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WEEK 1 : LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND LANGUAGE LEARNING

FirstLanguage

Acquisiton

Behaviourist

Nativist

Functional

behaviourist

Pavlov

Watson

Thorndike

Skinner

nativistEric Lenneberg

Chomsky

functionalBloom

Piaget

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- Tabula rasa

- Stimuli : linguistic

responses

- Conditioning

- Reinforcement

- Innate predisposition

(LAD / UG )

- Systematic, rule-

governed acquisition

- Creative construction

- pivot grammar

- Parallel distributed

processing.

- Constructivitst

- Social interaction

- Cognition and language

- Function of language

- Discourse

Mediating responses

BEHAVIOURIST NATIVIST FUNCTIONAL

MEDIATION THEORY

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HOW DO

PUPILS

LEARN A

LANGUAGE

Behaviourism

Cognitivism

Humanism

Learning and

Acquisition

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BEHAVIOURISM

Stimulus

Response

Reinforcement

LEARNING MODEL

Theory of learning

Audio lingual

method

( features )

An emphasis on

aural oral skills.

An emphasis on

repetition and drills.

The use of target

language only

Immediate reward /

reinforcement after

every correct

response.

Immediate

correction of errors

Teacher -

centredness

Pavlov

Watson

Thorndike

Skinner

CONSIST OF PSYCOLOGISTS

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COGNITIVISM

Emphasis on the learners and how theyorganize their knowledge

How to analyse

problems

How to think for

themselves

PSYCOLOGISTS

Noam Chomsky

PROPOSETEACHING

LEARNER

ACTIVEPROCESS

CLASSROOM

PRACTICE ROLE OFTEACHER

Learner centred

Focuses on discovery

learning

Inductive approachDeductive

approach

MENTALPROCESS

To arrange and present new

information in such way that

learners can relate the new

information to their own existing

mental structure and previous

knowledge.

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CommunityLanguageLearning

Silent Way

Suggestopedia

Increase personalinvolvement,stimulation offeeling andthinking, selfinitiation and selfevaluation.

To create aconducive, non-threateningenvironment

On affective andemotional factors

places thestudents at thecentre of thelearning process.

IMPORTANCETEACHER'S

ROLE

METHODEXPERIENTIALLEARNING

HUMANISM

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LEARNING

is a concious processwhere learners study the

language in an organizae

manner following a

programme or syllabus.

learner knowing the

rules governing the useof the language.

student able to produce

accurately these

language items

presented systematically

and formally

ACQUISITION

take place unconciously,

very similar to the way

one learns one's native

language.

it occurs in a situation

where the learner is

exposed to a lot of

natural language.

student able to to use

the language fluently

and appropriately.

LEARNING AND ACQUISITION

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GOALS OF SLA

to describe how L2 acquisition proceed and to explain

this process and why some learners seem to be better

at it than others

Description of

L2 acquisitionExplanation

external factor

social milieu input

internal factor

learner possess

cognitive

mechanism

DESCRIBING AND EXPLAINING L2 ACQUISITION

DEFINITION OF SLA

L2 acquisition can be defined as the way in which people learn a

language other than their mother tongue, inside or outside of a

classroom, and Second Language Acquisition as the study of this.

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METHODOLOGICAL

ISSUES

is that need tobe describe

learner has

acquired a

feature of the

target language

determining

whether learner

have acquired a

particular

feature

to measurewhether

acquisition hastaken placeconcerns

learners' overuseof linguistic

forms

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ISSUES IN

THE

DESCRIPTION

OF LEARNERLANGUAGE

learner make

errors of

different kinds

L2 learner

acquire a large

number of

formulaic chunkswhether learner

acquire the

language

systematically

ISSUES IN THE

EXPLANATIONOF L2

ACQUISITION

learner must

engage in both

item learning and

system learning

the systematic

nature of L2

acquisition also

requires

explanationL2 learner can only

acquire difficult

linguistic features if

they receive direct

instruction in them.