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Challenge AGRAMMAR NOTEBOOK
SEMESTER 2
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 1
Active Voice – Indicative MoodNo 163: Imperfect Tense (present stem)
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st P laud-ābam I was praisingSingular 2nd P. laud-ābas you were praisingSingular 3rd P. laud-ābat he, she, it were praising
Plural 1st P. laud-ābāmus we were praisingPlural 2nd P. laud-ābātis you were praisingPlural 3rd P. laud-ābant they were praising
No 164: Future Tense (present stem)
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st P laud-ābō I will praise (he, she, it will be praising)Singular 2nd P. laud-ābis you will praise (he, she, it will be praising)Singular 3rd P. laud-ābit he, she, it will praise (he, she, it will be praising)
Plural 1st P. laud-ābimus we will praise (we will be praising)Plural 2nd P. laud-ābitis you will praise (you will be praising)Plural 3rd P. laud-ābunt they will praise (they will be praising)
Additional Rules from Reading:
Imperfect Indicative Active:
1. The imperfect of a verb is formed on the PRESENT STEM.
2. The ending has the a of the first conjugation
3. The FINAL PERSONAL SIGNS are the same as for the present tense.
4. The ending contains a TENSE SIGN: ba (e.g. laud-ā-ba-t), which is ALWAYS THE SIGN OF THE IMPERFECT TENSE (The Latin verb is thus a sort of CODE which you learn to decipher.)
Future Indicative Active
1. The future tense is formed on the PRESENT STEM.
2. The ending had the a of the first conjugation
3. The final personal signs are the same as for the present and the imperfect tenses.
4. The ending contains a tense sign, bi (e.g. laud-ā-BI-t) which is the sign of the future in the FIRST and SECOND conjugations.
Practice for Week 1
Active Voice – Indicative MoodNo 163: Imperfect Tense (present stem)
Practice the imperfect tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
No 164: Future Tense (present stem)
Practice the future tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
Practice – Week 1
Review:
Additional Rules from Reading:
Imperfect Indicative Active:
5. The imperfect of a verb is formed on the __________________ STEM.
6. The ending has the a of the ___________ conjugation
7. The FINAL PERSONAL SIGNS are the same as for the _______________ tense.
8. The ending contains a TENSE SIGN: ________ (e.g. laud-ā-ba-t), which is ALWAYS THE SIGN OF THE IMPERFECT TENSE (The Latin verb is thus a sort of CODE which you learn to decipher.)
Future Indicative Active
5. The future tense is formed on the ______________STEM.
6. The ending had the a of the _____________ conjugation
7. The final personal signs are the same as for the ___________ and the____________ tenses.
8. The ending contains a tense sign, ____________ (e.g. laud-ā-BI-t) which is the sign of the future in the ________________and _______________ conjugations.
