EOC REVIEWUse Escambia County website for extra review. We will review by reporting categories.

Pop Quiz (before your test date)Test Date

(Test Date is subject to change by period based on testing schedules)I. Reporting Category 1 - ORIGINS AND PURPOSES OF LAW AND

GOVERNMENTa. Enlightenment Ideas: SS.7.C.1.1b. Impact of Key Documents: SS.7.C.1.2c. English Policies: SS.7.C.1.3d. Declaration of Independence: SS.7.C.1.4e. Articles of Confederation: SS.7.C.1.5f. Preamble of the Constitution: SS.7.C.1.6g. Separation of Powers and Checks & Balances: SS.7.C.1.7h. Federalists and Anti-Federalists: SS.7.C.1.8i. Rule of Law: SS.7.C.1.9j. Sources & Types of Laws: SS.7.C.3.10

II. ENLIGHTENMENT Philosophersa. John Locke –

i. natural rights – 1. life, liberty and property – 2. Declaration of Independence

b. Baron Montesquieu – i. separation of powers – Constitution – 3 branches of government – checks

and balances ii. Legislative: makes laws, approves presidential employees,

1. Senate – two from each state, 2. House – based on population (Senate and House of

Representatives make Congress) iii. Executive: signs/vetoes laws, pardons people, appoints federal judges,

elected every 4 years (President and Dept. Heads) iv. Judicial: decides if laws are constitutional, appointed by president, 9

justices, can overturn rulings of over judges (Judges/Courts)III. The Magna Carta

a. British Documentb. 1215 – first document that put a limit on the king’s powers

i. Trial by juryii. Right to rebel if government broke the contract.

IV. English Foundationsa. Parliament – lawmakers that assist the king/queen with ruling the country

i. Congressb. Common Law – basic laws that all people must follow

i. Rule of law (nobody above the law) c. English Bill of Rights – founding rights that the USA used when writing their

Bill of Rightsi. Due process of the law

ii. No cruel punishmentiii. People have the right to petition the king/government

V. Colonial Governmentsa. Jamestown

i. Representative Democracyii. Virginia House of Burgesses – was the congress/law makers

b. Plymouthi. Direct Democracy

ii. Mayflower Compact – contract where the Pilgrims agreed on creating a government and on following the laws (applies social contract, rule of law, self-government)

VI. Events Leading to Independencea. Sugar Act – 3 cent tax on sugarb. Stamp Act – a tax on all official papersc. Declaratory Act – gave Britain the right to tax the colonies as they saw “fit”d. Townshend Act – tax on glass and other itemse. Tea Act – tax on tea – lead to the Boston Tea Party – Where colonists protested

the taxf. Coercive/Intolerable Act – quartering of British troops in colonists homesg. “No Taxation Without Representation” – colonists did not think the British

should tax them if they did not have colonists in the British Parliament as representatives.

VII. Thomas Painea. Wrote “Common Sense”b. Inspired colonies to break away from British rule and write the Declaration of

IndependenceVIII. Continental Congress

a. 1st Continental Congressi. Was a response to the Coercive acts

ii. Sent a letter to the King and organized a total boycott of British productsb. 2nd Continental Congress

i. Met after the 1st battles of the Revolutionary war were fought (Lexington and Concord)

ii. Decided to officially declare independenceIX. Declaration of Independence

a. 48 delegates met in Philadelphiab. Life liberty and the pursuit of happiness – John Locke’s ideac. Thomas Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence.d. Declaration stated all the reasons why the colonists were upset with the king.e. Signing the declaration was considered treason

X. Articles of Confederationa. 1777 – The first governing document of the USA. b. Created 13 independent states that would have:

i. Common laws ii. Common Military

c. Did not work!

