Welcome to SCIE 0910

Why do we study science?

1. Need a basic understanding of science

2. Difference between science and technology

Science = process to understand and explain the natural world

Technology = application of scientific principles

3. Helps us to make informed decisions

4. Using the Scientific Method to approach a problem and find a reasonable solution.

To be successful in the study of science; you must….

1. Identify and locate information to be learned

2. Organize the information so it can be learned efficiently and effectively

3. Interpret the spoken, written and symbolic language of science

4. Use and apply the information you have learned.

The Learning Pyramid

Listen

Read

Audiovisual

Demonstration

Discussion group

Practice by doing

Teach others or immediate use

Lecture

Lecture

Lecture & Lab

Lab

Lab

Study Sessions

Study Sessions

Study

Sessions

Why SCIE 0910?

• To introduce you to skills that will make you more successful in future science classes

• Chemistry• Biology• Physics

Review of Math Principles

Addition

• Sum of 2 or more numbers called addends

2 + 4 = 4 + 2

Addition of numbers w/different signs (a good understanding is needed when we work with numbers

expressed in Scientific Notation)

4 + 2 = 6

-4 + (- 2)= -6

-4 + 2 = -2

Combine numbers w/same sign 4 + (-5) + (-3) + 7 +(-9) =

(-5) + (-3) + (-9) = -17 4 + 7 = 11

Finish the problem:-17+11 = -6 OR 11 + (-17) = -6

Subtraction

4 – (-2) = 4 + 2 = 64 – (+2) =4 -2 = 2

-4 – (+2) =

-4 – 2 = -6

-4 – (-2) = -2

-4 + 2 = -2

Multiplying

8 x 4 = 32 (positives)

(-6) x (-3) = 18 (negative x negative = positive)

(-2) x 4 = -8 negative x positive = negative

More than one number

(-2) x 5 x (-3) x 4 =

(-2 x 5) x (-3) x 4 =

(-10) x (-3) x 4 =

(-10) x (-12) = 120

4 x 3 x 7 x (-3) =

12 x 7 x (-3) =

12 x (-21) = - 252

Dividing Signed Numbers

16 ÷ 2 = 8

(-64) ÷ (-8) = 8Same signs = positive answer

210 ÷ (-42) = -5

(-77) ÷ 11 = -7

different signs = negative answer

Fractions• Way of representing the division of a

“whole” into “parts”

1

2

• The numerator expresses how many “parts”

• The denominator expresses the total number of parts.

numerator

denominator

Proper Fraction

• A proper fraction has a value less than one• The numerator is smaller than the

denominator.

Properties of Fractions• Value of a fraction is not altered if

numerator and denominator are multiplied

• Or divided63 x 2

33 x 1

Multiplying Fractions

By a whole number:

2

3 X 6 =2 X 6

3 X 1

=12

3= 4

Multiplying Fractions

By another fraction:

2 15 2 x 15 30 15

3 16 3 x 16 48 24X = = =

Dividing Fractions

1 ÷ 1=

2

4

becomes

1

2x

4

1=

2

Adding Fractions

• Need to be equivalent fractions to add correctly

• Numerators are added• Denominators stay the same

1 + 1 = 2 which reduces to 1

2 2 2

Adding Fractions

• Denominator must be the same• Usually is the least common denominator

(LCD)• Change to equivalent fractions

• EX:

½ + ¼ =

1 2 2

2 2 4

2 1 2 + 1 3

4 4 4 4

X =

+ = =

Subtracting – same rules as for addition

1/3 – 1/4 =

Determine LCD:

1/3 x 4/4 = 4/12

1/4 x 3/3 = 3/12

Answer:

4/12 - 3/12 = 1/12