Additional Practice for Week 1
Practice the Imperfect tense by filling in form and meaning on the following charts:
IMPERFECT - pugnō, 1., intr. - fight
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
FUTURE - pugnō, 1., intr. - fight
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
IMPERFECT - superō, 1. tr. - overcome, conquer, surpass
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
S2W1
FUTURE - superō, 1. tr. - overcome, conquer, surpass
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
IMPERFECT - portō, 1. tr. - carry
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
FUTURE - portō, 1. tr. - carry
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
S2W1
IMPERFECT - dō, dare, dedī, datus, 1, tr. - give
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
FUTURE - dō, dare, dedī, datus, 1, tr. - give
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
IMPERFECT - vocō, 1. tr. - call
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
S2W1
FUTURE - vocō, 1. tr. - call
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
Review: Nouns
numerus, ī - number
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
S2W1
centuriō, centuriōnis - a centurion
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
mors, mortis - death
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
S2W1
hīberna, hībernōrum – winter quarters
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
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GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 2
No. 123:
First Person
Number Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative ego I
Singular Genitive meī of me, of myself
Singular Dative mihi to me, to myself
Singular Accusative me me, myself
Singular Ablative me (by, etc.) me, myself
Plural Nominative nōs we
Plural Genitive nostrīnostrum
of us, of ourselves
Plural Dative nobis to us, to ourselves
Plural Accusative nōs us, ourselves
Plural Ablative nobis (by, etc.) us, ourselves
Footnotes: mē - Mēcum, tēcum, nōbīscum, vōbīscum are used for cum, mē, etc.Nostrī and vestrī are objective genitives only (see No. 684)Nostrum and vestrum are used as partitive genitives (See no. 686)
Week 2
No. 124: 2nd Person PronounsNumber Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative tū you
Singular Genitive tuī of you, of yourself
Singular Dative tibi to you, to yourself
Singular Accusative tē you, yourself
Singular Ablative tē (by, etc.) you, yourself
Plural Nominative vōs you
Plural Genitive vestrīvestrum
of you, yourselves
Plural Dative vōbis to you, yourselves
Plural Accusative vōs you, yourselves
Plural Ablative vōbis (by, etc.) you, yourselves
No. 128 B. Non-reflexiveNum Case Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom is he ea she id it
Sing Gen ējus of himhis
ējus of herher
ējus of itits
Sing Dat eī to or for him
eī to or for her
eī to or for it
Sing Acc eum him eam her id it
Sing Abl. eō (by, etc) him
eā (by, etc) her
eō (by, etc) it
Pl Nom eī they eae they ea they (those things)
Pl Gen eōrum of themtheir
eārum of themtheir
eōrum of themtheir
Pl Dat eīs to or for them
eīs to or for them
eīs to or for them
Pl Acc eōs them eās them ea them (those things)
Pl Abl. eīs (by, etc) them
eīs (by, etc) them
eīs (by, etc) them
Practice – Week 2
No. 123: First Person
Add form and meaning for ego, meī
Person Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
No. 124: 2nd Person Pronouns Add form and meaning for tū, tuī
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
S2W2
No. 128 B. Non-reflexiveFill in below chart:
Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom
Sing Gen
Sing Dat
Sing Acc
Sing Abl.
Pl Nom
Pl Gen
Pl Dat
Pl Acc
Pl Abl.
Additional Practice for week 2
Practice declining the nouns in the vocabulary with the following chart:
locus, ī – (pl., loca, locōrum) - place
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
Decline adjectives from the vocabulary
aliēnus, a, um - unfavorable, another's, foreign
Masculinelike servus
Femininelike porta
Neuterlike bellum
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural AblativePage intentionally left blank
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 3
Practice for Week 3
Review
Active Voice – Indicative MoodNo 163: Imperfect Tense (present stem)
Practice the imperfect tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
No 164: Future Tense (present stem)
Practice the future tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd P. Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P. Plural 2nd P. Plural 3rd P.
Additional Practice for Week 3
Practice declining the nouns in the vocabulary using the following charts:
ōrātiō, ōrātiōnis - speech, prayer
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 4
No: 165 : Present Tense (present stem) : I advise
mon-eō – I advise, I am advising, I do advisemon-ēs - You advise, You are advising, You do advisemon-et - he, she, it advises; he, she, it is advising; he, she it does advise
mon-ēmus – we advise, we are advising, we do advisemon-ētis - You advise, You are advising, You do advisemon-ent – they advise, they are advising, they do advise
No: 168 : Imperfect Tense (present stem) : I was advising
mon-ēbam- I was advisingmon-ēbas - you were advisingmon-ēbat – he, she, it was advising
mon-ēbāmus – we were advisingmon-ēbātis – you were advisingmon-ēbant – they were advising
No. 171: Future Tense (present stem): I shall advise
mon-ēbō – I shall advise (you shall be advising)mon-ēbis – you will advise (you will be advising)mon-ēbit – he, she, it will advise (he, she, it will be advising)
mon-ēbimus – we shall advise (we shall be advising)mon-ēbitis – you will advise (you will be advising)mon-ēbunt – they will advise (they will be advising)
Additional Rules from the Reading:
