

economic conditions of these places.

Figure 5 : Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis

The methodology for evaluating the available carrying capacity for the tourist destinations of the

circuit is illustrated in Figure 4 and is described below:

I. Calculation of Existing Load (LEXISTING)

This is done by calculating the following:

a) Resident Population Density (βRP): This was derived by dividing the existing resident

population of the tourist town by its area in hectares (ha.)

b) Domestic Tourist Density (βDT ): This was derived as follows:

Step 1. Domestic Tourist Arrival (TD): Domestic tourist arrivals during

peak season (days) was determined.

Step 2. Domestic Tourist stay days in peak seasons (TDSP): Domestic

tourist arrival was multiplied by average number of days of tourist stay at

that tourist town.

Page | 28

TDSP = TD * Stay Average Days

Step 3. Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season

(αDSP): This was evaluated by dividing the number of tourist stay days per

season by the number of days comprising the peak season

αDSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season

Step 4. Domestic Tourist Density (βDT): This was evaluated by dividing

Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season by area of

tourist town in hectares.

βDT = αPS / Area

c) Foreign Tourist Density (βFT ): This was derived as follows:

Step 1. Foreign Tourist Arrival (TF): Foreign tourist arrivals during peak season

(days) was determined

Step 2. Tourist stay days in peak seasons (TFSP): Foreign tourist arrival was

multiplied by average number of day of stay for tourist at that tourist town.

TFSP = TF * Stay Average Days

Step 3. Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season (αFSP):

This was evaluated by dividing the number of tourist stay days per season by the

number of days comprising the peak season.

αFSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season

Step 4. Foreign Tourist Density: This was evaluated by diving Average number of

tourist staying per day during peak season by area of tourist town in hectares.

ΒFT = αPS / Area

Aggregate Peak Density (APD) = Resident Population Density + Domestic Tourist Density +Foreign

Tourist Density

APD = βRP + βDT + βFT

Existing Load (LEXISTING) = Aggregate Peak Density * Area of the town

LEXISTING = APD * Area

II. Estimation of Carrying Capacity (CC)

Page | 29

a) UDPFI Density (DUDPFI): The Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation

Guidelines (UDPFI, 1996) guidelines classifies the towns on the basis of population as

mentioned in Table below:

Table 3: UDPFI Density Limits

Towns Population Upper Limit Density (PPH)

Small Town Less than 50000 125

Medium Town 50000 - 500000 150

Large City More than 500000 150

Metro Cities 175

Small Hill Town 20000 75

Medium Hill Town 20000-80000 90

Large Hill Town More than 80000 90

Source: UDPFI Guidelines, 1996

The densities suggested by the UDPFI guidelines as shown in Table 4 are for the standard cases.

Tourist towns which vary from highly eco-sensitive sanctuaries to highly dense pilgrimage places

have specific characteristics and carrying capacities. Thus, UDPFI densities need to be adjusted to

account for these factors, which is done with the help of Normalizing Density (№)

Normalizing Density (№)

Normalizing density is evaluated as follows:

i. Sites were evaluated on a normalizing index (Ni) of range -10 to +10

Negative Indices were adopted for sites where densities were to be allowed on a conservative scale

(i.e. for example places which are ecologically sensitive). Positive Indices were adopted for sites

where densities were to be allowed at higher values than prevailing such as pilgrimage towns etc.

ii. The values of the indices were evaluated based on a qualitative assessment with respect to the

Physical – Ecological indicators. The indicators which were assessed for the category wise tourist

places are summarized in Table below:

Page | 30

Table 4: Physical and Ecological Indicators

Physical –

Ecological

Indicators

Thematic Areas

Coastal

Area

Islands Protected

Areas

Rural

Areas

Mountain

Resorts

Urban,

Historic

Pilgrimage

Place

Biodiversity

Air Quality

Noise Pollution

Availability of Power

Water

Waste Management

Cultural heritage

Tourist infrastructure

Land Availability

Quality of Transport

Infrastructure

Source: Countries, E.(Dec,2001),Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in

European Tourism Destinations, Athens.

Normalizing Density (№) is calculated by multiplying a factor of 10pph by the Normalizing index.

