Week1 Recitation Video1 · Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults 15.071x – Understanding Food:...
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UNDERSTANDING FOOD Nutritional Education with Data 15.071x – The Analytics Edge
Transcript of Week1 Recitation Video1 · Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults 15.071x – Understanding Food:...
UNDERSTANDING FOOD Nutritional Education with Data
15.071x – The Analytics Edge
No Data <10% 10%–14%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 1
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 2
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 3
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 4
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 5
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 6
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 7
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 8
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% ≥20%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 9
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% ≥20%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 10
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% ≥20%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 11
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% ≥20%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 12
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% ≥25%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 13
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% ≥25%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 14
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% ≥25%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 15
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% ≥25%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 16
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% 25%-29% ≥30%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 17
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% 25%-29% ≥30%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 18
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% 25%-29% ≥30%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 19
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% 25%-29% ≥30%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 20
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% 25%-29% ≥30%
Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 21
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%-19% 20%-24% 25%-29% ≥30%
Obesity
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 22
• More than 35% of US adults are obese • Obesity-related conditions are some of the leading
causes of preventable death (heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes)
• Worldwide, obesity has nearly doubled since 1980
• 65% of the world’s population lives in countries where overweight and obesity kills more people than underweight
Nutrition
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 23
• Good nutrition is essential for a person’s overall health and well-being, and is now more important than ever
• Hundreds of nutrition and weight-loss applications • 15% of adults with cell phones use health applications
on their devices
• These apps are powered by the USDA Food Database
USDA Food Database
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 24
• The United States Department of Agriculture distributes a database of nutritional information for over 7,000 different food items
• Used as the foundation for most food and nutrient databases in the US
• Includes information about all nutrients • Calories, carbs, protein, fat, sodium, . . .
Summarizing by Group: tapply
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 1
• The tapply function takes three arguments
• Group argument 1 by argument 2 and apply argument 3
• To compute the average amount of iron, sorted by high and low protein
tapply(argument1, argument2, argument3) !
tapply(USDA$Iron, USDA$HighProtein, mean, na.rm=TRUE) !
What exactly does tapply do?
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 2
tapply(USDA$Iron, USDA$HighProtein, mean, na.rm=TRUE) !
Food Iron HighProtein
1 0.27 0
2 12.8 1
3 1.44 1
4 0.38 0
5 4.50 0
6 2.29 1
Iron
12.8
1.44
2.29 Hig
hPro
tein
= 1
Iron
Hig
hPro
tein
= 0
0.27
0.38
4.50
Result
5.51
1.72
Mean
Mean
Summarizing by Group: tapply
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 1
• The tapply function takes three arguments
• Group argument 1 by argument 2 and apply argument 3
• To compute the average amount of iron, sorted by high and low protein
tapply(argument1, argument2, argument3) !
tapply(USDA$Iron, USDA$HighProtein, mean, na.rm=TRUE) !
What exactly does tapply do?
15.071x – Understanding Food: Nutritional Education with Data 2
tapply(USDA$Iron, USDA$HighProtein, mean, na.rm=TRUE) !
Food Iron HighProtein
1 0.27 0
2 12.8 1
3 1.44 1
4 0.38 0
5 4.50 0
6 2.29 1
Iron
12.8
1.44
2.29 Hig
hPro
tein
= 1
Iron
Hig
hPro
tein
= 0
0.27
0.38
4.50
Result
5.51
1.72
Mean
Mean