1. All verbs whose present infinitive active ends in -ĒRE belong to the second conjugation.
2. Model for moneō
1. Find the stem by dropping the ending of the present infinitive active, thus: monēre, STEM: mon-.
2. Add -eō for the first person present indicative active.
3. For the other endings use the endings of the first conjugation but change the first a of the endings to e.
Practice for Week 4
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 165.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 168.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 171.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W4
Review: Additional Rules from the Reading:
1. All verbs whose present infinitive active ends in -ĒRE belong to the _______________ conjugation.
2. Model for moneō
1. Find the stem by dropping the ending of the _____________________, thus: monēre, STEM: mon-.
2. Add -____ for the first person present indicative active.
3. For the other endings use the endings of the first conjugation but change the first a of the endings to _______.
Additional Practice for Week 4
Give form and meaning for timeō, timēre, timuī, 2 tr. – fear in the Present Tense (present stem) (No. 165)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for timeō, timēre, timuī, 2 tr. – fear in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) (No. 168)
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for timeō, timēre, timuī, 2 tr. – fear in the Future Tense (present stem) (No. 171)
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W4
Give form and meaning for terreō, 2, tr. – terrify in the Present Tense (present stem) (No. 165)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for terreō, 2, tr. – terrify fear in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) (No. 168)
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for terreō, 2, tr. – terrify in the Future Tense (present stem) (No. 171)
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W4
Give form and meaning for habeō, 2, tr. - have in the Present Tense (present stem) (No. 165)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for habeō, 2, tr. - have in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
(No. 168)
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for habeō, 2, tr. - have in the Future Tense (present stem)
(No. 171)
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W4
Review: Nouns
arma, armōrum – arms
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
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GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 5
Review of Week 4
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 165.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 168.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 171.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
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GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 6
Review Rules for #123 and #124
No. 346 – Indicative Present
Form MeaningSingular 1st P sum I am Singular 2nd P es You areSingular 3rd P est he, she, it is
Plural 1st P sumus we arePlural 2nd P estis you arePlural 3rd P sunt they are
Additional Rules from the Reading:
Personal Pronouns:
1. Pronouns of the FIRST person are those which refer to the SPEAKER OR WRITER. In English they are: I (ME), WE (US).
2. Pronouns of the SECOND person are those which refer to the person spoken TO. In English they are: YOU (THOU, THEE, YE)
3. Pronouns of the THIRD person are those which refer to the person or thing spoken or written ABOUT. In English they are : HE (HIM), SHE (HER), IT, THEY (THEM)
Practice for Week 6
No. 123:
First Person
Number Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
Footnotes: mē - Mēcum, tēcum, nōbīscum, vōbīscum are used for cum, mē, etc.Nostrī and vestrī are objective genitives only (see No. 684)Nostrum and vestrum are used as partitive genitives (See no. 686)
S2W6
No. 124: 2nd Person PronounsNumber Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
Practice Indicative Active of Sum
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Review:
Additional Rules from the Reading:
Personal Pronouns:
1. Pronouns of the FIRST person are those which refer to the _______________________. In English they are: I (ME), WE (US).
