Welcome to Unit 1 Seminar! 1. Where Are You? 2 Pennsylvania 3.

Welcome to Unit 1 Seminar!

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Where Are You?

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Pennsylvania

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Pennsylvania

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Kaplan Flex Seminar

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Flex SeminarsOption 1

•Purpose•Conduct in Live Seminar•Seminars are recorded•Option to attend different instructors

Option 2•Review of taped seminar•Takes place of attending live seminar•Tougher grading criteria•Minimum 200-250 words per question

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Diseases of the Human Body Syllabus

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Syllabus• Located in document sharing• Read it well• All grading criteria is listed• Expectations are clear• Make note of due dates

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Instant MessagingAIM CindyBalevre

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Projects

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Announcements• Updates• Unit reviews• Projects • Facts and resources• Keeping you informed• Please check daily/regularly

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Discussion Boards

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Discussion Boards• Post by Saturday• Respond to 2 or more fellow students by Tuesday • Total of 3 separate days • Don’t forget to check spelling• Stay on topic; do not stray• At least 100 words for initial post• At least 75 words for responses to classmates.

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Posting Early

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Grading

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Where Can You Find Me?

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Late policies!EVERYTHING IS DUE TUESDAY NIGHT AT 11:59 PM

See syllabus for attendance policySee syllabus for late work policy

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Plagiarism

Copyright © 2005 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 18

APA/Reference• Assignments/Projects• Must be submitted in Microsoft Word• Plagiarism• See syllabus• See Kaplan University Catalog• See www.APA.org• Reference anything that is not YOUR OWN • Kaplan’s writing center is awesome for follow up• Also Kaplan’s library• http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/

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Success

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Participation

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Chapter 1Mechanisms of Disease, Diagnosis, and TreatmentChapter 2 Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders


Copyright © 2005 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 23

Pathology at First Glance

Homeostasis: internal stability of the body

Pathology: abnormal condition causing measurable changes in structure and function

Pathogenesis: development of disease in stages


Pathology at First Glance (cont’d.)

Systemic health: Internal equilibrium

Disease state: Inability to adapt to internal/external stressors or challenges

Syndrome: Defined collection of signs and symptoms that characterize a condition



Signs• Abnormal objective findings• Examples: redness, swelling, purulent discharge,

fever

Symptoms• Subjective patient reports• Examples: difficulty swallowing, pain, fatigue,

headache



Acute Illness• onset is usually abrupt • symptoms present themselves over hours to days• duration brief (<6 months)

Chronic Illness• onset is slower• symptoms persist from acute/subacute phases• duration indefinite (> 6 months)


Mechanisms of Disease

Genetic Diseases

Genetic mutations: changes in the genetic code that:– are passed from one generation to the next– may occur spontaneously– may be caused by agents that disrupt the normal

DNA sequence


Developmental Characteristics

• Developmental Process– Fertilization and Conception– Prenatal stages • embryonic – initial 2 months of gestation• fetal – remainder of gestation until birth

Perinatal: during the birth processPostnatal (neonatal): up to one month after

birth


Congenital Anomalies

• Abnormal developmental process– Causes: genetic, non-genetic, or both– Results: physical or mental defects– May be present at birth, diagnosed later– Often occur in multiple


Methods of Prenatal Diagnosis

Amniocentesis– Take amniotic fluid sample between 15 and 18

weeks gestation.– Test cells for chromosomal abnormalities or

presence of abnormal substances.

Ultrasound– Identify spine and skull abnormalities in early

pregnancy.


Prematurity• Birth before 37 weeks gestation• Low weight (less than 5 pounds, 8

ounces)• Incomplete development of organ

systems • Leading cause of death in neonatal

period • High-risk infants

Case Study• Sarah, age 68, was recently widowed after 40

years of marriage. She reports that since her husband died she has started to smoke again. She also reports difficulty sleeping, more pain from her rheumatoid arthritis, and episodes of shortness of breath. She begins to cry when asked about her usual daily activities and hobbies. She has stopped taking her blood pressure medication over the last month and avoids discussing her financial status. What risk factors are present that may predispose her to an altered health status?


Case Study• The physician has just given Linda a new

prescription for relief of her arthritis pain. She has many questions about the medication and how it may affect her. What information should be included in her patient teaching and who should conduct the patient teaching?


Case Study• Advances in technology may help infants

with early gestational age and/or low birth weight survive. Good prenatal care improves their chances, but there are still risks for infants born prematurely. How would you describe, under the direction of the physician, the health risks and special care ‑challenges preterm infants face that would help expectant parents understand the importance of good prenatal care?


Case Study• • You have never been immunized for varicella

(chickenpox), and you cannot remember having the disease as a child. You are assigned to work in a pediatric clinic today and have been asked to take a 6 year old to ‑ ‑an examination room. The child has had fever, headache, and chest rash for two days. What should you do?


Case Study• You are asked to place an HIV

positive patient in an exam room and obtain vital signs. The patient brings into the exam room a requested urine specimen. What infection control precautions should you be using in this situation?


Questions?


Welcome to Unit 1 Seminar! 1. Where Are You? 2 Pennsylvania 3.

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