i. No taxes, and so military could not be paidii. No official leader to enforce laws

iii. No standard moneyiv. Proof from Shay’s Rebellion

XI. Plans for the New Governmenta. Virginia Plan

i. Big Stateii. Representation based on the population

iii. Wanted legislature to elect executive (parliament)iv. Legislative branch to have military power

b. New Jersey Plani. Small State

ii. Equal Representation (2 per state)iii. Wanted legislature to elect executive (parliament)iv. Executive Branch to have military power

XII. Compromisesa. 3/5th Compromise

i. Each slave would count as 3/5th of a person when totaling the population of a state

b. Great Compromisei. Legislature would have 2 houses

1. Senatea. equal representation

2. House of Representatives a. representation based on population

c. Slave Trade and Commerce Compromisei. Northern states would trade without paying taxes

ii. Southern states would continue to have slavesXIII. The US Constitution

a. Preamble – Introduction, We the people…b. Article 1 – Creates Legislative Branchc. Article 2 – Creates Executive Branchd. Article 3 – Creates Judicial Branche. Article 4 – Talks about the relationship between national and state governmentsf. Article 5 – Amending the Constitutiong. Article 6 – The Supremacy Clause – The Constitution is the Supreme Law of the

Landh. Article 7 – Describes how to ratify (pass) the Constitution

XIV. Preamble meaningsa. We the people – popular sovereigntyb. A more perfect union – make a better countryc. Establish justice – fairness/equality via courtsd. Ensure domestic tranquility – keep the peacee. Provide for the common defense – military protectionf. Promote the general welfare – help peopleg. Secure the blessings of liberty – freedom

h. To ourselves & our posterity – foreverXV. Basic American Principles

a. Popular Sovereigntyi. People are in control of the government

b. Limited Governmenti. The government has limits on its powers

c. Rule of Lawi. There are laws and everyone must follow them

d. Separation of Powersi. There are 3 branches of government, and each have different powers

e. Checks and Balancesi. Each branch overlooks what the other 2 branches are responsible for doing

f. Federalismi. There are levels of government – National – State – Local

XVI. Federalists and Anti Federalistsa. Federalists

i. Wanted the Constitution to passii. Did not want a list of rights

1. Thought the list would get too long (that is why the 9th amendment says you have rights that are not listed.)

b. Anti-Federalistsi. Thought the Constitution gave too much power to the national government

ii. Wanted the Constitution to contain a Bill of RightsXVII. Sources of Law

a. Hammurabii. Harsh punishments –

1. “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”ii. 1 written law, with harsh punishments

b. Romani. 1st law where judges could pass or change the law.

ii. Canon Law – was used in Rome by the Catholic Churches.c. Napoleonic Code

i. French laws used to conquer and rule new lands.d. English Common Law

i. Laws apply to everyone, 1st law to be changes by the court.XVIII. Types of Law

a. Criminali. crimes that are against laws

ii. felony or misdemeanorb. Civil

i. argument between two people or a company and a personc. Military

i. law for those who serve in the armed forcesd. Case

i. based on official decisions and previous casese. Administration

i. rules and regulationsXIX. Reporting Category 2 - ROLES, RIGHTS, AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF

CITIZENSa. Citizenship: SS.7.C.2.1b. Obligations of Citizens: SS.7.C.2.2c. Bill of Rights & Other Amendments: SS.7.C.2.4d. Constitutional Safeguards & Limits: SS.7.C.2.5e. Constitutional Rights: SS.7.C.3.6f. 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, & 26th Amendments: SS.7.C.3.7g. Landmark Supreme Court Cases: SS.7.C.3.12

XX. Citizenshipa. Immigration

i. moving into a new countryb. Emigration

i. exiting a countryc. Alien

i. person who enters a new country illegallyd. Deportation

i. person who is sent back to the country where they are citizense. Naturalization

i. officially becoming a citizen of a new country (18 years old, lawful permanent resident, lived in US for 5 years, good moral character, know basic English, pass US history test)

f. Natural Born/Native Born/Born in the US Citizen – i. law of land (born on US soil) or law of blood (parent is US citizen)