2. Pronouns of the SECOND person are those which refer to __________________. In English they are: YOU (THOU, THEE, YE)
3. Pronouns of the THIRD person are those which refer to
_________________________________________________ In English they are : HE (HIM), SHE (HER), IT, THEY (THEM)
Additional Practice for Week 6
Give form and meaning for videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus, 2. tr. – see in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 165.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus, 2. tr. – see in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 168.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus, 2. tr. – see in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 171.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W6
Give form and meaning for teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus, 2., tr. - hold in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 165.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus, 2., tr. - hold in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 168.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus, 2., tr. - hold. – see in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 171.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W6
Give form and meaning for moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus, 2., tr. - move in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 165.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus, 2., tr. - in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 168.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus, 2., tr. - – see in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 171.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 7
No. 128 B. Non-reflexive
Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom is he ea she id it
Sing Gen ējus of himhis
ējus of herher
ējus of itits
Sing Dat eī to or for him
eī to or for her
eī to or for it
Sing Acc eum him eam her id it
Sing Abl. eō (by, etc) him
eā (by, etc) her
eō (by, etc) it
Pl Nom eī they eae they ea they (those things)
Pl Gen eōrum of themtheir
eārum of themtheir
eōrum of themtheir
Pl Dat eīs to or for them
eīs to or for them
eīs to or for them
Pl Acc eōs them eās them ea them (those things)
Pl Abl. eīs (by, etc) them
eīs (by, etc) them
eīs (by, etc) them
No. 129 Note: 1. The meanings given for the masculine and feminine of is, ea, id hold only when the pronouns refers to PERSONS. Otherwise all forms are translated as in the neuter.
Urbem cēpit. Posteā eam incendit. He took the city,. Afterwards, he burned it.
No 479A pronoun agrees with the word to which it refers, in gender and number; its case depends on its use in sits own clause
Practice for Week 7
No. 128 B. Non-reflexiveFill in below chart:
Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom
Sing Gen
Sing Dat
Sing Acc
Sing Abl.
Pl Nom
Pl Gen
Pl Dat
Pl Acc
Pl Abl.
Copy Grammar rules:
# 129 ________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
# 479 ________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Additional Practice for Week 7
Practice declining the nouns in the vocabulary using the following charts:
fīnēs, fīnium, m. - territory (plural noun from the 3rd declension)
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
S2W7
Give form and meaning for sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus, 2., tr. - sustain, withstand in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 165.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus, 2., tr. - sustain, withstand in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 168.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus, 2., tr. - sustain, withstand in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 171.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 8
No. 127 a) Reflexive
Nom. …........... …..............Gen suī of himself, herself, itself, themselvesDat. sibi to himself, herself, itself, themselvesAcc sē (sēsē) himself, herself, itself, themselvesAbl sē (sēsē) (by, etc.) himself, herself, itself, themselves
Eī sē laudābant. They were praising themselves.
Marīa sē nōn laudat. Mary does not praise herself.
Caesar sē laudābat. Caesar was praising himself.
Legiō sē laudābat. The legion was praising itself.
Additional Rule from Reading:
A pronoun that refers back to the subject of its own clause is called a direct reflexive.
Practice for Week 8
No. 127 a) Reflexive
Form MeaningNomGenDatAccAbl
Eī sē laudābant. They were praising _____________________.
Marīa sē nōn laudat. Mary does not praise __________________.
Caesar sē laudābat. Caesar was praising __________________.
Legiō sē laudābat. The legion was praising __________________.
Additional Rule from Reading:
A pronoun that refers back to the subject of its own clause is called a _____________ ___________________.
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 9
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No: 166 : Present Tense (present stem) : I sendmitt-eō – I send, I am sending, I do sendmitt-is – you send, you are sending, you do sendmitt-it – he, she, it sends; he, she, it is sending; he, she, it does send
mitt-imus – we send, we are sending, we do sendmitt-itis – you send, you are sending, you do sendmitt-unt – they send, they are sending, they do send
No: 169 : Imperfect Tense (present stem) : I was sending
mitt-ēbam – I was sendingmitt-ēbās – you were sendingmitt-ēbat – he, she, it was sending
mitt-ēbāmus – we were sendingmitt-ēbātis – you were sendingmitt-ēbant – they were sending
Additional rules from reading:
Future Indicative Active of Mittō
The future indicative active of the third conjugation is quite different from that of the first and second. The personal signs are the SAME, but there is NO TENSE SIGN and the VOWEL of the endings change.