Normalizing Density (№) = 10* Ni

(The value of 10pph was derived by establishing the boundary conditions of lower and upper

sustainable densities for tourist towns of the relevant categories. To establish the lower limit,

reference was made to the capacity norms cited by World Tourism Organization WTO (Inskeep,

1991). The upper limit was established by determining the densities for saturated tourist towns.)

The Normalizing index (Ni) was evaluated as follows: Each of the applicable indicators for the

corresponding thematic area (to which the tourist destination/circuits belong) was ranked on a scale of

0-10. The average of the indicators would give the value of the Normalizing index (Ni).

Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) was calculated by summing up the Upper Limit of the relevant

UDPFI density with the Normalizing Density.

Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) = DUDPFI + №

Carrying Capacity (CC) is calculated by multiplying the carrying capacity density with the Area of

the respective town in hectares.

Carrying Capacity (CC) = CCD * Area of Town

Available Capacity is finally evaluated by finding the difference between the Carrying Capacity of

the tourist town and the Existing Load in the town.

Page | 31

Table 5 : Social and Demographic Indicators

Social

Demographic

Indicators

Thematic Areas

Coastal

Area

Islands Protected

Areas

Rural

Areas

Mountain

Resorts

Urban &

Historic

Pilgrimage

Place

Demography

Tourist Flows

Social & Behavioral

Aspects

Health & Hygiene

Safety

Source: Countries, E. (Dec, 2001), Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in

European Tourism Destinations, Athens.

Table 6 : Political Economic Indicators

Political -Economic

Indicators

Thematic Areas

Coastal

Area

Islands Protected

Areas

Rural Areas Mountain

Resorts

Urban &

Historic

Pilgrimage

Place

Tourism Earnings and

Investment

Employment

Public Expenditure

and Revenue

Source: Countries, E. (Dec, 2001), Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in

European Tourism Destination, Athens.

Table 7 : Evaluation Criterion for Physical and Ecological Indicators

Physical – Ecological

Indicators

Evaluation Criterion

Biodiversity Threatened species, Protected areas as a % of territory and type of ecosystem

Air Quality Population exposure to air pollution - Sox & Nox emission intensities

Noise Pollution Sensitivity to noise pollutions. Allowable decibels limit if specified.

Availability of Power Hours of regular power supply from all energy sources.

Water Intensity of Use of water resources. Drinking water availability @135lpcd.

Waste Management Generation of waste, Movement of hazardous waste, Availability of waste management

system

Cultural & Heritage Listed Buildings and scheduled ancient monuments at risk.

No. of community heritage groups active.

Cultural traditions and communities which are at a risk of getting extinct.

Tourist infrastructure Availability of tourist infrastructure such as on site accommodation, wayside amenities,

signages, restaurants, public convenience, petrol pumps etc.

Available Capacity = Carrying Capacity (CC) - Existing Load (LEXISTING)

Page | 32

Physical – Ecological

Indicators

Evaluation Criterion

Land Availability Area of Land available for tourism development.

Quality of Transport

Infrastructure

Inter and Intra city transport connectivity in tourist towns. Availability of Last Mile

connectivity.

Source: White V., M. G. (2006). Indicators of Sustainability and Sustainable Tourism: Some Example Sets. Aberdeen: The Macaulay Institute.

4.2.1 Town wise Carrying Capacity Assessment

Table 8: West Bengal Priority Circuit Town Wise Carrying Capacity Assessment

Tourist Town

Existing Load Carrying

Capacity

Available

Capacity Estimated Load

Available

Capacity

2010 2020

New Digha 11917 14480 2563 29862 -15382

Shankarpur 7942 26480 18538 18164 8316

Tajpur 7654 9680 2026 9632 48

Mandarmani 7450 31200 23750 10739 20461

Junput 89499 114400 24901 103425 10975

4.2.2 Destination wise Carrying Capacity Assessment

Table 9: West Bengal Priority Circuit Destination Wise Carrying Capacity Assessment

Destination

Existing

Daily

Load

2010

Carrying

Capacity

Available

Daily

capacity

2010

Estimated

Daily

Load

2020

Available

Daily

capacity

2020

Measure Enhanced

Capacity

Digha Beach 8250 3000 -750 26506 -12164

Setting up of

Amusement

Park, Art and

Culture Village

and Water

Sports etc will

enhance the

carrying capcity

of Digha by

13200 persons

1036

Shankarpur Beach 1111 4000 8889 3570 4115 - 4115

Tajpur Beach 417 2500 5833 1339 3143 - 3143

Manadarmani Beach 1021 3500 7729 3280 3501 - 3501

Junput Beach 111 2500 6139 357 3772 - 3772

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There is available capacity to hold the tourists at the destinations of priority circuit of West Bengal

till 2020 apart from Digha Beach which does not have capacity to hold the tourist even in 2010.