1. Obligations of citizen (must do) a. obey the law, pay taxes, serve on jury duty, defend nation

2. Responsibilities (should do) a. vote, attend civic meeting, petition gov’t, run for office b. VOTE!!! – 18 years old, US Citizen, Registered, not

declared mentally incapacitatedXXI. Bill of Rights

a. GRASPP – Get Religion Assembly Speech Press and Petitionb. Right to own guns (you have TWO arms)c. Do not have to quarter troops (3 quarters for a soda)d. Search warrants are needed (Knock, Knock! What FOUR?!)e. Right to remain silent, no double jeopardy, eminent domain, due process, be

indicted (officially accused) (plea the 5th)f. Speedy trial (think NASCAR)g. Civil Trials has jury h. No Cruel Punishment (he EIGHT worms)i. You have rights that are not listedj. Any right not given to the national government in the Constitution belongs to the

states XXII. Other Amendments

a. 13 – Ended Slavery

b. 14 – Defined citizenship and said that ALL people would be treated equally before the law (including due process for all)

c. 15 – Prohibited the denial of suffrage (right to vote) based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude (black men vote)

d. 19 – Women’s Suffrage (right to vote for women)e. 24 – Prohibited the use of poll taxes to keep people from voting.f. 26 – Dropped voting age from 21 to 18g. These two are really odd…

i. 18 and 21 – 18 made drinking alcohol illegal but then 21 made drinking alcohol legal again. (Proh

XXIII. Cases to Remembera. Marbury v. Madison

i. First time Judicial Review was used (Judicial review – is the Supreme Court’s ability to say that something is Unconstitutional/against the constitution)

b. Plessy v. Fergusoni. Homer Plessy challenged his ability to go in a whites train cart, the

decision made was that segregation was legal, as long as things were “separate, but equal”

c. Brown v. Board of Educationi. Linda Brown’s father fought for Linda to be able to go the White school

that was closer to home. He won and the integration of schools begand. Miranda v. Arizona

i. Miranda was arrested and confessed to crimes because he didn’t know his 5th amendment. Decision was that people must be told their rights when arrested

XXIV. What if there is a case I don’t know?a. First read the information that they provide about the case.b. Then think about what you DO KNOW that is related to the case.

i. Amendmentsii. Constitutional Principles

XXV. Case Analysisa. Name of caseb. Main idea of the casec. Relation to the Constitution

XXVI. USA v. Nixona. President Nixon paid 5 men to wiretap the office of the Democratic National

Committee. He denied being involved, but later it was discovered that he was. When asked to provide the court the tapes of what he recorded President Nixon refused, stating that as President he had the executive power to not release the tapes as evidence to the court.

a. USA v. Nixonb. Nixon was caught spying on other political party and did

not want to turn over evidence.c. Rule of Law

XXVII. In re Gault

a. In 1964, an Arizona sheriff took 15-year-old Gerald Gault into custody after a woman complained Gerald and another boy made an indecent phone call. The sheriff left no notice for Gerald’s parents, who had to figure out on their own where Gerald went. At the station, the deputy told Gerald’s mom there would be a hearing the next day. They kept Gerald in custody overnight. At the hearing, nobody wrote anything down or recorded what was said. Witnesses were not sworn in, and the woman who complained about the phone call wasn’t there. The judge said he would think about what to do, and they kept Gerald in custody for two or three more days. A few days later, Gerald’s mom got a note that there would be another hearing. Again, nobody made any record of what happened, and the woman wasn’t there. At both hearings, Gerald testified about what happened. At the end of second hearing, the judge found Gerald to be delinquent and said he must stay in juvenile detention until he turned 21.

i. Juveniles have same due process as adults – lawyers, confront accuser, no self-incrimination, provide evidence

XXVIII. Gideon v. Wainwrighta. In 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon was charged with breaking into a Florida pool hall

and stealing some beverages and about $5 in cash. He could not afford a lawyer, so he asked the court to appoint one for him. The court refused. Under Florida law, only a person charged with a crime that could result in the death penalty could have a free, court-appointed lawyer. Gideon defended himself in front of the jury. He examined witnesses and made legal arguments, but it wasn’t enough. The jury found him guilty and sentenced him to five years in prison.