Practice for Week 9
No 166: Present Tense (present stem)
Give form and meaning for mittō, 3. tr., send for the present tense.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 169: Imperfect Tense (present stem)
Give form and meaning for mittō, 3. tr., send for the imperfect tense.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Review:
Additional rules from reading:
Future Indicative Active of Mittō
The future indicative active of the third conjugation is quite different from that of the first and second. The personal signs are the SAME, but there is NO ________________ and the
___________ of the endings change.
Additional Practice for Week 9
Give form and meaning for dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus, 3, tr. - lead, guide in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 166.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus, 3, tr. - lead, guide in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 169.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus, 3. tr. - carry, carry on in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 166.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W9
Give form and meaning for gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus, 3. tr. - carry, carry on in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 169.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus, 3. tr. – defend in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 166.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus, 3. tr. – defend in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 169.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
S2W9
Give form and meaning for īnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctus, 3. tr. - draw up, equip in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for īnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctus, 3. tr. - draw up, equip in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 169.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus, 3. tr. - conquer in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W9
Give form and meaning for vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus, 3. tr. - conquer in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for petō, petere, petīvī, petītus, 3. tr. - seek, beg, request in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for petō, petere, petīvī, petītus, 3. tr. - seek, beg, request in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W9
Give form and meaning for pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsus, 3. tr. - drive, repulse, rout in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsus, 3. tr. - drive, repulse, rout in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 169.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W9
Review: Nouns
litterae, litterārum – letter (i.e. an epistle) , dispatch
Form Meaning Use
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the Preposition
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 10
No. 172: Future Tense (present stem): I shall send
mitt-am – I shall send (I shall be sending)mitt-ēs – you will send (you will be sending)mitt-et – he, she, it will send (he, she, it will be sending)
mitt-ēmus – we shall send (we shall be sending)mitt-ētis – you will send (you will be sending)mitt-ent – they will send (they will be sending)
Practice for Week 10
Give form and meaning for mittō, 3. tr., send in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 172
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Additional Practice
Practice with verbs from vocabulary
Give form and meaning for pōnō, pōmere, posuī, positus, 3. tr. - put, place, set in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 172
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for contendō, contendere, contendī, 3. intr. - strive, contend, hastenin the Future Tense (present stem) No. 172
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
S2W10
Give form and meaning for agō, agere, egī, āctus, 3. tr., - drive, do, act, treat in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 172
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
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GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 11
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No: 167 : Present Tense (present stem) : I hearaud-iō - I hear, I am hearing, I do hearaud- īs – you hear, you are hearing, you do hearaud-it – he, she, it hears; he, she, it is hearing; he, she it, does hear
aud- īmus – we hear, we are hearing, we do hearaud- ītis - you hear, you are hearing, you do hearaud-iunt – they hear, they are hearing, they do hear
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No: 170 : Imperfect Tense (present stem) : I was hearingaud-iēbam - I was hearingaud-iēbās – you were hearingaud-iēbat – he, she, it was hearing
aud-iēbāmas – we were hearingaud-iēbātis - you were hearingaud-iēbant – they were hearing
No: 173 : Future Tense (present stem) : I shall hearaud-iam - I shall hear (I shall be hearing)aud-iēs – you will hear (you will be hearing)aud-iēt – he, she, it will hear (he, she, it will be hearing)
aud-iēmas – we shall hear ( we shall be hearing)aud-iētis - you will hear (you will be hearing)aud-ient – they will hear (they will be hearing)
Additional Rules from the Reading:
Present System Active of 4th Conjugation To form the principal parts of regular verbs of the fourth conjugation, drop the -iō of the first person singular present indicative and add -īre, īvī, ītus (notice the long ī). Thus:
aud-iō, audīre, aud-īvī, aud-ītus
Practice for Week 11
Give form and meaning for audiō, 4. tr. – hear in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 167.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for audiō, 4. tr. – hear in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 170.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for audiō, 4. tr. – hear in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 173.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Additional practice for Week 11
Give form and meaning for muniō, 4. tr. - fortify, in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 167.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for muniō, 4. tr. - fortify, in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 170.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for muniō, 4. tr. - fortify, in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 173.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W11
Give form and meaning for veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum, 4, intr. - come, in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 167.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum, 4, intr. - come, in the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 170.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum, 4, intr. - come in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 173.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W11
Give form and meaning for conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum, 4. intr. - come together, assemble, in the Present Tense (present stem) No. 167.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum, 4. intr. - come together, assemble the Imperfect Tense (present stem) No. 170.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum, 4. intr. - come together, assemble in the Future Tense (present stem) No. 173.