Thus, to take away the excess load from Digha Beach to avoid undue stress and degradation some

measures have been proposed. Proposals of an Amusement Park, Art and Culture, water sports

activity etc can carry a load of 13,200 persons per day thereby reducing such load from Digha. To

reduce the load on Digha, beaches located nearby in the circuit should also be promoted as each of

them has sufficient available carrying capacities.

Page | 34

5. Existing Infrastructure Status of the Circuit

i. A survey has been conducted by the Government of West Bengal to understand the

perception of the tourist. The findings of the same has been summarised in the following

graphs:

Figure 6: Tourist‘s Perception of Digha

Figure 7: Visitor‘s Aspirations

Page | 35

A detailed assessment of tourism infrastructure between major points has been discussed below in

order to ascertain the existing infrastructure available at the locations and enroute to these

destinations. Each of the destinations presented below has been rated on a scale of A, B, C, D and E

wherein, A denotes ‗Very Good‘, B denotes ‗Good‘, C denotes ‗Fair‘, D denotes ‗Poor‘ and E ‗very

poor‘.

5.1 Template to Evaluate Infrastructure Status/Availability between Tourist Destinations

Table 10: Template to evaluate Infrastructure status/availability between Tourist Destinations

Route

Destination

Enroute/Onsite Parameters Components Rating Remarks

Enroute Distance in km

Approach Road Quality (A-E)

Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled)

Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)

Lanes

Riding Quality (A-E)

Transport Modes Used by tourists

(more specific to transport

access to tourist

destinations from various

parts of city)

Availability (A-E)

Wayside Amenities Restaurants availability

Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability

Public Convenience availability

Direction Signages (Inside

the city to directing the

tourist destinations)

Sufficiency (A-E)

Languages

On Site Land ownership of the Site N.A

City/Town

Accommodation

Type

Capacity

Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-E)

Drinking Water facility Availability (A-E)

Quality(A-E)

Solid Waste Management A-E

Electricity Supply (AC, Gen)

Parking Sufficiency (A-E)

Availability of Land for future parking

Area of this land (approx)

Page | 36

Route

Destination

Enroute/Onsite Parameters Components Rating Remarks

Tourist Information

Centers

Available(Y/N)

Quality (A-E)

Trained Guides Availability (A-E)

Information Signages Sufficiency (A-E)

Languages

Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-E)

Quality (A-E)

Public Convenience Availability (A-E)

Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E)

Quality (A-E)

Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-E)

Quality (A-E)

Site Specific

Comments

5.2 Infrastructure Gaps

Brief description of infrastructure gaps on various destinations are discussed below, while details are

annexed in Annexure-I.

Figure 8: Various Destinations of Circuit

Page | 37

Figure 9: Circuit Details at a Glance

Page | 38

6. Project Identification, Block Cost Estimates, Implementation and Funding

6.1 Identified Projects

Below mentioned are the projects identified in the priority circuit along with the respective block cost

estimates, implementation agency and source of funding in West Bengal.

Table 11: Project Identified, Block Cost Estimates, Implementation and Funding

Destination Proposed Project

Indicative

Cost (Rs.

Cr.)

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding Existing Schemes

Digha

Area Lighting 1.5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public Product/infrastructure

Development for

Destinations and Circuits (PIDDC),

MoT, GoI

Information

signages at beach

0.5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Tourist

Information Center

(2 Nos)

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Jetty Development

(2 Nos)

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Improvement of Bus Terminal

5 Govt. Of West Bengal

Public PIDDC

Amusement Park 30 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP Scheme of Assistance

for Large Revenue

Generating Project (LRG), MoT, GoI

Art & Culture

Village

10 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP LRG

Tourism Resorts 30 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP/ LRG

Tented

Accommodation

5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP LRG

Life-guards Watch Tower and security

cabin on beach (2

nos.)

