Test #2 Practice: Integumentary System, Digestive System, and Metabolism

1. Which membrane contains waterproofing properties?a. Synovialb. Serousc. Mucousd. Cutaneous

2. The peritoneum is an example of this membrane:a. Serousb. Mucousc. Cutaneousd. Synovial

3. Which of the following tissue types are found in the integumentary system?a. Epithelialb. Connective, epithelialc. Connective, nervous, epithelial, muscled. Epithelial, connective, nervous

4. What are the layers of the skin in order from superficial to deep?a. Dermis, hypodermis, epidermisb. Hypodermis, dermis, epidermisc. Epidermis, hypodermis, dermisd. Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

5. The epidermis consists of which type of epithelium?a. Simple squamous b. Stratified cuboidal c. Pseudostratified columnard. Stratified squamous

6. Place the layers of the epidermis in order from most deep to superficial.a. Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum

basaleb. Stratum corneum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosumc. Stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum corneum, stratum

lucidumd. Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum

corneum

7. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the epidermis?a. 95% of the cells are keratinocytesb. It is vascularc. Corneum layer is 20-30 cell layers thickd. It is waterproof

8. Which layer of the epidermis contains melanocytes?a. Stratum basaleb. Stratum spinosumc. Stratum granulosumd. Stratum lucidum

9. At which layer of the skin are organelles deteriorating?a. Stratum corneumb. Papillaryc. Stratum spinosumd. Stratum granulosum

10. The protein that causes the skin to be waterproof is:a. Melaninb. Keratinc. Hemoglobind. Carotene

11. Which layer of the skin is only found in thick skin?a. Stratum lucidumb. Stratum spinosumc. Papillaryd. Hypodermis

12. What is not a characteristic of the dermis?a. Has 2 regionsb. Contains areolar and dense irregular connective tissuec. Contains neural tissued. Contains melanin

13. Where are blood vessels, deep pressure receptors, and sweat glands found?a. Stratum basaleb. Papillary layerc. Reticular layerd. Hypodermis

14. The hypodermis is also referred to as the:a. Subdermisb. Subcutaneous c. Adipose layerd. Integument

15. The main function of melanin is to:a. Provide the skin with colourb. Protect the skin from cold weatherc. Protect the skin from UV lightd. Provide the skin with waterproof characteristics

16. What structure when activated causes goosebumps?a. Eccrine glandsb. Arrector pili musclec. Hair follicled. Merkel cells

17. When blocked, this gland becomes infected, resulting in acne.a. Sebaceousb. Apocrinec. Eccrined. Sweat

18. Apocrine glands:a. Open onto the skinb. Are found in the axillary region onlyc. Produce an odorless secretiond. Are found in hairless regions

19. What is not a characteristic of sebum?a. Oily substance that is emptied onto the skinb. Keeps the skin soft and moistc. Produced by sebaceous glandsd. Contains antibacterial properties

20. Cindy has decided to go for a walk outside to view the Christmas lights one cold, winter night. What happens in her body so she does not freeze?

a. Vasoconstriction of all vessels; apocrine gland secretionb. Vasoconstriction of cutaneous vessels; muscle contractionc. Vasodilation of cutaneous vessels; muscle contractiond. Vasodilation of all vessels; eccrine gland secretion

21. What is NOT a function of the skin?a. Vitamin C synthesisb. Protection from bacteria and harmful substancesc. Cooling down the body on a hot summer dayd. Excretion of urea

22. The salivary gland located deep to the lower jaw is called the:a. Sublingual glandb. Parotid glandc. Submandibular glandd. Lower salivary gland

23. The second part to the small intestine is referred to as the:a. Ileumb. Duodeumc. Jejunumd. Second part of the small intestine

24. Which structure of the alimentary canal only performs one activity?a. Mouthb. Esophagusc. Large intestined. None of the above; they all perform more than one activity

25. What is the name of the sphincter that controls the release of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum?

a. Bilepancreatic sphincterb. Pyloric sphincterc. Dermal papillaed. Hepatopancreatic sphincter