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 12
No. 14 - Nouns have gender, number, case and declension
No. 15 - Gender. There are three genders in Latin: masculine, feminine, neuter.
No. 16 - All nouns meaning individual male persons are masculine.
No. 17 - All nouns meaning individual female persons are feminine.
No. 18 - The gender of other nouns must be learned from their declension of from the vocabularies.
No. 19 - Number. There are two numbers in Latin: singular and plural.
No. 20 The singular speaks of one: via, a road.
No. 21 The plural speaks of more than one: viae, roads.
No. 22 Case. There are six cases in Latin:
Nominative: the case of the Subject. Genitive: the case of the Possessor. Dative: the case of the Indirect Object; the ‘to’ or ‘for’ caseAccusative: the case of the Direct Object.Ablative: the ‘by-with-from’ case [ used frequently with prepositions]Vocative: the case of the Person Addressed.
No. 23 Declension. Declension consists in adding the proper ENDINGS to the STEM to show the different genders, numbers, and cases
No. 24 Stem. The stem is found by dropping the ENDING of the GENITIVE SINGULAR. vi-ae, stem: vi-
S2W12No. 346 – Indicative Present
Singular - sum – I am es – you are est – he, she, it, is
Plural - sumus - we are estis – you are sunt – they are
No. 347 – Indicative Imperfect
Singular – eram - I was erās – you were erat – he, she, it was
Plural – erāmus – we were erātis – you were erant – they were
No. 348 – Indicative Future
Singular - erō – I shall be eris – you will be erit – he, she, it will be
Plural - erimus – we shall be eritis – you will be
erunt – they will be
S2W12
Present, Imperfect, and and Future Indicative of Sum:
1. The final personal signs are the same as in the four conjugations.2. The third person plural of the future is erunt.
No. 474 - A predicate adjective agrees with its noun in gender, number, and case
Vīta brevis est.Life is short.
No. 477 - An attributive adjective agrees with its noun in gender, number and case.
Mīles fortis pugnat.The brave soldier fights.
Practice for Week 12
Copy or fill in the blank Grammar Rules:
No. 14 - Nouns ____________________________________________________________
No. 15 - Gender. There are three genders in Latin: ________________________________.
No. 16 - All nouns meaning individual male persons are _______________________.
No. 17 - All nouns meaning individual female persons are _______________________.
No. 18 - The gender of other nouns must be learned from their ______________ of from the vocabularies.
No. 19 - Number. There are two numbers in Latin: _______________________________.
No. 20 The singular speaks of ___________: via, a road.
No. 21 The plural speaks of more than _______________: viae, roads.
No. 22 Case. There are ________ cases in Latin:
_______________: the case of the ____________________.
_________________: the case of the ________________. _________________: the case of the ________________; the _____/________ case.
_________________: the case of the ________________.
_________________: the “ ________________” case [used frequently with _______________]
_________________: the case of the ________________.
No. 23 Declension. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
No. 24 Stem. The stem is found by dropping the __________________of the GENITIVE ____________________ vi-ae, stem: vi-
SW12No. 346 – Indicative Present - SUM
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No. 346 – Indicative Imperfect – ERAM
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No. 348 – Indicative Future - ERO
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Copy Grammar Rules:
No. 474: ______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
No. 477: ______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 13
Verbs
No 142 Verbs have voice, mood, tense, number, and person.
No 143 Voice. There are two vocies: active and passive.
