Week 6Week 6

Chapter 9: Advanced Technologies for E-CommerceChapter 9: Advanced Technologies for E-Commerce

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________2

OutlineOutline

Introduction to Mobile AgentsIntroduction to Mobile Agents WAP: the Enabling Technology for WAP: the Enabling Technology for

Mobile CommerceMobile Commerce XML (eXtensible Markup Language)XML (eXtensible Markup Language) Data MiningData Mining

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________3

Mobile AgentMobile Agent

Mobile AgentMobile Agent Frees up resourcesFrees up resources More reliableMore reliable More efficient due to distributed and parallel More efficient due to distributed and parallel

processingprocessing

Example:Example: E-commerce systems:E-commerce systems:

Tabican, Nomad, MAGNETTabican, Nomad, MAGNET Mobile agent development kits:Mobile agent development kits:

IBM’s Aglet, Objectspace’s Voyager, General IBM’s Aglet, Objectspace’s Voyager, General Magic’s Odyssey, Mitsbishi’s ConcordiaMagic’s Odyssey, Mitsbishi’s Concordia

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________4

Why WAP?Why WAP?

Support Web-like applications in a Support Web-like applications in a wireless environment:wireless environment: Limited bandwidthLimited bandwidth Less stableLess stable Less powerful terminals.Less powerful terminals.

Visit www.wapforum.orgVisit www.wapforum.org

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________5

WAP SpecificationWAP Specification

Key components:Key components:Programming/communication modelProgramming/communication model

XML-based markup language: WMLXML-based markup language: WML WMLScript scripting languageWMLScript scripting language Microbrowser (Usually Java-Based)Microbrowser (Usually Java-Based) Framework for wireless telephony applications (WTA)Framework for wireless telephony applications (WTA) Most of the current wireless applications are created Most of the current wireless applications are created

with a mixture of WML and Java Mobile Languagewith a mixture of WML and Java Mobile Language A new development is the integration of Flash-based content through A new development is the integration of Flash-based content through

the Flash Lite player.the Flash Lite player. Flash Lite is now supported through a number of 3Flash Lite is now supported through a number of 3rdrd Generation Generation

Mobile Phones (3G) and Windows Mobile Devices (iPaq, Palm, etc.)Mobile Phones (3G) and Windows Mobile Devices (iPaq, Palm, etc.)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________6

WAP Architecture WAP Architecture (Fig. 9.2)(Fig. 9.2)

Application Layer (WAE)

Session Layer (WSP)

Transaction Layer (WTP)

Security Layer (WTLS)

Transport Layer (WDP)

Bearers: GSM, CDMA, etc.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________7

The WAP ModelThe WAP Model

Web ServerVBS

Databases

WAP Gateway

WAP response

Request

WAP phone

WAP ModelWAP Model

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________8

XMLXML Tags can be defined using a Document Tags can be defined using a Document

Type Definition (DTD)Type Definition (DTD) XML is to represent the XML is to represent the logicallogical structure structure

of documentsof documents Content and presentation format/style Content and presentation format/style

are separatedare separated Searching and retrieval of information is Searching and retrieval of information is

simplifiedsimplified XML searches return data more precisely XML searches return data more precisely

associated with the queryassociated with the query With Xlink, one can use bi-directional With Xlink, one can use bi-directional

linkslinks The syntax for XML is strictly definedThe syntax for XML is strictly defined

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________9

DOM for Example ProgramDOM for Example Program

Book

title author abstract subject price availability

"XML for beginners"

"Elizabeth Chang"

"This is ------acquaintance"

Keyword “US$25 “

"Internet program”

"Internet database"

"messaging"

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________10

Application of XML for B2BApplication of XML for B2BE-commerceE-commerce

Business Application & Platform 1

Business Application & Platform 1

Business Application & Platform 2

Business Application & Platform 2

XML

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________11

Layered Structure for Layered Structure for ebXMLebXML

 

 

 

XML Document

XML Header

XML Envelope

Transport

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________12

XML ArchitectureXML Architecture

Standard XML Applications

XHTML, CDF, SVG, SMIL Specific XML Applications e.g. - MathML for mathematics calculations - WIDL, DGX for B2B data integration.

DTD Namespaces Unicode URI

Underlying Technology Layer

Supporting Layer

Application Layer

Display Format - XSL - CSL - XSL+CSS

XML Linkage - XLink

- XPath

- XPointer

Metadata - RDF - PICS

- PSP

Parser - SAX

- DOM

Schema - DTD

- XSD

Queries - XSLT - XPath

- XQL

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________13

WidgetsWidgets One of the biggest growth areas for web One of the biggest growth areas for web

development (and e-commerce) is the development (and e-commerce) is the introduction of Widgets.introduction of Widgets.

