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Brewbaker Technology Magnet High SchoolSummer Language Assessment

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

DIRECTIONS Read each of the following sentences. Then, choose the answer that identifies the part of speech of each underlined word or word group.

EXAMPLE1. Sea anemones are invertebrate marine animals that usually have colorful, petal-like

tentacles.a. nounb. pronounc. verbd. adjectiveAnswer: A

____ 1. My great-grandfather, who was a professional baseball player, demonstrated how to throw a fastball.a. adverb c. nounb. preposition d. conjunction

____ 2. Charlie might have been elected junior-class president, but he did not campaign at all the week before elections.a. verb c. conjunctionb. pronoun d. adjective

____ 3. Wow! Two peregrine falcons have constructed a nest on top of that skyscraper!a. adverb c. nounb. interjection d. preposition

____ 4. Some roots are covered with thin projections, called root hairs, that absorb water and nutrients.a. adjective c. conjunctionb. pronoun d. adverb

____ 5. Proudly tossing its head, the Arabian stallion trotted in front of the admiring judges.a. interjection c. adverbb. verb d. noun

____ 6. If it were my choice, either Estella or Linda would be my partner in the salsa-dancing competition.a. adverb c. interjectionb. preposition d. conjunction

____ 7. In the nineteenth century, Edmonia Lewis, who was African American and Ojibwa, created a marble sculpture of Cleopatra; this artwork, which was discovered in a storage yard during the 1970s, was exhibited at the Smithsonian.a. conjunction c. interjectionb. noun d. adjective

____ 8. James is the student who yearns to be president of our school’s environmental club; he also wants to supervise this year’s recycling drive.a. preposition c. adverbb. pronoun d. verb


DIRECTIONS Read each of the following sentences. Choose the answer that identifies the kind of sentence.

EXAMPLE1. The hummingbird is hovering above the salvia plant in our backyard.

a. declarativeb. interrogativec. imperatived. exclamatoryAnswer: A

____ 9. For warmblooded mammals, how is hibernation different from sleep?a. declarative c. imperativeb. interrogative d. exclamatory

DIRECTIONS Read each of the following sentences. Choose the answer that tells how the underlined word or words are used in the sentence.

EXAMPLE2. Yes, Tyrone has a new band uniform.

a. verbb. subjectc. direct objectd. predicate nominativeAnswer: B

____ 10. In this bright light, don’t the yellow ovals embroidered on that kimono resemble lemons?a. direct object c. predicate adjectiveb. subject d. indirect object

____ 11. My neighbor, who is an accomplished gardener, showed me how to grow a young tree in the shape of a wreath.a. indirect object c. predicate nominativeb. objective complement d. predicate adjective

____ 12. Struggling against the wind, its wings flapping for balance, the robin fed the hatchlings worms.a. predicate nominative c. verbb. direct object d. indirect object

____ 13. Everyone on the girls’ soccer team considers the coach a hero.a. predicate nominative c. direct objectb. objective complement d. indirect object

DIRECTIONS Read each set of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in subject-verb or pronoun-antecedent agreement; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in agreement.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. The bag of tangerines and oranges are on the kitchen counter.b. Most of the seats for the concert has been reserved in advance.c. Penny, as well as her sisters, are going to the local carnival.d. Neither the daffodils nor the oak sapling was thriving.Answer: D


____ 14. ____a. To our disappointment, there was no rubies, sapphires, or diamonds in the abandoned

mine.b. Either the miniature horse or the potbellied pigs are Dominique’s favorite pets.c. According to my informal survey, one half of the students in the junior class agrees that

pep rallies should be held before every football game.d. Fossils of hard body parts, such as shell or bone, is the most common fossils.

____ 15. ____a. Each of the salamanders were found inside the terrarium, beneath a pile of twigs and old

leaves.b. If Larry, Pamela, and Mai go to the fencing demonstration, Mr. Dawson will give them

extra credit for their physical education class.c. Neither the ostrich nor the emu are exhibiting any interest in us.d. Antoinette, believe it or not, have lost her eyeglasses four times this year.

____ 16. ____a. One of the computers in the laboratory are producing mysterious error messages.b. Each of the boys is having his photograph taken this afternoon.c. Anyone who know how to rebuild an automobile engine has my admiration and respect.d. Each floor in the building have been designed to accommodate wheelchairs.

____ 17. ____a. My stepfather, who was raised in Tennessee, says that these mountains is frequently

shrouded in mist.b. The crowd of excited fans are on its feet because the singer just stepped on stage.c. Five months is the amount of time I will spend on a tour of Russia, Poland, and the Czech

Republic.d. Undoubtedly, Albert Einstein’s greatest contribution to theoretical physics were his theory

of relativity.____ 18. ____

a. Every panda have a “true” thumb as well as an extra thumb used for grasping bamboo.b. Understandably, many a junior and senior hopes to achieve high scores on standardized

tests.c. Someone, perhaps my secret pal, have left friendly notes on my locker all year.d. One of the boys left their sweater on the park bench.