No 144 a. The active represents the subject as acting or being. Lēgātum laudō. I praise the envoy. Valeō. I am well.
No 145 b. The passive represents the subject as acted upon. Laudor. I am praised.
No 146 Mood. There are three moods: indicative, subjunctive, imperative. (The meanings and used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 147 Tense. There are six tenses: present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect, future perfect. (The meanings and used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 148 Number. There are two numbers: singular and plural. No 149 Person. There are three persons:
First (the one speaking – I, we)
Second (the one spoken to – you)
Third (the one spoken of – he, she, it, they)
No 150 Conjugation consists in adding the proper endings to the proper stem to show the different voices, moods, tenses, numbers and persons.
S2W13
No 174Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem)
Singular – 1. laudāv-ī - I praised ( I have praised) 2. laudāv-istī - you praised ( you have praised) 3. laudāv-īt - he, she, it praised ( he, she, it has praised)
Plural - 1. laudāv-imus - we praised ( we have praised) 2. laudāv-istis you praised ( you have praised) 3. laudāv-ērunt – they praised (they have praised)
No 177Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem)
Singular – 1. monu-ī - I advised (I have advised) 2. monu-istī - you advised ( you have advised) 3. monu-īt - he, she, it advised (he, she, it has advised)
Plural - 1. monu-imus - we advised ( we have advised) 2. monu-istis - you advised (you have advised)
3. monu - ērunt – they advised (they have advised)
No 178Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem)
Singular – 1. mīs -ī - I sent ( I have sent) 2. mīs-istī - you sent ( you have sent) 3. mīs -īt - he, she, it sent ( he, she, it has sent)
Plural - 1. mīs-imus - we sent ( we have sent) 2. mīs-istis - you sent ( you have sent) 3. mīs-ērunt – they sent (they have sent)
No 179Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem)
Singular – 1. audīv-ī - I heard ( I have heard) 2. audīv-istī - you heard ( you have heard) 3. audīv-īt - he, she, it heard ( he, she, it has heard)
Plural - 1. audīv-imus - we heard ( we have heard) 2. audīv-istis - you heard ( you have heard)
3. audīv-ērunt – they heard (they have heard
S2W13
No. 349
Indicative Perfect
Singular – 1. fu-ī - I have been, I was 2. fu-istī - you have been, you were 3. fu-īt - he, she, it has been; he, she it was
Plural - 1. fu-imus - we have been, we were 2. fu-istis - you have been, you were
3. fu-ērunt – they have been, they were
The Perfect Active Stem:
1. The perfect system of the indicative active includes the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses.
2. The perfect active stem is found by dropping the ending -ī of the third principal part.
laudāv-ī stem: laudāv-
monu-ī stem: monu-
mīs-ī stem: mīs-
audīv-ī stem: audīv-
fu-ī stem: fu-
Perfect Indicative Active
The PERFECT tense expresses a past act
For all three forms in English, Latin has one form: the PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE.
The perfect indicative active of ALL LATIN VERBS, REGULAR AND IRREGULAR, is formed by:
1. Finding the perfect stem from the third principal part;
2. Adding the endings shown in the model, Grammar No. 174
Practice for Week 13
Copy or fill in the blank Grammar Rules:
Verbs
No 142 Verbs have ______________________________________________________.
No 143 Voice. There are two vocies: ________________________________________.
No 144 a. The active represents the ______________________________. Lēgātum laudō. I praise the envoy. Valeō. I am well.
No 145 b. The passive represents the __________________________________. Laudor. I am praised.
No 146 Mood. There are three moods: _________________________________________. (The meanings and used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 147 Tense. There are six tenses________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________. (The meanings and used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 148 Number. There are two numbers: ___________________________________. No 149 Person. There are three persons:
___________________(the one speaking – I, we)
____________________(the one spoken to – you)
__________________(the one spoken of – he, she, it, they)
No 150 Conjugation ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________.