26. Which structure stops food from entering the trachea?a. Epiglottisb. Soft palatec. Hard palated. Esophageal sphincter

27. If a patient cannot produce enough bile, it is likely that he/she has a dysfunctional:a. Gallbladderb. Liverc. Pancreasd. Stomach

28. What are the four regions in the stomach, from superior to inferior?a. Fundus, superior, cardia, pylorusb. Pylorus, cardia, fundus, bodyc. Cardia, fundus, body, pylorusd. Pylorus, body, fundus, cardia

29. The cardioesophageal sphincter is located:a. Between the stomach and esophagusb. Between the heart and esophagusc. Between the pharynx and esophagusd. None of the above

30. Which of the following is the correct order of the regions of the large intestine that food passes through?

a. Rectum, cecum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, ascending colon, descending colonb. Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectumc. Cecum, ascending colon, sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, rectumd. Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

31. Which layer of the alimentary canal contains blood vessels, lymphoid tissue, and nerve endings?a. Mucosab. Muscularis externusc. Serosad. Submucosa

32. What tissue type is the mucosa?a. Epithelialb. Connectivec. Nervousd. All of the above

33. Which of the following is produced by enteroendocrine cells?a. HClb. Intrinsic factorc. Pepsinogend. Gastrin

34. Which of the following does not function in the small intestine?a. Trypsinb. Carboxypeptidasec. Pancreatic amylased. Pepsin

35. Into which digestive organ do the pancreas, gallbladder, and liver release their secretions into?a. Duodenumb. Stomachc. Cecumd. Ileum

36. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), commonly known as heartburn, is related to which structure?

a. Nasopharynx sphincterb. Pyloric sphincterc. Ileocecal valved. Cardioesophageal sphincter

37. Which of the following enzymes breaks down polysaccharides?a. Lipaseb. Amylasec. Peptidased. Trypsin

38. Which hormone stimulates the release of insulin?a. Gastrinb. Cholecystokininc. Secretind. Gastric Inhibitory Peptide

39. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?a. Production of ureab. Energy storagec. Detoxification of bloodd. Production of bicarbonate ions

40. How does the hepatopancreatic sphincter relax?a. The release of cholecystokinin causes it to relaxb. The peristaltic contractions of the small intestine cause it to openc. The release of secretin causes it to relaxd. The chyme passing through the pyloric valve triggers a reflex for it to open

41. This hormone stimulates the stomach to empty:a. Secretinb. Gastrinc. GIPd. CCK

42. Chemical digestion of proteins begins in the:a. Mouthb. Stomachc. Duodenumd. Esophagus

43. Mechanical digestion of proteins begins in the:a. Stomachb. Small Intestinec. Mouthd. Large intestine

44. Which of the following is not produced by the pancreas?a. Secretinb. GIPc. Insulind. Intrinsic factor

45. This enzyme is the first to act in chemical digestion of proteins:a. Pepsinogenb. Trypsinc. Peptidased. Pepsin

46. Which of the following chemically digests lipids?a. Amylaseb. Lipasec. Biled. Both b and c

47. What causes the gallbladder to release its stored bile?a. CCKb. Secretinc. GIPd. Insulin

48. Which of the following statements is false regarding absorption in the small intestine?a. Carbohydrates need to be broken down into monosaccharides to be absorbedb. Amino acids are absorbed into the lacteals which are lymphatic capillariesc. Most digestion and absorption occur in the small intestined. Lipids must be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids to be absorbed

49. If a patient has decreased gastric acid secretion, it is likely that the function of his/her _________ has decreased.

a. Parietal cellsb. Chief cellsc. Enteroendocrine cellsd. Mucous cells

50. Brush border enzymes digest:a. Carbohydratesb. Proteinsc. Lipidsd. Both a and be. All of the above

51. What is an example of mechanical digestion?a. Segmentationb. Chewingc. Biled. Both a and be. All of the above

52. What is special about blood circulation in the digestive system?a. The liver receives venous blood instead of arterialb. Blood flow in lacteals instead of capillariesc. Large amounts of digestive enzymes are found in capillariesd. Blood that is passed by the intestines is first carried to the pancreas