DIRECTIONS Read each set of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in the use of pronouns; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in the use of pronouns.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Why do Elena and him think that fairy tales are boring?b. Before eating the apples, the raccoon carefully washed they.c. The woman who gave me the information about bird-watching was she.d. You should return the books to he and Mona.Answer: C


____ 19. ____a. For next week’s social studies class, either him or me will prepare a report on American

Indian vision quests.b. Would you be interested in taking Jimmy and they on the sportfishing cruise this

weekend?c. Between you and I, there aren’t enough costumes for the actors in All’s Well That Ends

Well.d. My mother divided the housecleaning chores among Beth, Rainey, and me.

____ 20. ____a. Next to your, my collection of Miles Davis albums seems insignificant.b. I was flattered by his taking my opinions about politics seriously.c. Priscilla and Brad are both biologists, but she had more job offers than him. d. Surely Jill and her put the cells on the slide.

____ 21. ____a. Rebecca, Leslie, and myself will try out for the swim team.b. Mrs. Peabody asked the two junior-class officers, Chan and I, to head the prom

decorations committee.c. Did your little sister make that delicious homemade lemonade herself?d. Who did your veterinarian recommend as a pet sitter?

____ 22. ____a. A famous athlete from the late 1950s through the 1970s was the soccer player Pelé, who

helped the Brazilian national team win the World Cup three times.b. Whom do you think could have predicted that Alexander’s gerbils would have more than

three dozen offspring within just a couple of years?c. Yes, I confess that the prankster who put a pair of socks in your lunchbox was me.d. Josephine and her friends have decided to have a surprise anniversary party for Bob and

she.____ 23. ____

a. It’s clear that him living in Greece last summer has given Paul an advantage in our history of western civilization course.

b. The best cheerleaders, Blanca, Alan, and her, learned to do a continuous series of back flips for the halftime show.

c. The assignment to research how giraffes developed long necks interested me more than it did he.

d. Is it true that those Romantic poets—William Blake, Lord Byron, and he—believed that emotions were more important than reason?

____ 24. ____a. Neither the Kaplans nor us plan to attend the lecture about blues musicians in the Deep

South.b. The tadpoles are quickly growing legs and using them to crawl on top of rocks in the

container.c. Lynnette received her acceptance letter after Bill and me did, even though she had applied

for the job months before.d. Yasmin wants to do a report on American Indian kivas with Bert and he.

____ 25. ____a. According to my brother and she, if a human had the jumping ability of a grasshopper, he

or she could leap about 120 feet.b. The people who praised the new highway traffic control system were Monique and I.c. Betina and him are agricultural researchers; they work outdoors studying complicated and

often subtle relationships, such as the one between plants and insects.d. The new yearbooks have arrived at Ms. Hernandez’s office; did Alana and him pick up

theirs yet?


DIRECTIONS Read each set of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have unclear pronoun references; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in pronoun reference.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. We enjoyed our stay at the Sleepy Bear Ski Resort; they provided free breakfast and hot chocolate.

b. Each of the T-shirts is marked with my initials in such a way that it cannot be erased.

c. I recall that we met dozens of my cousins in Tennessee, but I am unable to remember it well.

d. My stepfather is passionate about his job as a marine biologist; consequently, he is not surprised that I have chosen the same profession.

Answer: D____ 26. ____

a. At dinner, Marguerita told her sister, Lupé, that she had made delicious tamales.b. The puppy has learned to sit, stay, and lie down; this should please my father.c. Jarvis admitted to the dentist that he did not think he flossed frequently enough.d. Her brother, William, is an expert in native plants; he is especially knowledgeable about

wild grasses and flowers.____ 27. ____

a. Jimmy makes delicious whole-wheat bread, and his brother Ralph loves to eat it with honey spread on top.

b. The shrink-wrapping machine stands waist-high to the operator, which is approximately three and a half feet off the ground.

c. The benefit for the homeless shelter was widely advertised; that made it a resounding success.

d. During the war, many people were unable to work or continue their education; this created a problem after the fighting ceased.

____ 28. ____a. In the article about my little brother’s struggle with juvenile diabetes, they comment on his

bright red, curly hair.b. South Africa is known for its mining wealth; two of these are gold and diamonds.c. Lizards basked contentedly on rocks and boulders that were warmed by the sun.d. Aunt Jean often volunteers to serve overseas charities, which gives her the opportunity to

see many remarkable places.____ 29. ____

a. In the book about that famous actress, it revealed that she actively supported many good causes.

b. I sometimes turn cartwheels in the backyard, which makes my little sister want to be a gymnast.

c. In the local newspaper an article about the president described his favorite foods.d. The bear turned and slowly walked away; this disappointed the wildlife photographer.

____ 30. ____a. More than twenty students want to edit or design the high school newspaper; this is not

surprising.b. Alison wanted to talk to Lisette about her desktop publishing project on amphibians, but

she was too busy with math homework.c. While Gina was talking to Karen, she got a phone call.d. Before being sheared by the farmer, the sheep made a loud “baa,” rose on its hind legs,

and attempted to escape from the paddock.


____ 31. ____a. At the circus, you gasp with amazement when the acrobats leap through the air.b. Sidney gave Carrie an album of hip-hop music; Carrie loved all of them.c. Because we built fences around the property, the goats cannot escape and eat our

neighbors’ petunias.d. The city is growing, and the traffic is getting worse; this concerns the city council.