S2W13
No 174Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - laudāv-ī
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 177Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - monu-ī
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 178Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - mīs -ī
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W13
No 179Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - audīv-ī -
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W13
No. 349
Indicative Perfect - fu-ī
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Week 13
No 174Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - collocō, 1. tr. - place, station
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 177Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsūrus, 2. tr. - remain
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 178Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - compleō, complēre, complēvī, complētus, 2. tr.; w. abl. - fill (with)
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W13
No 179Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - cēdō, cēdere, cessī, cessūrus, 3. intr. - give way, yield
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 14
No 175
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Singular – 1. laudāv-eram - I had praised 2. laudāv-erās - you had praised 3. laudāv-erat - he, she, it had praised
Plural - 1. laudāv-erāmus - we had praised 2. laudāv-erātis - you had praised 3. laudāv-erant – they had praise
No 176
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem)
Singular – 1. laudāv-erō - I shall have praised 2. laudāv-eris - you will have praised 3. laudāv-erit - he, she, it will have praised
Plural - 1. laudāv-erimus - we shall have praised 2. laudāv-eritis - you will have praised
3. laudāv-erint – they will have praised
No 180Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Singular – 1. monu-eram - I had advised 2. monu-erās - you had advised 3. monu-erat - he, she, it had advised
Plural - 1. monu-erāmus - we had advised 2. monu-erātis - you had advised 3. monu-erant– they had advised
S2W14
No 181Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Singular – 1. mīs -eram - I had sent 2. mīs-erās - you had sent 3. mīs -erat - he, she, it had sent
Plural - 1. mīs-erāmus - we had sent 2. mīs-erātis - you had sent 3. mīs-erant – they had sent
No 182Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Singular – 1. audīv-eram - I had heard 2. audīv-erās - you had heard 3. audīv-erat - he, she, it had heard
Plural - 1. audīv-erāmus - we had heard 2. audīv-erātis - you had heard
3. audīv-erant – they had heard
No 183Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem)
Singular – 1. monu-erō - I shall have advised 2. monu-eris - you will have advised 3. monu-erit - he, she, it will have advised
Plural - 1. monu-erimus - we shall have advised 2. monu-eritis - you will have advised
3. monu-erint– they will have advised
No 184Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem)
Singular – 1. mīs -erō - I shall have sent 2. mīs-eris - you will have sent 3. mīs -erit - he, she, it will have sent
Plural - 1. mīs-erimus - we shall have sent 2. mīs-eritis - you will have sent 3. mīs-erint – they will have sent
S2W14
No 185Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem)
Singular – 1. audīv-erō - I shall have heard 2. audīv-eris - you will have heard 3. audīv -erat - he, she, it will have heard
Plural - 1. audīv-erimus - we shall have heard 2. audīv-eritis - you will have heard
3. audīv-erint – they will have heard
Practice for Week 14
No 175
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) – laudav-
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 176
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - laudav
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 180Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) – monu-
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W14
No 181Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - mīs
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W14
No 182Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)- audīv
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 183Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - monu
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W14
No 184Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - mīs
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
No 185Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - audīv
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Week 14
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - adjuvō, adjuvāre, adjūvī, adjūtus, 1. tr. - help, aid
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - - adjuvō, adjuvāre, adjūvī, adjūtus, 1. tr. - help, aid
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - - perturbō, 1. tr. - confuse, disturb
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - perturbō, 1. tr. - confuse, disturb
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - incendō, incendere, incendī, incēnsus, 3. tr. - set fire to, burn
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - - incendō, incendere, incendī, incēnsus, 3. tr. - set fire to, burn
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
S2W14
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) incitō, 1. tr. - incite, arouse
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - incitō, 1. tr. - incite, arouse
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) servō, 1. tr – guard, keep
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd PPlural 3rd P
S2W14
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - servō, 1. tr – guard, keep
Form MeaningSingular 1st PSingular 2nd PSingular 3rd P
Plural 1st PPlural 2nd PPlural 3rd P