Week 9

COAL

Things Missed Last Week

• Show a map of your #6 coal and areas where you will have to cut roof rock because of your CM selection

• Show a year by year timing map of the #6 coal producing 3 million or more clean tons per year– Have a schedule showing when and how much out of

seam dilution will be going to the prep plant– Make sure your timing and equipment capacity accounts

for the out of seam dilution you will take– Produce a year by year schedule of royalties or other fees

you will be paying to land holders.

Provide the Same Schedule

• Provide the same year by year mining schedule for your #3 met coal– The schedule should include estimated out of seam

dilution and royalties paid to each land owner• When your met coal operation starts assume you

will still keep 2 million tons of steam coal market using #7 coal– Lay out the same type of schedule for #7, but only

through the time when you have mined out the met coal.

Complete Ventilation From Last Week

• You did get close-ups of how you would vent panel areas, and air quantities– Check your air quantities against velocities to make

sure you do not have excessive or deficient air speed• Approximately every 5 years or more often when

there is a major shift in ventilation draw maps of the over-all vent system showing where air comes in – what routes it travels to get to the face- and how it returns to an exhaust

Complete Your Conveyor Work

• Last week you size conveyor belts and motors and planned 5,000 feet per main belt run.

• You did not have a map of the belt network– Provide a map of the belt network every 5 years or more

often if there is a major change between 5 year intervals• For dewatering you proposed local sumps and

piping to a main sump.– Provide maps of your sump and pipe network every 5

years or more often if there is a major change between 5 year intervals.

Add to Your Mine Map

• Battery Barns• Underground Vehicle Service• Lunch area• Bathroom areas (I know you already show the

returns)

Produce Year By Year Supply Acquisition Costs

• Identify what components at what cost will be bought year by year for installation and extension of your belt network.

• Identify the same for your dewatering system.• Develop your schedule and supplies for

putting in stoppings and permanent mine seals

Start Your Ventilation Simulation

• Pick a point where your ventilation system is short and air does not have to go too far

• Then pick a point where your ventilation system is very extended

• Finally pick an intermediate case in time• Set up these three cases for computer calculation

(or if you prefer – long hand calculations)– Run at least one of the cases– Have a tentative mine fan pick

From Last Week

• Draw out your flow sheet showing where materials and waste will go and what size it is.– Look for a kind of simplified spreadsheet layout

that will help you understand the minimum I am after.

Last Task

• By Friday of next week have your revised write-up done– You need not have written out all your

appendices, but you should refer to them where you will have them

– Keep my red notes in place and add your new changes and text in green

DIAMOND

Work on Your Underground

• You have determined you will use a 3 level system in each of two areas of the underground pipe.

• Draw in your shafts, haulage, travelways, ore passes and other facilities that will be in durable non-kimberlite ground.– These working should be in 3D minesight– They may include lunchrooms, workshops, parking

areas, or areas for security scans.

Calculate

• Calculate the volume of kimberlite that will have to be mined from your K1 and K2 areas each year– Show how you got the calculated amount (you are

presumably not counting mega-diamonds since you did not attempt to define their frequency.

Draw the Cuts

• Draw the area actually open in cuts into the kimberlite in years 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5– Don’t draw in all the parallel entries – only what is

actually open at each point in time

Ventilation Network

• Draw in your ventilation network at the end of 5 years.– Simulate the airflows so that you have air

quantities and heads– Your equipment is mostly diesel – make sure you

are getting the required air to dilute the diesel emissions

Haulage

• Plan out your underground haulage system– Show where each type of equipment will serve to

move the ore• Draw out diagrams of your shafts and slopes

that serve your underground mine.

Build a Manning Table

• Build a month by month, shift by shift list of how many people doing what you will have on the job at the mine.

COPPER-GOLD

Develop Your Flow Sheets

• Make sure your excel spreadsheet covers all 6 types of ore

• Improve your spreadsheet to where I can input my ore grade and the spreadsheet will give me the mass balance all the way through the process

• Account for any iron you process or recover• Account for your sulfuric acid production from

your roasting

Develop the First Draft of the Appendix You Will Use in Your Report

• MSOPIT requires specific recovery, cost, product values etc.

• Show how you obtain each of these numbers and explain how you get those numbers from your process

Decide What Will Happen to Below Cut-Off Grade Ore

• MineSight MSOPIT allows multiple processing for each ore type– The first process is the most intensive recovery

process– The last process must be a complete waste – no

recovery at all process– In-between you may have processes that get some

recovery from lower grade ore (usually leach processes – though you don’t have to have them)

Possible Low Grade Processes

• Leach processes are most common– You could crush and then take to leach pads but this

requires both grinding and some significant rehandle costs

– You could take ore to a dump area that gets leached• In practice some companies just leach their dumps for

what ever they can get• In MineSight – even if you leach your dumps you have to

have a class 2 dump that you don’t leach– There may actually be no rock that ever uses it, but you still have

to have it in the program

Leaching Processes• A sulfide copper leach

– Many involve dumped run of mine rock where acid and water are poured over it

– Sulfide leaching may go on for 20 years or more and seldom does much more than about 10% recovery (unless the ore is crushed down and put on special pads)• Sulfide acid leaches will dissolve out copper and a little silver, but no

gold.• The copper solutions are boosted in concentration using solvent

extraction• The concentrated copper solution is sent to electrowinning and the

copper is plated out– Recovered silver goes to the anode slimes that can be sent off to smelting

More Leach Options

• Oxide Copper Leach– Some people will crush the rock and put it in smaller leach

pad stacks– Sulfuric acid will directly dissolve copper out of copper oxides

• It will also dissolve metallic silver, but not gold– Copper oxide leaching is far faster than sulfide leaching

• You’d expect about 15 to 20% recovery in a few years without special pads or crushing

• With special pads or crushing you might get 40 to 50%– Copper and silver in solution go through solvent extraction

and electrowinning just like with the sulfide ore.

More Leach

• Gold and Silver Leaches– Gold and Silver will leach from piles too but a

cyanide leach is alkaline, which won’t leach copper– Lots of acid producing sulfides will also cause

excessive cyanide consumption• Cyanide is very chemically active and does not last well in

unfavorable environments– Silver will leach with Copper or with Gold – but Gold

and Copper leaching are usually mutually exclusive– Pyrite encapsulated gold is not leachable

When You Have Your Numbers

• Run the ultimate pit with MSOPIT– The output will tell you how much went to dump,

leach, and mill– It will tell you what the average grade of your mill

ore is• Use your models to predict the tailings volume you will

have– Draw out the waste dumps and tailings pond you

will have on 3D MineSight drawings with the open pit.