i. Right to free legal counsel – “if you can’t afford a lawyer, one will be appointed to you”

XXIX. Tinker v. Des Moinesa. In 1965, some middle and high school students wore black armbands to school to

show their protest of the war in Vietnam. Before the day of the protest, the schools’ principals had heard about the students’ plan and told the students they could not wear the armbands. Five students were suspended from school for wearing the armbands.

i. 1st Amendment – free speech (even for students)XXX. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

a. Students enrolled in the Journalism II class at Hazelwood East High School were responsible for writing and editing the school's paper The Spectrum. Two of the articles submitted for publication in the final edition of the paper contained stories on divorce and teenage pregnancy. The divorce article featured a story about a girl who blamed her father's actions for her parents' divorce. The teenage pregnancy article featured stories in which pregnant students at Hazelwood East shared their experiences.

b. To ensure their privacy, the girls' names were changed in the article. The school principal felt that the subjects of these two articles were inappropriate. He concluded that journalistic fairness required that the father in the divorce article be informed of the story and be given an opportunity to comment. He also stated his concerns that simply changing the names of the girls in the teenage pregnancy article may not be sufficient to protect their anonymity and that this topic may not

be suitable for the younger students. As a result, he prohibited these articles from being published in the paper.

i. There are limits to freedom of speech in schools.. puts limits on Tinker decision.

ii. Free speech/press not allowed in schoolXXXI. Bush v. Gore

a. Divided court gives election to Bushb. Stops the Florida recount of votes

XXXII. Category 2 Reviewa. What are the steps to becoming a USA citizen?b. What is the difference between a citizen’s duty and responsibility? List an

example of each.c. What is the difference between a naturalized and natural born citizen?d. How has immigration affected the USA?e. Explain why our freedoms as citizens must also contain limits. Provide an

example.f. List the main ideal and outcome of each of the following cases.

i. Marbury v Madisonii. Plessy v Ferguson

iii. Brown v Board of educationiv. Miranda v Arizonav. USA v Nixon

vi. Bush v Goreg. What amendments expand voting rights?h. How did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 impact voting in the USA?i. List the amendments found in the Bill of rights.j. List the 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, & 26th amendments.

XXXIII. Category 3a. Political Parties: SS.7.C.2.8b. Qualifications for Political Office: SS.7.C.2.9c. Monitoring & Influencing Government: SS.7.C.2.10d. Media & Political Communications: SS.7.C.2.11e. Public Policy: SS.7.C.2.12f. Multiple Perspectives: SS.7.C.2.13g. U.S. Domestic & Foreign Policy: SS.7.C.4.1h. Participation in International Organizations: SS.7.C.4.2i. U.S. & International Conflicts: SS.7.C.4.3

XXXIV. 2.8 Main Political Partiesa. Main Parties

i. Democrats – more liberal, more government involvement in the economy, higher taxes, business regulation, “Wlefare” programs

ii. Republicans – more conservative, less government regulation/programs, lower taxes

b. Minor Political Partiesi. Single Issue – pick ONE problem and only talk about that

ii. Ideological – want to change the entire government system

iii. Strong Leader – a person who is not a part of a political party, but who has a great personality.