0.4 Govt. Of West Bengal

Public PIDDC

Page | 39


Indicative

Cost (Rs.

Cr.)

Implementing

Agency

Mode of


Drinking water

facilities (5 nos.)

0.25 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Public convenience

& changing room

0.5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Improvement of

Internal Roads

5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Solid Waste

Management

0.4 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Budget Hotel (70 Rooms)


PPP LRG (revised scheme)

Ropeway for 4/5

Kms

25 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP LRG

Water Treatment Plant and

Distribution (3

MLD)


Public UIDSSMT

Sewerage Treatment Plant (2

MLD) with

distribution


Public UIDSSMT

Helipad at Digha 0.6 Govt. Of West Bengal

Public PIDDC

Water/ Adventure

Sports

3 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP PIDDC

Landscaping and Beautification


Public PIDDC

Development of

Health Center

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Development of

Parking Facilities

1 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Upgradation of 5 Govt. Of West Public PIDDC

Page | 40


Indicative

Cost (Rs.

Cr.)

Implementing

Agency

Mode of


Fishing

Infrastructure

Hospitality Management

Institute

Bengal

Beach Cleaning

Equipment

0.4 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Way Side

Amenities

0.1 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Shankarpur

Budget Resort(70

Rooms)

11 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP LRG (revised

scheme)

Tourist

Information Center (2 Nos)

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Public convenience

& changing room

0.4 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Theme Based

Fishing Restaurant

5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Jetty Development (2 Nos)


Public PIDDC

Water Treatment

Plant and

Distribution (3 MLD)

3 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Sewerage

Treatment Plant (2 MLD) with

distribution

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Solid Waste

Management

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Information signages at beach


Public PIDDC

Bus Terminal

about 5 Acres

10 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Page | 41


Indicative

Cost (Rs.

Cr.)

Implementing

Agency

Mode of


Approach Road

development for 6

Kms

3 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Tourism

Promotional Programmes and

training of guides

5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public Scheme for

organizing fair & festival and tourism

related event, MoT,

GoI

Landscaping and

Beautification

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Shopping Kiosks 0.5 Govt. Of West Bengal

PPP PIDDC

Beach Cleaning

Equipment

0.4 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Way Side Amenities


Public PIDDC

Tajpur

Internal Road

Development

5

Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Water Treatment

Plant and


3 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Sewerage

Treatment Plant (2

MLD) with distribution

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Solid Waste

Management

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Police Out Post 0.1 Govt. Of West Bengal

Public PIDDC

Page | 42


Indicative

Cost (Rs.

Cr.)

Implementing

Agency

Mode of


Landscaping and

Beautification

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Development of

Health Center

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Tourist

Information Center

(2 Nos)

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

High End Resort

(40 Rooms)

12 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP LRG (revised

scheme)

Eco Tourism Park 20 Govt. Of West Bengal

PPP PIDDC

Parking Facilities 2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Yoga Therapy Center


PPP PIDDC

Information

signages at beach

0.5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Shopping Kiosks 0.5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP PIDDC

Beach Cleaning Equipment


Public PIDDC

Public convenience

& changing room

0.4 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Way Side Amenities


Public PIDDC

Junput

Approach Road

development for 6

Kms

3 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Luxury Resort (20

rooms)

6 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP LRG (revised

scheme)

Page | 43


Indicative

Cost (Rs.

Cr.)

Implementing

Agency

Mode of


Water Treatment

Plant and


3 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Sewerage

Treatment Plant (2


2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Solid Waste

Management

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Tourist Information Center

(2 Nos)


Public PIDDC

Landscaping and

Beautification

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Shopping Kiosks 0.5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

PPP PIDDC

Bio Diversity Park 10 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Beach Cleaning

Equipment

0.4 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Public convenience & changing room


Public PIDDC / UIDSSMT

Way Side

Amenities

0.1 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Mandarmoni

Shopping Kiosks 0.5 Govt. Of West Bengal

PPP PIDDC

Water Treatment

Plant and


3 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Sewerage

Treatment Plant (2


2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Page | 44


Indicative

Cost (Rs.

Cr.)

