Welcome to Welcome to

IT ApplicationsIT Applications

& &

Software DevelopmentSoftware Development

20082008

Sunbury Downs College

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

1937 war is feared.

The rush is on to develop an electric computer to calculate flight trajectories for gun shells and bombs.

Why? It took the computers (female workers) three days to compute the trajectory of a shell that took 30 seconds to get to its target.

1944-1945 1944-1945

The first computers are workingThe first computers are working ENIAC in the USA (Eckert & Mauchly)ENIAC in the USA (Eckert & Mauchly) Colossus in England (Alan Turing)Colossus in England (Alan Turing)

CSIRAC in Australia (CSIRO)CSIRAC in Australia (CSIRO)

ENIAC did the trajectory calculation in 5 seconds

See it at Scienceworks!

ENIAC

Hardware

People

Software –

program

Ergonomic

workstation?Healthy, safe

work environment?

Computers are simpleComputers are simple

Based on switches that control the flow of electricity Based on switches that control the flow of electricity – electrons to be precise.– electrons to be precise.

Switch on – electricity flowsSwitch on – electricity flows Switch off – no electricity flowSwitch off – no electricity flow

On/off, yes/no, true/false, 1/0On/off, yes/no, true/false, 1/0binary number system used binary number system used

off,on,on,off,off off,on,on,off,off 6 = 001106 = 00110on,on,off,on,onon,on,off,on,on 27 = 11011 27 = 11011This is machine code- what the computer This is machine code- what the computer

understandsunderstands

switches

Assembly language

-Some words eg ADD, SUB, MUL, DVD

Assembler converts to machine code

High level Programming languagesFORTRAN –scientificequationsCOBOL – businesswordsBASIC – general purpose

Easier to write instructions. Compiled (translated) into machine language

First DEO

Data entry operator

19521952

““There may be a world market for five There may be a world market for five computers”computers”

CEO of IBMCEO of IBM

The transistor arrives!The transistor arrives!

1947 – production late 50s

Brattain, Bardeen, Shockley

transistor

switch

bus

An I.C. Chips!

The prediction was wrong or was it fair dinkum?

Joke Joyce!Joke Joyce!

Shows how easily you can fool Shows how easily you can fool peoplepeople

Another example,Another example,

Computer ethicsComputer ethics

use a computer to harm othersuse a computer to harm others interfere with other people’s interfere with other people’s

computer workcomputer work snoop around in other people’s filessnoop around in other people’s files use a computer to stealuse a computer to steal

Don’t

Computer ethicsComputer ethics

use a computer to bear false witness use a computer to bear false witness copy or use proprietary software you copy or use proprietary software you

haven’t paid for haven’t paid for use other people’s computer use other people’s computer

resources without authorisationresources without authorisation take others’ intellectual outputtake others’ intellectual output

Don’t

Computer ethicsComputer ethics

think about the social consequences think about the social consequences of the program you are writing or the of the program you are writing or the system you are designingsystem you are designing

Always ensure consideration and Always ensure consideration and respect for your fellow humansrespect for your fellow humans

Do

And re AI and robotsAnd re AI and robotsAsimov’s lawsAsimov’s laws A robot may not injure a human or, through A robot may not injure a human or, through

inaction, allow a human to be harmedinaction, allow a human to be harmed

A robot must obey the orders of humans A robot must obey the orders of humans except where they conflict with 1except where they conflict with 1stst law law

A robot must protect its own existence so A robot must protect its own existence so long as this doesn’t conflict with 1long as this doesn’t conflict with 1stst and 2 and 2ndnd lawslaws

VCE ITVCE IT

Robots, AI, big computers, desktops, laptops, Robots, AI, big computers, desktops, laptops, palmtops, mobile phones are all parts of palmtops, mobile phones are all parts of information systemsinformation systems

All require programs & applications to make them All require programs & applications to make them usefuluseful

These studies are about IS, applications and These studies are about IS, applications and programming.programming.

They’re challenging and great fun!They’re challenging and great fun!

to the futureto the futuresmart mobile phones computers in a pocket

wearable computers

PDAs, phones, cameras in one package

smart clothes – wearing computers

interplanetary interplanetary communications?communications?

Lots of IT problems to solve on Lots of IT problems to solve on EarthEarth