XXXV. Types of Minor Political Partiesa. Libertarian – max freedom/min gov’tb. Socialist – gov’t and workers control businesses, welfare programs to help people

(free health/education)c. Communist – workers/people control business, usually ruled by dictators

XXXVI. Reason for Political Partiesa. Support Candidatesb. Communicate with citizensc. Run the governmentd. Link different parts of governmente. Act as a “Watchdog”

XXXVII. 2.9 Qualifications for Political Officea. House of Reps.

i. Age – 25ii. Citizenship – Citizen of USA for 7 years

iii. Resident/Home – Live in state they representb. Senate

i. Age – 30ii. Citizenship – Citizen of USA for 9 years

iii. Resident/Home – Live in state they representc. Vice President

i. Age – 35ii. Citizenship – Natural Born Citizen

iii. Resident/Home – Live in USA 14 straight years before runningd. President

i. Age – 35ii. Citizenship – Natural Born Citizen

iii. Resident/Home – Live in USA 14 straight years before runningXXXVIII. 2.10 Influencing Government

a. Interest groups – groups that form because of a common goal. They attempt to influence people by working together for their goal.

i. can work with members of Congress or with other elected legislators to get laws passed. This is usually referred to as lobbying.

ii. An interest group can also educate its members on issues it wants the group members to support.

b. Political Action Committees – which are often connected to interest groups, can raise money and contribute to the campaigns of candidates that they support.

XXXIX. Influencing People – Propagandaa. Propaganda techniques… used to convince you to vote for something

i. Bandwagon, name calling, plain folk, glittering generalities, endorsement, transfer, stacked cards

b. Public Opinion

i. How the public feels about a person or topic. Public opinion polls are questions asked to a few people to help make decisions about what everyone thinks or wants.

XL. The Mediaa. Forms of media

i. TVii. Radio

iii. Internet/Social Mediaiv. Newspaper/Magazine

b. Biasi. Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with

another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.XLI. 2.12 Public Policy

a. Governments at all levels (local, state, or federal) are responsible for protecting and providing for its citizens.

b. When a problem or issue comes up, the citizens can get the help of the government to solve these problems.

i. National: military, interstate and foreign trade, interstate environmental issues/healthcare

ii. State: education, intrastate trade/environmental/safety iii. Local: local schools/roads/safety/sanitation/services

c. Many of these government solutions come in the form of public policy – which is a policy that is made in response to an issue or problem that requires attention. U.S. citizens have the right

XLII. 4.1 Domestic and Foreign Policy a. Foreign policy – the nation’s overall plan for dealing with other nations. Foreign

Policy Plan developed by executive and legislative branches.i. President serves Foreign Policy by – signs treaties, appoints

ambassadors, appoints secretary of state, serves as commander-in-chief, chief diplomat

ii. Congress serves Foreign Policy by – confirms treaties (Senate), declares war, provides funding, confirms ambassadors/secretary of state (senate)

iii. Diplomacy (keeping good relationships with other nations), alliances, military agreements , treaties, formal agreements…

b. Domestic policy – the nation’s plan for making laws and policies that affect people in the United States.

i. jobs, health care, education... XLIII. 4.2 International Organizations

a. The United Nations (UN) – all countries can join – want to have basic human rights – and peace among nations

b. The European Union (EU) – countries in Europe can join and mostly tries to help the economy

c. World Trade Organization (WTO) – tried to promote trade with different countries (promotes no trade tariffs/barriers)

d. NATO – security of member countriese. NAFTA – free trade for US, Canada, Mexico

f. International Red Cross – neutral org providing aid to all g. NGO – nongovernmental org

XLIV. Globalizationa. Globalization – the idea that the world is becoming more connected and

countries are more dependent on each other.i. Developing (raw materials) and Developed (tech/medicine) nations work

together to try to help each other.b. International Trade

i. Countries trade with each other as long as it benefits them.ii. The more trade the more interdependence there is between nations.

XLV. 4.3 Foreign Conflictsa. WWI – (1914-1918) (allies (US, UK, France+) vs central (Germany+)b. WWII – (1939-1945) allies (UK, US, China, USSR) vs axis (Germany, Japan,

Italy)c. Gulf War I – (1990-1991) US/NATO vs Iraqd. Gulf War II – (2003-2011/present) US/NATO vs Iraq.. againe. Vietnam – (1955-1975) north Vietnam vs south Vietnam/US f. Korea – (1950-1953) Split Korea – North (supported by China) and South

