The Six main First Nations and Inuit Cultural Groups of Canada

• Defined __________________________________________________________

The Peoples of the __________________________

• Location: Southern O________________, St. L____________________ Lowlands

Subcultures: 1) East N________ Culture- A______________- traveled to follow f__________ ex. Deer, moose, beaver, fish, roots, wild berries etc..

• Transportation: ___________, snowshoes and toboggans

• Homes: Wigwams or Tipis- easy to dismantle to take with them

• 2) South Agricultural Cultures- I_____________, H__________ and N____________- fertile s_____and milder c__________- Semi-p________________ communities for up to 1_____ years

• Three S_______: C______, B_______, S________ and tobacco

• Homes: Longhouses- 10 families

• Other: Skilled p___________ makers and made clothing from a____________ skins

W_________: Eastern Woodlands (Algonkin)

• Wigwam is the word for "h________" – Also known as b________________ houses

• S________ houses, usually 8-10 feet tall

• made of w___________ frames which are covered with woven m____ and sheets of b________

• frame can be shaped like a d_____, like a c_____, or like a r___________ with an arched roof

• Once the birchbark is in place, r_______ or strips of w______ are w_________ around the wigwam to h_____ the bark in place

• Wigwams are good houses for people who stay in the same place for m___________ at a time

• Most Algonkin Indians lived together in s____________ villages during the f___________ season

• During the w____________, each family group would move to their own h___________ camp.

• Wigwams are n______ p____________, but they are s______and e_______ to build.

• Woodland Indian families could build new wigwams every year when they set up their w_________camps.

L_______ House: Southern Woodlands-Only moved if s_____ was d_____________

• Used by I_______________ and some A_____________ neighbours

• built similarly to wigwams, with p________ frames and e______ bark covering

• Longhouses could be 2____ feet long, 20 feet wide, and 20 feet high

• Inside the longhouse, r___________ p____________ created a s_________ story, which was used for s_____________ space and s_______________. Mats and wood screens divided the longhouse into s______________ rooms

• Could house as many as ______ people

Tipis (T______________): People of the Plains

• Tepee is made of a c_________-shaped w_____________ frame with a covering of b___________ hide

• carefully designed to s_____ up and b__________ down q__________

• tribe moved from place to place, each family would bring their tipi p__________ and hide tent along with them

• f__________ t___________ on the Great Plains than in the Woodlands, so it was important for Plains tribes to c___________ their long p___________ with them whenever they t_______________ instead of trying to find n_____ ones each time they m_____________.

The Peoples of the Interior P_______________

• Location: British Columbia to A______________

• North- Climate moist and land f______________

• South- Extremely d_____ and land is d___________-like

• Similar foods- S______________, game, roots and berries

• Fishing- H__________, spears, nets and baskets to catch f___________

• Clothing- A___________ skins and wove clothes from b__________ f___________

• Home- T_________ made from a_____________ skins, pithouses, and rectangular log huts

• Peoples- Okanagan, Dene-thah

Interior Plateau: P_______________

• climate changes and extreme temperature and weather conditions made it difficult to live year round

• W__________ (Pithouse)- b___________-like living spaces dug from the e________, with a d___________ mound built over the t______ (usually a wooden frame covered with earth)

• S____________- led to the building of simple t________ like structures that were p_____________ and could be packed up to move

The Peoples of the P___________ Coast

• Location: Southern B_________ C____________ to Alaska

• People: H_____________

• Environment: m_____________ and vegetation- depended on s_________ for survival

• Food: salmon, hunted game, wild berries

• Transportation: c____________ out of large cedar trees

• Clothing: t______ bark

• T_______ Poles: was a large, tall wooden carving of various a_______ or s_________, each representing a f_________ member of a loved one who had p________ away and their a__________________

• Trade: Interior Plateau

The Peoples of the A___________

• Location: A___________ interior across Hudson Bay to northern Quebec

• People: I_________ (Eskimos)

• Environment: treeless t__________, mountains, f__________ lakes and rivers and days of 2___ hour d_____________

• Hunting: c________, seals, w________, whales, polar bears, cod and trout

• Animal Hides: Clothing, boots, tents, d_____ harnesses and boat covers

• Homes: Winter- Igloos made from blocks of i_____

Summer- dwellings made of a__________ h__________

• Transportation: S_______________, kayaks, dogs to carry belongings

I_________ Igloo

• The s_____ used to build an igloo must have enough structural s__________ to be c____ and stacked appropriately (blown by the w__________)

• H________ left in the snow where the blocks are cut is usually used as the l__________ half of the shelter

• short t__________ is constructed at the entrance to r__________ w________ and h________ loss when the door is opened

• single block of c_______ ice is inserted to allow l__________ into the igloo

• A____________ skins were used as door f_________ to keep w__________ air in

• H_______ from the stone l_______ causes the interior to m________ slightly

• M________ and r__________builds up a layer of ice that contributes to the s______ of the igloo

• S___________ platform is a r________ area because w________ air r____ and cooler air settles