Week 4 iberia or siberia

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The topic for today, September 10 th : re did the first people in America come fro Iberia or Siberia? For the next two weeks: Peopling of the New World (Spain) (Russia)

Transcript of Week 4 iberia or siberia

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The topic for today, September 10th:

Where did the first people in America come from:Iberia or Siberia?

For the next two weeks:

Peopling of the New World

(Spain) (Russia)

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What is the new world?What does it mean to ask where did the first people in America come from?

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--Recognizing multiple dimensions to a good question

Aspects of Critical Inquiry in the Social Sciences

--Evaluating evidence

--Recognizing multiple answers to a question or a problem

--Exploring the ethical implications of differing approaches, methods, or conclusions

--Developing potential solutions to problems based on sound evidence and reasoning

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Consensus in the 1970s: People came to America… --from Siberia --on foot --13500 years ago.

The Iberia hypothesis did not have anyStrong supporters until about 10 years ago

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Clovis and Folsom sites, New Mexico

Folsom point in associationwith extinctbison bones

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Miles point

Cactus Hill

MeadowcroftSites thatdate to14000 yearsago or earlier

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Solutreans!!!People from what is not Spain and Southern France, 21000 years ago

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

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Dennis Stanford Bruce Bradley

What are some of immediate problems with the Solutrean Hypothesis?

What is the evidence of the Solutrean Hypothesis?

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Clovis Solutrean

Similarities in stone tools:

1. Bifacial technology (two faces: biface)

front side & back sideof same tool.

Both sides sharpened

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10cm

Clovis Solutrean

Similarities in stone tools:

1. Bifacial technology (two faces: biface)

2. These bifaces are big!

3. Overshot flaking(outrepassé)

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Other Similarities in stone tools:

Clovis Solutrean

BorersNotchesBurins

32 similarities in total!…and no similarities between Clovistools and Siberian/Alaskan tools

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

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On land

At sea/on ice

Land and sea

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I’m on a boat!

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Ring seal

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

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On land

At sea/on ice

Land and sea

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

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Skull of Kennewick Man/The Ancient One

Forensics expert’sRepresentation of Kennewick Man/The Ancient One

Warning: this slide contains an image of Native American skeletal material

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21,000 BP

17,000 BP

13,500 BP

Clovis

Pre-Clovis

Solutrean

12,000 BP

Lawrence Straus David Meltzer

Problems with Solutrean hypothesis

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10cm

Clovis Solutrean

Similarities in stone tools:

1. Bifacial technology (two faces: biface)

2. These bifaces are big!

3. Overshot flaking(outrepassé)

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10cm

Clovis Solutrean

Differences in stone tools:

1. Concave base rare in Solutrean points

2. No fluting in Solutrean points

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Clovis Solutrean

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Other Similarities in stone tools:

Clovis Solutrean

Burins

But are both of these green tools actually similar?

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Clovis Solutrean

Shouldered point

Stemmed point

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Clovis Solutrean

Bone needle

hook for atlatl(spearthrower)

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Clovis Solutrean

Antler points(a kind of tool)

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Clovis Solutrean

Mobiliary art

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

Are there really no similarities between Clovis tools and stone tools in Beringea and Sibera?

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Table showing similarities between Clovis tools and tools in Siberia

But Stanford says there are no similarities: who do we trust? How do we evaluate evidence?

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012

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Evidence for hunting seals or fish?

Clovis Solutrean

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Skull of Kennewick Man/The Ancient One

Forensics expert’sRepresentation of Kennewick Man/The Ancient One

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Skull of Kennewick Man/The Ancient One

Forensics expert’sRepresentation of Kennewick Man/The Ancient One

Anotherforensics expert’sRepresentation of Kennewick Man/The Ancient One

Portrait of contemporaryAinu person, an ethnic

minority in northern Japan

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Shovel-shaped incisors

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From Stanford and Bradley 2012