(supported by US)g. Iran Hostage Crisis – (1979-1981) Students held hostage in Middle Easth. War on Terror – (2001-Present) 9/11, Afghan for al Qaeda's leader Osama bin

Laden, Iraq for WMDsi. Bay of Pigs – (1961) Failed CIA mission in Cubaj. Cuban Missile Crisis – (1962) Soviet nukes in Russia threatens US safety

XLVI. Category 4a. Forms of Government: SS.7.C.3.1b. Systems of Government: SS.7.C.3.2c. Three Branches of Government: SS.7.C.3.3d. Federalism: SS.7.C.3.4e. Amendment Process: SS.7.C.3.5f. Structure, Function, & Processes of Government: SS.7.C.3.8g. Court System: SS.7.C.3.11h. United States & Florida Constitutions: SS.7.C.3.13i. Government Obligations & Services: SS.7.C.3.14

XLVII. 3.1 Forms of Governmenta. Democracy

i. Direct – all people voteii. Representative – elected officials vote for the people

b. Authoritarian – one leader or group of leaders have absolute powerc. Socialism – public ownership of businessesd. Communism – extreme version of publicly owned businessese. Totalitarian – government controls all aspects of peoples livesf. Dictatorship – one leader or group of leaders have power with the use of the

military and police.g. Monarchy – leader decided by family blood line

i. Absolute – King or Queen

ii. Constitutional – King or Queen rule with lawmakers that are elected.1. Parliament – law makers 2. Prime Minister – legal leader

h. Oligarchy – ruled by fewi. Autocracy – ruled by one

XLVIII. 3.2 Political Statesa. Federal

i. Power is divided into levels ii. (federal = federalism)

iii. THIS IS WHAT AMERICA IS!! Local State Federal/National b. Confederate

i. Independent countries come together for a specific need/purpose.c. Unitary

i. ALL the power of one country is held by ONE governmentXLIX. Purpose of Government

a. To provide order – police, military, lawsb. Provides services – health care, roads, parks…c. Provides security – police, militaryd. Guides the economy – budget, taxes

L. 3.3 The Legislative Brancha. The many names of the Legislative Branch:

i. Legislaturesii. Senators

iii. Representativesiv. Congressmen/Congress Women

LI. Senate/House of Representatives a. Senate

i. Size – 100ii. Term Limits – Unlimited

iii. Term Length – 6 yearsiv. Leaders – Vice President & President Pro Temporev. Requirements – 30 years old, Citizen for 9 years, Live in the state you

representb. House

i. Size – 435ii. Term Limits – Unlimited

iii. Term Length – 2 yearsiv. Leaders – Speaker of the Housev. Requirements – 25 years old, Citizen for 7 years, Live in the state you

representLII. Job of the Legislatures

a. Listed in Article 1 of Constitution as “Enumerated Powers”i. Pass Laws

ii. Approve Presidential appointments iii. Stay in contact with their constituents and their needsiv. Establish taxes, regulate commerce, coin money

v. Impeachmentvi. Control army/navy, declare war

vii. Naturalization/immigrationviii. Confirm treaties

ix. Make all laws necessary/proper (elastic clause)LIII. How a BILL becomes a LAW

a. Bill must pass in both housesb. The bill must be agreed on exactly the same way by both houses.c. The President can

i. Pass the billii. Veto the bill

iii. Pocket Veto the billd. *Congress can override the president’s veto.

LIV. Executive Brancha. President

i. Term Limits – 2 termsii. Term Length – 4 years

iii. Requirements – 35 years old, Natural Born Citizen, Live in the USA for 14 consecutive years

b. Vice Presidenti. Term Limits – Unlimited

ii. Term Length – 4 yearsiii. Requirements – 35 years old, Natural Born Citizen, Live in the USA for

14 consecutive yearsLV. Jobs of the President

a. Chief Executive – Carries out the lawb. Chief Diplomat – Deals with foreign policyc. Head of State – The “face” of the countryd. Commander in Chief – Controls the militarye. Legislative Leader – Suggests laws, and passes billsf. Economic Leader – Helps the economyg. Party Leader – Leader of the political party