DIRECTIONS Read each set of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in the use of verbs; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in the use of verbs

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Jack intends to sell his old CDs at the flea market last week.b. If he was my tennis partner, we would win the doubles championship.c. Before she fertilized the roses, she has trimmed the juniper hedges.d. Investigate the climate’s impact on patterns of caribou migration.Answer: D

____ 32. ____a. The porcupine and her babies were laying in the cornfield behind the barn.b. The book about Maya Angelou has laid there all morning.c. Before Grandfather hugged Lou and me, he lay his bag of gifts on the table.d. Relishing his first day of vacation, John lay in the hammock and read a mystery.

____ 33. ____a. Emmeline poured the tea after she had set the teacups on their saucers.b. Sit the tomatillos on the counter; I’ll use them for tonight’s supper.c. The cat, watching sparrows at the bird feeder, set in the window for hours.d. If he had set on that old chair, surely it would have broken.

____ 34. ____a. Every morning at camp, the counselors raised before we did.b. Because the house is cold, the pizza-crust dough has not risen properly.c. The chimpanzee rose its hand and waved at the thrilled schoolchildren.d. My neighbors are very patriotic; they have risen the flag on every state and federal holiday

this year.____ 35. ____

a. In biology class I learned that marrow is soft tissue in the center of bones.b. At the marching band’s car wash last weekend, a donation of fifty dollars is being made

by the mayor.c. Yesterday, chili has been made by my little brother for the first time.d. Can I go on the field trip to the National Gallery of Art?

____ 36. ____a. When our dog was a puppy, he gets into all sorts of mischief.b. Ernie cutted his hand on the lid of the can.c. The workers, who were employed by Solid Foundation, Inc., poured concrete for the

building’s front entrance.d. Watching for almost two hours, I finally saw the peacock’s magnificent fan of tail feathers

and take a picture.


DIRECTIONS Read each set of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in the use of modifiers; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in the use of modifiers.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Of the three branches of government, is the legislative branch the one citizens understand least?

b. Christian hits the golf ball accuratelier than Brandy does.c. Of Paris, France, and Bonn, Germany, which is farthest from his home?d. My golden retriever always obeys good when we’re in the park.Answer: A

____ 37. ____a. Stefan, tired and not feeling good, ran the marathon so slow that he finished last.b. Because she had studied for hours, Louisa was not surprised that she did well on the

Calculus I test.c. This vase is the most unique piece in the entire gallery.d. The tires on Mimi’s bicycle are newer than Peter.

____ 38. ____a. Because of the beautiful red, yellow, and gold leaves, I like autumn better than any season.b. The squirrels all ran more faster than our old, overweight cat.c. Beverly is tall, but Minnie is the tallest girl in our junior class.d. My sister was real pleased when she won two gold medals in the Special Olympics.

____ 39. ____a. In my opinion, many people do not follow instructions in tests close enough.b. I think that Edward is the best football player on the junior-senior team.c. My beautician says she wants her clients to leave feeling more beautifuller than they did

when they arrived.d. Despite my expectations, I found that the metric system was not real difficult to master.

____ 40. ____a. Almost breathless with excitement, the archaeologist appeared cautiously as she

unwrapped the crumbling mummy.b. Marta has made more charcoal sketches, pen-and-ink drawings, and oil paintings than any

member of our art class.c. Am I correct in assuming that he believes Aristotle was more wiser than Plato?d. In choir today, we decided that Sarah sings better than anyone else.

____ 41. ____a. Each month, Dr. Ramirez donates more time than anybody to Meals on Wheels.b. Do you think that Claude Monet painted more colorfully than artists of his day?c. Maria was believable in her passionate portrayal of Joan of Arc.d. Because he had a comfortabler sleeping bag, Harry slept more deeply than the other

Scouts.____ 42. ____

a. Many people consider Mexico City’s Metropolitan Cathedral one of the most beautifullest churches on earth; it is also the oldest cathedral in North America.

b. My little sister wonders if Winnie-the-Pooh is more cuter than Tigger or Piglet.c. That French brie is the softest, most creamiest cheese I have ever eaten.d. Of all the girls on the junior touch-football squad, I like Alberta the best because she plays

intelligently.


DIRECTIONS Read each set of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in the placement of modifiers; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in the placement of modifiers.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Having bought a new baseball bat, Alice’s game did not immediately show improvement.

b. Finished with the examination, the papers were handed in by the students.c. On my way to the mall, I picked up my friend Sarah.d. Being animal behavior scientists, the rats were studied by the professors.Answer: C

____ 43. ____a. My sister discovered a family of red foxes hiking in the woods last weekend.b. That racket really concerns Lawrence coming from the engine of his beloved jalopy.c. Determined, the newborn calf struggled to rise to its feet.d. While shaving, showering, and dressing for school, it began to rain.

____ 44. ____a. We saw several cheetahs and leopards driving on a wildlife safari through the Serengeti.b. The giggling children fed the tame ponies wearing matching sailor suits.c. Pressed for time, the roast chicken and biscuits were eaten quickly.d. Soaring above the lake, the bald eagles hunted for bass and other fish.

____ 45. ____a. Wanting to make a good impression, a clean, well-fitting suit and polished shoes were

worn to the job interview.b. Preparing for the winter, the busy squirrel buried acorns throughout our yard.c. Emerging from the tunnel, the green, sunlit valley appeared.d. The child was found by Tamara hiding behind the kitchen door.