53. Glycogen is an example of a:a. Monosaccharideb. Polysaccharidec. Starchd. Lipid

54. Urea is a waste product of the metabolism of which molecule?a. Proteinsb. Nucleic acidc. Lipidsd. Carbohydrates

55. Catabolism refers to:a. Reactions that build larger molecules from smaller onesb. Reactions that break down larger molecules into simpler substancesc. None of the aboved. All of the above

56. The majority of glucose is stored as glycogen in the:a. Pancreasb. Gallbladderc. Liverd. Fat

57. Which of the following statements is false regarding cellular respiration?a. It is a term used to describe carbohydrate metabolismb. The pathways included are glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chainc. Products include 28 ATP, carbon dioxide, and waterd. All of the above are true

58. What is the body’s preferred fuel source for energy?a. Proteinsb. Glucosec. Fatty acidsd. Nucleic acids

59. A patient with hyperglycemia would have _____________ in the blood.a. Excess carbohydratesb. Reduced fatty acidsc. Excess glucosed. Reduced glucose

60. Which of the following statements is true regarding lipid metabolism?a. They are absorbed into the blood and travel to cellsb. They are metabolized by the liver into acetic acid via fat oxidationc. They are used for energy when we are sitting at restd. They are broken down into amino acids

61. Which of the following statements is false regarding the liver?a. Its preferred source of fuel is glucoseb. It works to maintain blood glucosec. It synthesizes cholesterol and lipoproteinsd. All of the above are true

62. If a patient was relying heavily on fat metabolism to produce ATP, the blood would become acidic and they would present with what condition?

a. Ketoacidosisb. Hyperlipidemiac. Acidemiad. Hyperlipidosis

63. Proteins must be broken down into _________ to be absorbed into the blood.a. Fatty acidsb. Amino acidsc. Uread. Proteins can be absorbed into the blood and do not need to be broken down

64. Which of the following pathways produce the most ATP?a. Glycolysisb. Citric Acid Cyclec. Electron Transport Chaind. Kreb’s Cycle

65. What senses a change in blood glucose?a. Insulinb. Pancreasc. Liverd. Glucagon

66. Which of the following is an anabolic hormone?a. Insulinb. Glucagonc. Secretind. CCK

67. Glycogenesis is the process of:a. Glycogen breaking down into glucoseb. Glucose being created from amino acids and proteinsc. Glycogen being created from amino acids and proteinsd. Glucose molecules being combined together to form glycogen

68. If a patient has constant hypoglycemia, it is possible that ___________ is not functioning normally.

a. Glucagonb. Insulinc. Amylased. Lactase

69. People with Type I diabetes cannot produce insulin; this means that they have a dysfunctional:a. Stomachb. Liverc. Pancreasd. Gallbladder

70. Glucagon is not responsible for which of the following processes?a. Glycogenesisb. Lipid breakdownc. Glycogenolysisd. Gluconeogenesis

71. Which of the following statements about cholesterol is TRUE?a. Cholesterol travels freely through the blood from body cells to the liverb. Cholesterol is broken down with lipids to create energyc. Cholesterol is made by the liverd. Most of our cholesterol comes from our diet

72. Which lipoproteins are considered “bad” and take cholesterol from the liver to the body cells?a. High-density lipoproteinsb. Low-density lipoproteinsc. Cholesterol-containing lipoproteinsd. All of the above

73. Basal metabolic rate is:a. The amount of heat produced by the body per unit of time during the entire dayb. The energy needed per unit of time under active conditionsc. The amount of heat produced by the body per unit of time under resting conditionsd. The amount of heat produced by the body per unit of time while exercising

74. What is the most important influencing factor of basal metabolic rate?a. Surface areab. Sexc. Aged. Thyroxine production

75. A thin, small individual would have a ________ effect on their BMR compared to a large, heavy individual.

a. Increasedb. Decreased

Good luck on your test!! :)