LVI. The President's Staffa. Cabinet

i. Appointed members who are experts in their field and give advice to the president on specific topics related to their expertise.

b. Secret Servicei. Keep the president safe at all times. Must be willing to risk their life for

the presidentc. White House Staff

i. Maintain the White HouseLVII. The Judicial Branch – Dual Court System

a. There are trial, appeals, and supreme courts for the state and for the national government.

b. Federal/National Courts hear cases about national laws/crimesc. State Courts hear cases about state crimes/laws

d. Jurisdiction – the authority to hear a casee. Appellate – hearing a case for a second time.

LVIII. The Supreme Courta. Hears cases that involve the constitution and decided if the laws are

“constitutional.”b. They do not decide guilty or innocent, but they write an opinion at the end of a

casec. The opinion is a detailed explanation of the decision they made and why they

made it.LIX. Amendment Process

a. Step 1 – Amendment is Proposedi. Proposed by a 2/3 vote in both houses OR

ii. Proposed by a national convention called by Congress when requested by 2/3 (34) of the State legislatures

b. Step 2 – Amendment is Ratifiedi. Ratified by the State Legislatures of ¾ (38) of the States OR

ii. Ratified by conventions held in ¾ (38) of the statesLX. Levels of Government

a. Federalism – means to have the power divided into different levels.i. National/Federal

ii. Stateiii. Local

b. (Separation of Powers refers to the 3 branches of government. NOT THE LEVELS)

LXI. How Powers are Divideda. Federal – enumerated/delegated powers

i. Maintain military, declare war, postal service, regulate interstate commerce, coin money

b. State – reserved powersi. Establish local gov’t, trade within state, elections, public safety, marriage,

driver’s licensec. Both – concurrent powers

i. Tax, public welfare, courts, borrow money, build roadsLXII. Services by Each Level of Gov’t

a. Nationali. Disaster relief, environment, food/drug safety, welfare programs, postal

services, interstate highwaysb. State

i. Education, environment, licenses, state highway, state police, public safetyc. Local

i. Local police, fire dept, library, schools, local roads, trash collectionsLXIII. American Democracy

a. Democracy is a government where the people are in control – by voting.b. Principles of democracy

i. Rule of law – everyone is bound by the lawii. Limited government – government with restrictions on its powers

iii. Individual rights – every person has basic rightsiv. Consent of governed – people create the governmentv. Representative government – people vote for representative who in turn

make decisions for them.LXIV. Federal Government

a. National – US Constitutionb. State – State Constitution c. Local – Different set ups and least amount of power, yet closest to the people

LXV. State Governmenta. Executive – Governor

i. Is like the president of the State, makes decisions that are important to that state

b. Legislativei. Most states have bicameral legislatures that make the laws for those

specific statesc. Judicial

i. States also have state courts to deal with the state lawsLXVI. Local Government

a. County – state’s largest territorial unitb. City – local area with a governmentc. Town – smaller than a city, but larger than a villaged. Village – smallest unit of local government e. Types of City Governments

i. Mayor – one executive and lawmakersii. Council – are the lawmakers

iii. Commission – a group that is the executive and legislativeLXVII. Florida and US Constitution

a. Establish 3 branches of governmentb. State that all people are equal when it comes to the lawc. ONLY FLORIDA’s CONSTITUTION d. Creates county governmente. Established public schoolf. Is reviewed every 20 years

LXVIII. Economics 101 (Basics)a. Scarcity – not enough of something for everyone who wants itb. Economic Systems

i. Command – government is in controlii. Traditional – people do what their families have done in past generations

iii. Market – people are free to make their own economic choicesc. USA Mixed Economy – Command and Market – people are free, but the

government sets certain regulationsd. Competition – great for consumers to keep prices lowere. Monopoly – when there is no competition f. Anti-Trust – laws to prevent monopolies