Implementing

Agency

Mode of


Solid Waste

Management

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Tourist

Information Center (2 Nos)

0.2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Landscaping and

Beautification

2 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

2 Lane Approach

Road from Chalkhola around

15 Kms

2.5 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public UIDSSMT

Beach Cleaning

Equipment

0.4 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Public convenience & changing room

at Ramchandi

temple (2 nos.)


Public PIDDC

Water Sports Activity


PPP LRG

Way Side

Amenities

0.1 Govt. Of West

Bengal

Public PIDDC

Total INR 297.75 Crores

Total Project Cost is INR 297.75 crores out of which Project to be undertaken under the PPP mode is

INR 174 Crores and through Public funds is INR 123.75 crores.

Page | 45

6.2 PPP Project Bifurcation – Detail of Public Funds and Private Investments

The Table below shows the PPP bifurcations of the projects identified in the priority circuit.

Table 12: PPP Bifurcation – Detail of Public Funds and Private Investments

Destination Proposed

Project

Indicativ

e Cost

(Rs. Cr.)

Implementin

g Agency Existing Schemes

Public

Funds

(INR

Crores)

Private

Investmen

ts (INR

Crores)

Digha

Amusement Park 30 Govt. Of

West Bengal

Scheme of

Assistance for

Large Revenue

Generating Project

(LRG), MoT, GoI

7.5 22.5

Art & Culture

Village 10

Govt. Of

West Bengal LRG 2.5 7.5

Tourism Resorts 30 Govt. Of


Tented Accommodation

5 Govt. Of


Budget Hotel (70

Rooms) 11

Govt. Of


Ropeway for 4/5

Kms 25

Govt. Of


Water/

Adventure Sports 3

Govt. Of

West Bengal PIDDC 0.75 2.25

Shankarpu

r

Budget Resort(70

Rooms) 11

Govt. Of


Shopping Kiosks 0.5 Govt. Of


Tajpur

High End Resort (40 Rooms)

12 Govt. Of

West Bengal LRG 3 9

Eco Tourism

Park 20

Govt. Of

West Bengal PIDDC 5 15

Yoga Therapy

Center 5

Govt. Of




Page | 46

Destination Proposed

Project

Indicativ

e Cost

(Rs. Cr.)

Implementin

g Agency Existing Schemes

Public

Funds

(INR

Crores)

Private

Investmen

ts (INR

Crores)

Junput

Luxury Resort

(20 rooms) 6

Govt. Of




Mandorma

ni



Water Sports Activity

4 Govt. Of

West Bengal PIDDC 1 3

Total 43.5 130.5

6.3 Estimated Employment Generation

The proposed investments at tourist destinations and circuit are expected to generate employment.

These employment figures have been estimated because of the direct and indirect nature of

employment generation from these investments. To estimate the number of employment generated an

investment multiplier of 76 jobs per million investments is taken.

Table 13: Expected Employment Generation

Expected Employment Generation

Digha 113763

Shankarpur 41574

Tajpur 43212

Junput 21762

Mandormani 11934

Total 232245

Page | 47

Annexure 1

Table 14: Infrastructure Gap Status/Availability in the Priority Circuit

Route SH 4 SH 4 SH 4

Destination/Site Digha Shankarpur Tajpur

Enroute

/Onsite

Parameters Components Rating Remarks Rating Remarks Rating Remarks

Enroute Distance in km

from Kolkata

195 190 170

Enroute Approach Road Quality (A-E) C The main approach is

fairly SH connecting

to Digha which is

also well connected from Kolkata.

C D

Type of Road

(metalled,

unmetalled)

Village Road

Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

SH Village Road Village Road

Lanes 2 Lane State

Highway connecting

to the location

2 Lane State Highway

connecting to the

location

1 Lane road

Riding Quality (A-

E)

C C C

Enroute Transport Modes Used by

tourists

C Local bus is available

upto Digha from

Kolkata

C Local bus is

available upto

Digha from Kolkata

Taxi & Auto

rickshaws, Buses

Local bus is

available upto

Digha from

Kolkata

(more specific

to transport

access to tourist

destinations

from various

parts of city)

Availability (A-E) B B C

Page | 48



Enroute

/Onsite


Enroute Wayside

Amenities

Restaurants

availability

C C Way Side amenities

needs to be

developped

Not available Need for way

side amenities

Petrol Pump/

Service Centre

availability

B B

Public Convenience

availability

D C

Enroute Direction

Signages

Sufficiency (A-E) B B C

(Inside the city

to directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages English and Bengali English and Bengali English and Bengali