____ 46. ____a. The rodeo clown stared down the bull, seemingly unafraid.b. My uncle, who is running for mayor, gave baseballs to my friends with his name stamped

on them.c. I know a sweet-tempered terrier with one ear named “Pepper.”d. On her way to school, Dana saw a blue jay chasing another bird.

____ 47. ____a. According to my grandmother, this tea can cure bronchitis that smells like peppermint.b. Running constantly, the computer calculated the spaceship’s distance from earth.c. Mario was bitten by several mosquitoes eating a picnic lunch in the park.d. We saw several rabbits riding motorcycles through the forest.

DIRECTIONS Read each set of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in standard, formal usage; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in standard, formal usage.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Accept for Jeff, all of my friends are studying for the quiz tomorrow.b. Should Mr. Lee except Penelope from making the speech because of her laryngitis?c. Can you tell me where the admissions office is at?d. Devon knitted alot of those argyle sweaters.Answer: B


____ 48. ____a. I don’t always understand William Shakespeare’s allusions, but the notes in our textbook

usually explain them.b. Being as my sister Tina is only three years old, she shouldn’t be unsupervised for very

long.c. Stumbling through the desert, he saw a blue lake surrounded by palm trees; was his vision

real or an allusion?d. Isn’t he the archaeologist who invented those wonderful, ancient cave drawings?

____ 49. ____a. Even though Ivan’s parents are from Moscow, he don’t like borscht, black bread, or any

other traditional Russian foods.b. My little brother isn’t hardly cranky very often.c. Bernadette can’t go nowhere without the four puppies following her.d. That tendon, even though it is barely an inch long, connects the muscle to the bone.

____ 50. ____a. Mr. Reyes learned us that overwatering can harm plants as much as underwatering does.b. Manny, your truck sounds like it’s going to explode at any second!c. Please remember to toss your aluminum cans and glass bottles into the recycling bin

outside of the garage.d. The lion bared its teeth and roared as if something were annoying it.

____ 51. ____a. Until I went to Redwood National Park, I hadn’t never seen trees taller than thirty feet

high.b. The winter day was so dark that we couldn’t of seen very far without the headlights.c. Because of the pouring rain, we didn’t see nobody else at the pep rally Thursday.d. The new restaurant has lowered its prices somewhat since the customers complained.

____ 52. ____a. Well, you ought to of called home to let your parents know where you were.b. Didn’t Hector tell you that you can download that shareware off of the Internet?c. The horse could of crushed the cat with one kick; instead, the two animals seemed to get

along well together.d. Laughing and smiling at the camera, the astronauts bounced off the floors, ceilings, and

walls of the space station.____ 53. ____

a. After the bake sale, the profits were divided equally between the three charities.b. Can you distinguish among a pony, a horse, a mule, and a donkey?c. That new TV show is perfect for people who are home during the day.d. I didn’t mean to infer that we never have fights or disagreements.

DIRECTIONS Read each of the following sets of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in capitalization; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in capitalization.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Is it true that the United States entered world war II in 1941?b. According to the new schedule, Algebra class meets on Mondays.c. The Kentucky Derby is held at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky.d. Did president Roosevelt say that we have nothing to fear but fear itself?Answer: C


____ 54. ____a. Professor Hoskins, who teaches Western Philosophy 101, has been employed by Redbud

Community College for his entire career.b. According to the department of transportation spokesperson, several roads, including

interstate 35, have deep potholes and need repair.c. After spinning a case out of silk and tiny grains of sand, the fly larva walked South along

the bottom of the riverbed.d. How did you learn about the treaty of versailles and form such interesting theories about

the document’s background?____ 55. ____

a. A four-color photograph of the recent Meteor Shower was published in Cameras Today.b. At the fourth of July concert, the Boston pops played several of Aaron Copland’s patriotic

pieces.c. In english class this fall, we will be reading part of Emily Dickinson’s Collected poems

and Arthur Miller’s Death of a salesman.d. The first Buddhist scripture compiled after the death of the Buddha was the Tripitika,

which includes rules, sermons, and discussions of doctrine.____ 56. ____

a. Monique speaks german, although she’s never visited germany; in contrast, Pete does not speak spanish, even though he lived in madrid for three months.

b. Please send the gift to Aunt Enid’s new address—111 Murricane Street, alberta, Canada, 2KE 515.

c. Yes, dr. Travis is an excellent physician, but her expertise is in gastrointestinal disorders, not orthopedics.

d. To survive the Antarctic winter, penguins have layers of fat that insulate them from the cold.

____ 57. ____a. Although our relatives from El Salvador enjoyed their stay with us, they had difficulty

understanding the accents spoken in the United States’ deep south.b. After shooting pictures for an hour with our new Kodak® digital camera, we set up camp

in Yellowstone National Park.c. That spectacular flower, found beside the Colorado river, has speckled pink petals and a

bluish green stem.d. His opinion is as follows: The fall of the roman empire influenced art, literature, and

music in the Middle Ages.____ 58. ____

a. Bob Parker, who is vice-president of the Technology tomorrow club, will teach interested students how to use Microsoft® Word and several other software applications.

b. My little sister was disappointed to learn that not all birds fly South for the Winter.c. For Father’s Day, Tina gave Dad a card that she had made from construction paper,

ribbons, and sequins; he was thrilled and said that she had artistic talent.d. “Do you know the poem about Abraham Lincoln that begins, ‘o Captain! my Captain!’?”

asked Laverne.____ 59. ____

a. Is General Motors Corporation’s headquarters near the intersection of brush street and the John C. Lodge freeway?

b. Daniel Egstrom, who is a volunteer for Doctors Without Borders, has visited Nigeria, Rwanda, and Turkey several times.

c. Did you know that Beyoncé’s new album sold out in every Lend me your Ears music store within only two hours?

d. According to my aunt Mina, the Daughters of the American Revolution did an excellent job of restoring the old house on main street.


