Final Exam Study Guide

1. Seasons2. Day and Night3. 24 hours4. Seasons (with tilt), Year5. 365.25 days6. Winter7. ~30 days8.

9. When the Earth’s axis is tilted neither toward or away from the Sun10. Neap tide- The difference between high and low tide is the smallest. Moon, Earth and

Sun make a right angle.Spring tide- The difference between high and low tide is the greatest. Moon, Earth and Sun are aligned.

11. First and Last quarter12. New and Full moon13. When the Earth Moon and Sun are

aligned.

14. Proton: + insideNeutron: +/- (neutral), insideElectron: - outside

15. The electrons in the outer most shell16. The Groups/Families/Columns tell us the number of valence electrons

The Periods/Rows tell us the number of shells17. By atomic number18. Gas formation, precipitate formation, color change, energy use/production (it gets hot

or cold). A new product must be formed.19. Compound- More than 1 type of element, chemically bonded together. Ex. Water: 2

gases bond to become liquid H2OElement- Only 1 type of element, in its purest form. Ex. Ozone: 3 atoms of oxygen bonded together. O3

20. More than 1 type of element, not chemically bonded. Can still be separated. Ex. Salt water

21. Chemical equation22. Subscript- the number of atoms

Coefficient- the number of molecules23. 2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O

Reactants Products

Yes. The equation is balanced.24. Law of Conservation of Mass- Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical

reaction.25.

26. Atoms27. Atomic Number, Protons, Electrons= All the same number

Mass- Atomic Number=Neutrons28. Metals are to the left of the zig zag line, non-metals are to the right29. Alkali Metals- Group 1, Halogens- Group 17, Noble Gases- Group 18

Atomic Number

Symbol

Name

Atomic Mass

30. Malleable, shiny, conducts electricity31. Brittle, dull, poor conductors32. Properties of both metals and non-metals33. Ion- when an atom either gains or loses an electron.

Loses e- is positiveGains e- is negative

34. Density= Mass/Volume or D=m/v35. Speed= Distance/Time or S=d/t36. Velocity- Traveling at a constant speed in a particular direction37. Acceleration- A change in speed and/or direction. Also known as a change in velocity38. 1. Law of Inertia- An object in motion stays in motion, and object at rest stays at rest

unless acted upon by an outside force.2. F=mXa or Force=massXacceleration3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

39. The object must move in order for work to be done. W=Fd or Work= forceXdistance40. Force- A pus or pull on an object in a specific direction41. Net Force- the sum of all forces acting on an object. It must have both a size and a

direction. We find it by adding cooperating forces or subtracting opposing forces.42. Inertia43. Cart C. 44. F=ma45. 10N The force of gravity is 1/6 on the moon. 60N/6=10N