On Site Land ownership

of the Site

Govt. Land Govt. Land Govt. Land

City/Town Accommodation Type Tourism Dept & U D

Dept. is having

accommodation

facilities. Large

number of Private Hotels are available

Private accommodation

is available

Very few

accommodation

facilities available

Capacity

Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-E)

Page | 49



Enroute

/Onsite


On Site Drinking Water

facility

Availability (A-E) B B C Need additional

drinking water

facilities

Quality(A-E)

On Site Solid Waste

Management

A-E No solid waste

management

World Bank

Assistance project is

being under

consideration

No solid waste

management

World Bank

Assistance project

is being under

consideration

No solid waste

management

World Bank

Assistance

project is being

under

consideration

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) B B E

On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-E) C Parking need to be

developed

C Parking need to be

developed

No Parking near site small Parking

near museum Availability of

Land for future

parking

Area of this land

(approx)

On Site/or

in City

Tourist

Information

Centers

Available (Y/N) Y Available at Digha N N need of

equipped

information

centre

Quality (A-E) B B

Page | 50



Enroute

/Onsite


Trained Guides Availability (A-E) C C no guide

On Site Information

Signages

Sufficiency (A-E) B B D

Languages English & Bengali English & Bengali English & Bengali

On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-E) B D Seating

arrangements needs

to be developped

D Seating

arrangements

needs to be

developed Quality (A-E) D D

On Site Public

Convenience

Availability (A-E) B Need for Public

Convenience facility

D Need for Public

Convenience

facility

D Need for Public

Convenience

facility

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) A Site is under process

of development

B D

Quality (A-E) B C D

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-E) B Requirement for

more street lighting

B Requirement for

more street lighting

C Required to

develop street

lighting in all

areas

Page | 51



Enroute

/Onsite


Quality (A-E) B B B

Page | 52

Route SH 4 SH 4

Destination/Site Junput Mandarmoni

Enroute

/Onsite

Parameters Components Rating Remarks Rating Remarks

Enroute Distance in km from

Kolkata

145 166

Enroute Approach Road Quality (A-E) B C

Type of Road (metalled, unmetalled) Village Road Village Road

Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) Village Road Village Road

Lanes 1 Lane road single lane

Riding Quality (A-E) B C

Enroute Transport Modes Used by tourists Taxi & Auto rickshaws,

Buses

Taxi & Auto rickshaws,

Buses

(more specific to transport

access to tourist

destinations from various

parts of city)

Availability (A-E) B B

Enroute Wayside Amenities Restaurants availability Not available Not available

Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability

Page | 53

Route SH 4 SH 4


Enroute

/Onsite


Public Convenience availability

Enroute Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-E) D D

(Inside the city to directing

the tourist destinations)

Languages English and Bengali English and Bengali

On Site Land ownership of the Site Govt. Land Govt. Land

City/Town Accommodation Type Very few

accommodation facilities

available

Very few

accommodation facilities

available

Capacity

Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-E)

On Site Drinking Water facility Availability (A-E) C Need additional

drinking water

facilities

C Need additional drinking

water facilities

Quality(A-E)

Page | 54

Route SH 4 SH 4


Enroute

/Onsite


On Site Solid Waste Management A-E No solid waste

management

World Bank

Assistance project

is being under

consideration

No solid waste

management

World Bank Assistance

project is being under

consideration

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) E E

On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-E) No organized parking Need for proper

parking

D Need for proper parking

Availability of Land for future parking Land is available with

temple

Area of this land (approx)

On Site/or

in City

Tourist Information

Centers

Available (Y/N) N need of equipped

information centre

N need of equipped

information centre

Quality (A-E)

Trained Guides Availability (A-E) no guide no guide

On Site Information Signages Sufficiency (A-E) D D

Languages English & Bengali English & Bengali

Page | 55

Route SH 4 SH 4


Enroute

/Onsite


On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-E) D Seating

arrangements

needs to be

developped

D Seating arrangements needs

to be developped

Quality (A-E)

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-E) D D Need for improved Public

Convenience facility

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) D D

Quality (A-E) D D

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-E) C C

Quality (A-E) B B

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