____ 60. ____a. “Your textbook indicates,” said Mrs. Barnaby, “that Sitting bull was a well-known chief of

the Hunkpapa Sioux.”b. Beaming proudly, rachel accepted the junior-class student council’s citizenship award.c. Crickets, which often live in shallow burrows, feed on plants, animals and fabrics; you

sometimes can see them by the light of the Moon.d. My little brother Jeff was so fascinated by the Mexican jumping beans that he put them in

an envelope and took them everywhere.____ 61. ____

a. Jimmy Stewart, the famous Movie Star who often played the affable, idealistic man-next-door, also starred in a number of Westerns.

b. Do you agree that butterflies are a symbol of all that is beautiful but fleeting in our life on earth?

c. Willa really believes that when she holds that seashell next to her ear, she hears the Ocean.d. The Munchkins, who welcomed Dorothy to oz, were dressed in whimsical, colorful

clothing.

DIRECTIONS Read each of the following sets of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set have errors in the use of end marks and commas; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in the use of end marks and commas.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Bernie became soaked in the strong, storm even though he had an umbrella.b. Exhausted after the first game of the double-header, the catcher fell asleep in the

dugout during the second game.c. Louisa please don’t bring home any more rabbits or turtles!d. Although I love my dog I don’t want to take him on our vacation to New York City.Answer: B

____ 62. ____a. The coach idly wondered whether Jennifer, who is a graceful ballet dancer would also be a

good gymnast?b. Penny pulled down the shade, drew the curtains together lit the candles on the table and

switched off the lamp.c. The huge mollusk family includes not only oysters clams, and scallops, but also octopuses

squids, snails, and other creatures.d. The smallest member of the mollusk family is less than one millimeter long, and the body

of the largest mollusk is more than twenty-six feet long.____ 63. ____

a. Studying as a group for the biology test was, to put it mildly, a challenge.b. The Amazon region of Brazil a hot and humid area is home to more than 1,500 kinds of

birds.c. May I ask, Jill why you chose to visit the Denver Art Museum and not the Museum of

Natural History, or the Colorado Heritage Center?d. “To be or not to be,” according to Samantha is part of a well-known soliloquy in William

Shakespeare’s Hamlet.


____ 64. ____a. The shade of that ancient gnarled oak tree is wonderful during hot summer days.b. Patrick jumped into the convertible turned on the ignition, and quickly put the top up to

keep out the rain.c. After eating supper she watched a documentary about space exploration, and read the

newspaper.d. “Octavio Paz, one of my favorite poets, is from Mexico,” said Javier.

____ 65. ____a. The tiny, pink motherless baby squirrels were cared for by the Garston family for six

weeks.b. At first Jason seemed completely wrong for the role but when he read during his audition,

the producers decided that he was perfect.c. Speaking enthusiastically, the scuba diver described the beautiful coral reefs that she had

seen in the South Pacific.d. Yes those flowers will wilt after you pick them, even if you put them in water

immediately.____ 66. ____

a. My dermatologist, Lucy Liston, M.D. has an extraordinary aquarium in her waiting room.b. The thick, dark green moss, much to our delight, formed a soft carpet on the forest floor.c. Chan, writing from summer camp, sent the following note: “Dear Dad I need some extra

money to buy a new tennis racket.”d. On Monday, January 30 2012 my twin brother, Peter, and I will turn eighteen.

____ 67. ____a. “I wonder,” she speculated, “if our mysterious reclusive neighbor works for the CIA?”b. Chuck wore an old ragged baseball cap to the prom this year; he amused himself, but he

did not entertain anyone else.c. “Not surprisingly,” my botany teacher said, “the group of fungi known as puffballs live up

to their name by releasing large, clouds of spores when they are touched.”d. Smiling and looking rested, Susan admitted that she had done nothing all weekend but

read novels, bake bread, and watch old movies.____ 68. ____

a. “Sylvia I made a new kind of salsa today from watermelon, onion, cilantro, jicama, and balsamic vinegar,” boasted Diana.

b. The story begins in the desolate dusty wilderness of West Texas where the bones of a giant species of dinosaur were found.

c. Maneuvering skillfully through the heavy boat traffic the tugboat towed the ship loaded with cars, trucks, vans, and buses across the harbor.

d. Incredibly enough, our August camping trip in Joshua Tree National Park in the Southern California desert was pleasant; the dry heat did not bother us.

DIRECTIONS Read each of the following sets of sentences. Three of the sentences in each set use one or more punctuation marks incorrectly; one sentence is written correctly. Choose the sentence that is written correctly, with NO ERRORS in the use of punctuation marks.