A A Little History on the Widget...Little History on the Widget... Some time in early 2000 Arlo Rose came Some time in early 2000 Arlo Rose came

up with an idea for a cool little up with an idea for a cool little application. It would use XML to application. It would use XML to structure images, and a scriptable structure images, and a scriptable language, like Perl, in such a way that language, like Perl, in such a way that someone who knew the basics of Perl someone who knew the basics of Perl could put together cool little mini-could put together cool little mini-applications. The goal was that these applications. The goal was that these mini-applications would just sit around mini-applications would just sit around on your desktop looking pretty, while on your desktop looking pretty, while providing useful feedback.providing useful feedback.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________14

WidgetsWidgets All he ever really wanted was to have a cool All he ever really wanted was to have a cool

looking battery monitor and something that told looking battery monitor and something that told him the weather, but he knew the possibilities for him the weather, but he knew the possibilities for something like this could potentially be limitless.something like this could potentially be limitless.

Fast forward a couple of years when Arlo began Fast forward a couple of years when Arlo began working with Perry Clarke at Sun Microsystems. working with Perry Clarke at Sun Microsystems. Over lunch one afternoon Arlo gave Perry the Over lunch one afternoon Arlo gave Perry the basics of this dream app. Perry suggested that basics of this dream app. Perry suggested that JavaScript would be far easier for people to digest. JavaScript would be far easier for people to digest. He was right. It's the basis for Flash's ActionScript, He was right. It's the basis for Flash's ActionScript, and Adobe's scripting engine for Photoshop. Of all and Adobe's scripting engine for Photoshop. Of all the choices, JavaScript made the most sense. the choices, JavaScript made the most sense. Shortly after that lunch, the two began to spend Shortly after that lunch, the two began to spend their nights and weekends making this thing a their nights and weekends making this thing a reality. reality.

A half year later it was ready for download on Mac A half year later it was ready for download on Mac OS X. Time flew by, Ed Voas joined the team and OS X. Time flew by, Ed Voas joined the team and the Windows version was unveiled.the Windows version was unveiled.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________15

WidgetsWidgets You can find and download the You can find and download the

Yahoo! Widget Engine for free for either for free for either Windows of Mac OSX.Windows of Mac OSX.

You can find widgets for everything from You can find widgets for everything from e-commerce retail product searches, to e-commerce retail product searches, to language translators, to displaying local language translators, to displaying local weather and sports scores.weather and sports scores.

Not related at all to e-commerce, my Not related at all to e-commerce, my favorite widgets recite phrases from favorite widgets recite phrases from cartoon characters.cartoon characters. Gir from Invader ZimGir from Invader Zim Bender from FuturamaBender from Futurama

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________16

Web ServicesWeb Services What is a web service?What is a web service?

Web services make software functionality available over the Web services make software functionality available over the Internet so that programs like PHP, ASP, JSP, and CFML, and Internet so that programs like PHP, ASP, JSP, and CFML, and all our other favorite widgets can make a request to a all our other favorite widgets can make a request to a program running on another server (a web service) and use program running on another server (a web service) and use that program’s response in a website, WAP service, or other that program’s response in a website, WAP service, or other application.application.

The principles behind web services are stunningly simple, The principles behind web services are stunningly simple, and are nothing new in the world of distributed computing and are nothing new in the world of distributed computing and the Internet.and the Internet.

The web service provider defines a format for requests for The web service provider defines a format for requests for its service and the response the service will generate a its service and the response the service will generate a computer makes a request for the web services across the computer makes a request for the web services across the network the web service performs some action, and sends network the web service performs some action, and sends the response back the response back

This action might be retrieving a stock quote, finding the This action might be retrieving a stock quote, finding the best price for a particular product on the net, saving a new best price for a particular product on the net, saving a new meeting to a calendar, translating a passage of text to meeting to a calendar, translating a passage of text to another language, or validating a credit card number.another language, or validating a credit card number.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________17

Web ServicesWeb Services The principles behind web services are stunningly The principles behind web services are stunningly

simple, and are nothing new in the world of simple, and are nothing new in the world of distributed computing and the Internet.distributed computing and the Internet.

The web service provider defines a format for The web service provider defines a format for requests for its service and the response the service requests for its service and the response the service will generate a computer makes a request for the web will generate a computer makes a request for the web services across the network the web service performs services across the network the web service performs some action, and sends the response back some action, and sends the response back

This action might be retrieving a stock quote, finding This action might be retrieving a stock quote, finding the best price for a particular product on the net, the best price for a particular product on the net, saving a new meeting to a calendar, translating a saving a new meeting to a calendar, translating a passage of text to another language, or validating a passage of text to another language, or validating a credit card number.credit card number.

Yes, there is an overlap with Widgets and Web Yes, there is an overlap with Widgets and Web Services as many are/do the same thing.Services as many are/do the same thing.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________18

What Does This All Mean For E-Commerce?What Does This All Mean For E-Commerce?

In a nutshell, it means that e-commerce is In a nutshell, it means that e-commerce is expanding from the typical “Website Portal” expanding from the typical “Website Portal” that became popular throughout the 90s.that became popular throughout the 90s.

E-commerce applications are moving into cell E-commerce applications are moving into cell phones, PDAs, and mini-applications to check phones, PDAs, and mini-applications to check on everything from inventory of items to on everything from inventory of items to tracking packages.tracking packages.