22 - CLASS NOTES CGC 1P1: Aboriginal History

Canada: is from Kanata, meaning “settlement” or “village” in the language of the Huron.

Saskatchewan: the province got its name from the Saskatchewan River, which the Cree called Kisiskatchewani Sipi, meaning “swift-flowing river.”

Manitoba: the likeliest source is the Cree maniot-wapow, “the strait of the spirit or manitobau." This name refers to the roaring sound produced by pebbles on a beach on Manitoba Island in Lake Manitoba.

- The Cree believed the noise sounded like a manito, a spirit, beating a drum. - It has also been suggested that the name comes from the Assiniboine words

mini and tobow, meaning “Lake of the Prairie.”

Ontario: this Huron name, first applied to the lake, may be a version of onitariio, meaning “beautiful lake,” or kanadario, which translates as “sparkling” or “beautiful” water.

Quebec: Aboriginal peoples first used the name kebek for the region around the city of Quebec. It refers to the Algonquin word for “narrow passage” or “strait” to indicate the narrowing of the river at Cape Diamond.

Yukon: this name belonged originally to the river, and is from a Loucheux word, LoYu-kun-ah, meaning “great river.”

Nunavut: the name of Canada’s newest territory, which came into being on April 1, 1999, and means “our land” in Inuktitut

TYPES OF ABORIGINALS:

With many hardships over the past 500 years,Aboriginals signed treaties with Europeans hoping to accomplish two goals:

1-

2-

Using your text(Chapter 16 p177-80) answer the following questions:

1. What is a treaty?

a) What is the British Royal Proclamation of 1763?

b) What two important principles did this give to British administrators who dealt with FirstNations?

c) In what ways were the principles of theRoyal Proclamation not followed?

2. What is the Indian Act of 1876?

Present Day Aboriginal Treaties and Conditions

There are two critical ways Aboriginals failed to meet theneeds of their people:

1.

2.

Loss of land:

European settlement took away Aboriginal People’s access to land Unable to maintain a Traditional way of life The 2360 reserves in Canada were only given a total of 27 500 km2 – about 0.3

% of Canada’s total area Land was of poor quality

Loss of Self Government:

• The traditions of some of the oldest democracies in the world run by the Aboriginal People were taken away by the dominated government

• were developed

• Aboriginal children were taken from their homes and sent to live and learn in schools where the idea of “ ” was promoted taking away their culture and way of life to assimilate them

• In several cases the children were abused as well

• Lack of did not allow the people to hunt or fish traditionally as the ‘New’ government made legislation to protect wildlife

Most treaties were signed in the 18th and 19th century. By _______ this process came to an end and it was even illegal between 1927 and 1951 for a First Nation to ____________________________________________________________ on its behalf.

TWO MAJOR TYPES OF LAND CLAIMS:

Comprehensive Claim: First Nation people that never signed treaties in the past and are seeking claims for their Aboriginal rights.

Comprehensive = covering many issues (land owernship, self-govt', financial, hunting/fishing/trapping rights)

Specific Land (Comprehensive) Claims: When First Nations feel that one or more of their terms from originalcomprehensive treaty are unfair, or not being met.

Read the Article:

Toxic Water: The Kashechewan Story

Complete the Questions in full sentences

Problems continue: Attawapiskat 2011

2012 IDLE NO MORE – Movement in

response to the problems First Nations

people were facing with the government