EXAMPLE1. ____

a. Waiting for the weather to clear up; they played chess indoors for hours.b. We planted the following items in our garden: carrots, corn, pumpkins, and

zucchini.c. Herman Melvilles Moby-Dick has been made into a movie at least three times.d. Jimmy Sanchezs and Rosie Danforth’s houses are both two-story, brick buildings.Answer: B


____ 69. ____a. Being dedicated and strong, Art practiced for the track meet three hours each day;

consequently, it was no surprise when he placed in every event he entered.b. “Our ability to understand truth is limited, our obligation and power to seek it is limitless,”

said my grandfather.c. The rose, which was deep crimson and in full bloom; was so perfect that it looked

artificial.d. Creeping along the riverbank, the tractor dug up the soft mud; and even lifted the

enormous boulders.____ 70. ____

a. Our English 301 teacher, Ms. Solterman, says that some of her favorite authors are as follows: Julia Alvarez; Gwendolyn Brooks; and Katherine Anne Porter.

b. If we do not complete the dig before winter—and the archaeologist expects that we won’t, then perhaps we should cover up the site.

c. The pale orange jellyfish drifting near the shore is dangerous but—truly fascinating.d. America’s most famous president is probably—let me think for a second—either George

Washington or John F. Kennedy.____ 71. ____

a. Your theories about the walkingstick insect’s camouflage (most of us think your ideas are brilliant) will be published in a scientific journal someday.

b. Do you agree that Arnolds feeding the stray cat was the right thing to do?c. Reading the article about red, brown, and green algae (see Chapter 10 (don’t bother

memorizing the statistics)) is your assignment for tomorrow.d. I felt as if I had accomplished something remarkable, I had learned how to swim after

fifteen years of being afraid of the water.____ 72. ____

a. Eddie’s and Martha’s mother is an expert on Hopi ceramics; she will be teaching a course on that subject at Acorn Community College this fall.

b. The alligator, sunning itself on the log, stared at us with half-open eyes.c. The people on my newspaper route gave me one-hundred dollars worth of coupons for

free meals and video rentals.d. If your intrigued by ancient life, fossils, and geology, you might want to visit some actual

digs.____ 73. ____

a. Two-thirds of the audience at the rock concert gave the band a standing ovation, but the other one-third stayed seated.

b. Laura’s new, well designed car can run for two years without a tune-up.c. With its spines covering its back, the hedgehog repels many predators by rolling itself into

a ball.d. Even though Manuel is not vain, he has made almost two-dozen self portraits in art class

this year.____ 74. ____

a. The Scarlet Letter is more famous than Nathaniel Hawthornes’ other books, such as The Blithedale Romance.

b. Is the childrens’ baby sitter going to let them run through that sprinkler all afternoon?c. Will you be attending the bake-off volunteers’ party at the Joneses’ house this Sunday?d. Although its not humble to say so, I think my presentation of the chemistry experiment

was the most lively entry in the science fair.


____ 75. ____a. “I believe,” said my stepfather, “that the first major hit in the United States by the Beatles

was the song ‘I Want to Hold Your Hand.’”b. “Did you read that article in “The New York Times” called ‘The Best Vacations for

Outdoor Fun’”?c. Renata said, “We are going to discuss the story ‘Soldier’s Home’ in the literature book.d. “According to Lenny, this year’s school carnival will be ‘fantabulous’” exclaimed Harold.

____ 76. ____a. “I think the correct answer is . . . . spiral galaxy!” shouted the contestant.b. Deborah has seen her favorite animated films—The Lion King and Pocahontas—at least

three times each.c. Which painting do you like more—Sandro Botticelli’s “Birth of Venus” or Grant Wood’s

“American Gothic”?d. “Could you please explain,” Devonne said, “what it means to mind your p’s and q’s?”

DIRECTIONS In the three passages that follow, certain words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the questions below you will find alternatives for each underlined part. You are to choose the one that best expresses the idea and makes the statement appropriate for standard written English. If you think the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE.” Read each passage through once before you begin to answer the questions. You cannot determine most answers without reading several sentences beyond the question.

Passage I(1) Look up in the sky think about dinosaurs. That’s what some scientists would like you to do when

you see a bird flying.(2) Many scientists believe that modern-day birds are distantly related to the dinosaurs. That once

lived on earth. (3) Years of study have led them. To this conclusion. Evidence supporting this theory has recently been found.

(4) The evidence is about seventy-five million years old, the evidence has convinced some scientists of the bird-dinosaur connection. The evidence is a three-foot-long dinosaur skeleton. (5) Now that it has been reassembled, scientists say its body resembles that of a roadrunner. A bird found in North America and Mexico. Experts estimate the animal would have weighed about seven pounds. The skeleton has arms that look like wings with claws. In addition, it has hairlike feathers. (6) The skeleton is similar to that of a bird, scientists are not sure whether the dinosaur could fly.

The skeleton was unearthed in 1994 by a teenage fossil hunter. (7) It is on display at the Graves Museum of Archaeology & Natural History, where scientists have studied the specimen.

____ 77. ____a. NO CHANGEb. Many scientists believe. That modern-day birds are distantly related to the dinosaurs that

once lived on earth.c. Many scientists believe that modern-day birds are distantly related to the dinosaurs that

once lived on earth.d. Many scientists believe. That modern-day birds are distantly related to the dinosaurs. That

once lived on earth.____ 78. ____

a. NO CHANGEb. resembles that of a roadrunner, a bird found in North America and Mexico.c. resembles that of a roadrunner, a roadrunner is a bird found in North America and Mexico.d. resembles that of a roadrunner because it’s a bird found in North America and Mexico.


Passage II(8) When people think of scuba diving, they probably think of tropical fish, sandy beaches, and to be

in warm climates. Imagine, however, diving under the Antarctic ice. Who would consider such a feat? The Antarctic diving season begins in September, the beginning of summer in the Southern

Hemisphere. For the previous six months, Antarctica has had no sunlight. Phytoplankton, the tiny ocean life forms that depend on the sun for survival, have died off. The lack of phytoplankton makes the water crystal clear.(9) Because divers can see for hundreds of feet in every direction, they have a feeling of being suspended in space.

Given the chance to observe fascinating ocean life, scientists and adventure-seeking divers brave the icy waters surrounding the frozen continent of Antarctica. (10) Divers cross the ice on a large, slow machine called a dive spryte this machine takes them to the dive-hut. (11) Until the surface of the water is frozen, divers have to enter the water through a hole in the ice. They enter through the primary dive hole, which is covered by the dive-hut. In the diffuse underwater light, the ice sheet above looks to the divers like clouds hovering in a strange, new atmosphere. (12) As they begin their journey, the divers notice that a Weddell seal and her pup are borrowing the dive hole to use for breathing, but the divers are unconcerned. The dive tenders on the surface are busy keeping clear the outer safety holes, which provide the divers with alternative exits. Under the water, the ice divers see enormous jellyfish with tentacles thirty feet long. (13) Some jellyfish are the size of a large barrel. Seem to flutter and pulse along with the current. Colorful sea stars and oversized sea spiders dot the path as the divers explore. The divers know that frigid Antarctic waters harbor especially large creatures. (14) These creatures have few predators they have slow metabolisms.

When it’s time for the divers to leave, they swim along a brilliant, bright blue iceberg, scanning the ice overhead. (15) Finding the primary dive hole won’t be difficult those seals are blocking the way. Rounding a curve on the iceberg, the divers finally see bright sunlight shining through one of the safety holes. They choose this exit rather than disturb any seals that may linger at the primary dive hole. Leaving behind a bright and peaceful world, they emerge into a land of harsh winter blizzard.

____ 79. ____a. NO CHANGEb. Because divers can see for hundreds of feet in every direction. They have a feeling of

being suspended in space.c. Divers can see for hundreds of feet in every direction. Having a feeling of being

suspended in space.d. Divers can see for hundreds of feet in every direction, since they have a feeling of being

suspended in space.____ 80. ____

a. NO CHANGEb. dive spryte; this machinec. dive spryte, but this machined. dive spryte, however, this machine

____ 81. ____a. NO CHANGEb. Because the surface of the water is frozen,c. Before the surface of the water is frozen,d. Although the surface of the water is frozen,

____ 82. ____a. NO CHANGE c. breathing, for the diversb. breathing, since the divers d. breathing, or the divers

____ 83. ____


a. NO CHANGEb. These creatures have few predators and slow metabolisms.c. These creatures have few predators and they have slow metabolisms.d. These creatures have few predators but they have slow metabolisms.

____ 84. ____a. NO CHANGEb. difficult, and those seals are blocking the way.c. difficult, whereas those seals are blocking the way.d. difficult unless those seals are blocking the way.

Passage IIIAs our culture changes, we seem to have an ever stronger need to preserve our past. This need has led

to the establishment of many museums. (16) For example, we have museums, that are about art, we have science museums and museums that are about space. Now, one museum will preserve the history of diners in the United States.

Once a fairly common sight, railroad-car-shaped eateries are no longer as prevalent. (17) However, you can still occasionally spot these diners, their shape makes them unmistakable. Though each has its own character, diners in general have shared common elements. (18) Stainless steel construction, a row of stools at a bar, and hearty but relatively simple food.

Walter Scott is the man credited with creating the first diner. He served food from a horse-drawn rail wagon in 1872. Other people took his idea and adapted it. They never strayed far from the railroad dining car image, though. (19) Diner manufacturers continue to turn out stunning stainless steel diners based on the dining car design and some of the manufacturers have operated since 1906.

To honor the diner’s “contribution to history and culture,” the American Diner Museum was established in 1996. A permanent home for the museum will be located in Providence, Rhode Island. The museum will commemorate those who built diners, owned diners, and worked in diners across the United States. (20) The museum will offer visitors the opportunity to interact with video displays, visitors can also view various exhibits. This museum will preserve an important piece of restaurant history: the classic American diner.

____ 85. ____a. NO CHANGEb. However, you can still occasionally spot these diners unless their shape makes them

unmistakable.c. However, you can still occasionally spot these diners; their shape makes them

unmistakable.d. However, you can still occasionally spot these diners, but their shape makes them

unmistakable.____ 86. ____

a. NO CHANGEb. Stainless steel construction and a row of stools at a bar and hearty but relatively simple

food.c. Many have stainless steel construction, a row of stools at a bar, and hearty but relatively

simple food.d. Stainless steel construction and a row of stools at a bar are two common elements, hearty

but relatively simple food is another common element.

____ 87. ____


a. NO CHANGEb. Diner manufacturers, some of which continue to turn out stunning stainless steel diners

based on the dining car design, and have operated since 1906.c. Diner manufacturers, some of which have operated since 1906, continue to turn out

stunning stainless steel diners based on the dining car design.d. Diner manufacturers continue to turn out stunning stainless steel diners based on the

dining car design in operation since 1906.____ 88. ____

a. NO CHANGEb. opportunity to interact with video displays and to view various exhibits.c. opportunity to interact with video displays, and viewing various exhibits.d. interactive video displays, and various exhibits they can view.

DIRECTIONS Read the sentences in each box. Then, read the sentences that follow each box. Choose the answer that most clearly and correctly combines the sentences in the box without changing their meaning.

____ 89.Not many of my classmates took the class seriously. It was an astronomy class.

a. Not many of my classmates took the astronomy class seriously.b. Because it was an astronomy class not many of my classmates took the class seriously.c. Not many of my serious classmates took the astronomy class.d. Not many of my classmates took the class seriously, or it was an astronomy class.

____ 90.Many were there because they had heard astronomy was an easy class. The class fulfilled a science requirement.

a. Fulfilling a science requirement, the class was easy many were there because of that.b. Many were there because they had heard astronomy was an easy class that fulfilled a

science requirement.c. Many were there because they had heard astronomy was an easy class; therefore it

fulfilled a science requirement.d. Many were there because they had heard astronomy was an easy class, it fulfilled a

science requirement.____ 91.

The topic appealed to me. The teacher appealed to me.

a. The topic appealed to me; however, the teacher appealed to me.b. The topic or the teacher appealed to me.c. Both the topic and the teacher appealed to me.d. The topic appealed to me so that the teacher appealed to me.

____ 92.She shared her love of science with the class. She was determined to teach us.

a. She shared her love of science with the class she was determined to teach us.b. Determined to teach us, she shared her love of science with the class.c. She shared her love of science with the class or she was determined to teach us.d. Although she shared her love of science with the class she was determined to teach us.

____ 93.


Dr. Kadler was enthusiastic about astronomy. Dr. Kadler was an energetic teacher.

a. Dr. Kadler, an energetic teacher, was enthusiastic about astronomy.b. Dr. Kadler was enthusiastic about astronomy, she was an energetic teacher.c. Dr. Kadler was enthusiastic about astronomy, an energetic teacher.d. When Dr. Kadler was enthusiastic she was an energetic teacher.

____ 94.I looked through a telescope. The telescope was big.

a. I looked through a telescope, but it was big.b. The telescope was big when I looked through it.c. Looking through a telescope, it was big.d. I looked through a big telescope.

____ 95.Many people are fascinated with tornadoes. Tornadoes cause widespread destruction.

a. Because many people are fascinated with them tornadoes cause widespread destruction.b. Many people are fascinated with tornadoes, which cause widespread destruction.c. Causing widespread destruction, many people are fascinated with tornadoes.d. Many people are fascinated with tornadoes, they cause widespread destruction.

____ 96.Tornadoes are fast and powerful. They are also dangerous.

a. Tornadoes are fast and powerful they are also dangerous.b. Tornadoes are fast and powerful unless they are dangerous.c. Tornadoes are fast and dangerous, however, they are powerful.d. Tornadoes are fast, powerful, and dangerous.

____ 97.The peak season for tornadoes is from late spring to early summer. Tornadoes can form any time of the year.

a. Forming any time of the year, the peak season for tornadoes is from late spring to early summer.

b. The peak season for tornadoes is from late spring to early summer; therefore, tornadoes can form any time of the year.

c. The peak season for tornadoes is from late spring to early summer, but tornadoes can form any time of the year.

d. Tornadoes can form any time of the year, or the peak season for tornadoes is from late spring to early summer.

____ 98.The data allowed scientists to test a number of their hypotheses. The data were comprehensive.

a. The data, which were comprehensive and allowed scientists to test a number of their hypotheses.

b. Being comprehensive, scientists were allowed to test a number of their hypotheses with the data.

c. The data allowed scientists to test a number of their comprehensive hypotheses.d. The comprehensive data allowed scientists to test a number of their hypotheses.

____ 99.


There is a common explanation of how tornadoes form. Warm, moist air from the south mixes with cold air from the north and dry air from the west.

a. A common explanation of how tornadoes form is that warm, moist air from the south mixes with cold air from the north and dry air from the west.

b. If warm, moist air from the south mixes with cold air from the north and dry air from the west, tornadoes form, that is a common explanation.

c. How tornadoes form is commonly explained, and it is by mixing warm, moist air from the south with cold air from the north and dry air from the west.

d. Forming from the mixture of warm, moist air from the south with cold air from the north and dry air from the west, this explanation of how tornadoes form is common.

____ 100.This situation is, in fact, the recipe for a thunderstorm. Not every thunderstorm generates a tornado.

a. This situation is, in fact, the recipe for a thunderstorm, not every thunderstorm generates a tornado.

b. This situation is, in fact, the recipe for a thunderstorm because not every thunderstorm generates a tornado.

c. This situation is, in fact, the recipe for a thunderstorm, but not every thunderstorm generates a tornado.

d. Since this situation is, in fact, the recipe for a thunderstorm, not every thunderstorm generates a tornado.

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