· Web viewScalar field, vector field, gradient, divergence, curl, Laplacian, – expression for...

DWARAKA DOSS GOVERDHAN DOSS VAISHNAV COLLEGE

(Linguistic Minority Institution)

[AUTONOMOUS]

Reaccredited at ‘A’ Grade by NAAC(Effective from 2016–2017 onwards)

“Gokulbagh” 833, Periyar E.V.R. Salai,

Arumbakkam, Chennai – 600106. Ph: 2475 4349

E-mail: [email protected]

SYLLABUS FOR M.Sc. PHYSICS DEGREE COURSE

[Effective from 2016–2017 onwards]

The Regulations and syllabi for the M.Sc. Physics Degree course for the I and II semesters as per the format given by the Tamilnadu State Council for

Higher Education [TANSCHE], Chennai, under Choice Based Credit System for the PG Degree Courses to be offered in the affiliated colleges, is given in

Annexure – I.

Accordingly Choice Based Credit System is offered for M.Sc. Physics Degree Course.

The distribution of available 30 hours per week among various papers is given in

Annexure – I.

The Question Paper pattern is shown in Annexure – II

The Internal Evaluation Pattern is shown in Annexure – III.

The department takes utmost care to maintain high academic standards. The Syllabi of the University of Madras, various autonomous colleges and the

model curricula of UGC were referred to and all possible updations and upgradations have been effected.

All papers are unitized to 5 Units as per UGC Norms.

The proposed new syllabus is submitted herewith.

ANNEXURE – I

A general overview of the four-semester programme, including the courses, hours and the credits


SEMESTER I

S. No Course Name of course Inst. hours credits Max. marks

2

component CIA External Total

1 Core Paper 1 – Mathematical Physics I 6 hours 5 40 60 100

2 Core Paper 2 – Classical Mechanics and Relativity 5 hours 5 40 60 100

3 Core Paper 3 – Quantum Mechanics I 5 hours 5 40 60 100

4 Core Paper 4 – Integrated Electronics 6 hours 5 40 60 100

5 Core Paper 5 – Practical I 3 hoursPractical examination at the end of Semester II

6 Core Paper 6 – Practical II 3 hours

7 Soft Skill I 2 hours 2 40 60 100

TOTAL 30 22 200 300 500

SEMESTER II

S. No Course

component

Name of course Inst.

hours

credits Max. marks

CIA external Total

8 Core Paper 7 – Mathematical Physics II 6 hours 5 40 60 100

9 Core Paper 8 – Quantum Mechanics II 6 hours 5 40 60 100

10 Core Paper 5– Practical I 3 hours 5 40 60 100

11 Core Paper 6 – Practical II 3 hours 5 40 60 100

12 Elective – I* Paper 9 – Spectroscopy 5 hours 5 40 60 100

13 EDP – I** Paper 10 – Microprocessor Fundamentals

8085

5 hours 5 40 60 100


TOTAL 30 32 280 420 700

SEMESTER III

S. No Course

component

Name of course Inst. hours Credits Max. marks

CIA External Total

15 Core Paper 11 – Statistical Mechanics 6 hours 5 40 60 100

16 Core Paper 12 – Electromagnetic Theory &

Plasma Physics

6 hours 5 40 60 100

17 Core Paper 13 – Practical – III 3 hoursPractical examination at the end of Semester IV

18 Core Paper 14 – Practical – IV 3 hours

19 Elective II Paper 15 – Microprocessor 8086 and

Microcontroller 8051

5 hours 5 40 60 100

20 EDP – II** Paper 16 – Materials Synthesis and

Characterization

5 hours 5 40 60 100


22 Industrial Internship 2

TOTAL 30 24 200 300 500

SEMESTER IV

S. No Course

component

Name of course Inst. hours Credits Max. marks

CIA External Total

23 Core Paper 17 – Condensed Matter Physics 6 hours 5 40 60 100

24 Core Paper 18 – Nuclear & Particle Physics 6 hours 5 40 60 100

25 Core Paper 12 – Practical – III 3 hours 5 40 60 100

26 Core Paper 13 – Practical – IV 3 hours 5 40 60 100

27 Core Paper 20 – Project 2 hours 4 40 60 100

28 Elective III Paper 19 – Computational Methods and

C programming

5 hours5 40 60 100


3

30 Project 3 hours 4 40 60 100

TOTAL 30 35 280 420 700

PRACTICAL

Practical I: General Physics Experiments

Practical II: Electronics Practical III: Microprocessor 8085 and Microcontroller 8051

Practical IV: Computational Methods and Programming ANNEXURE – II

Question Paper Pattern (Theory Courses)


Duration: 3 hours Max. Marks: 100

Part – A 10 questions × 2 mark each = 20 marks

(10 out of 12, atleast 2 questions from each Unit)

Part – B

5 questions × 7 marks each = 35 marks

(5 out of 7 questions, covering all 5 Units)

Part – C

3 questions × 15 marks each = 45 marks

(3 out of 5 questions, covering all 5 Units) SYLLABUS

SEMESTER I

Paper 1

MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS I

No. of credits: 5 Q. Pr. No.: 1301

No. of hours allotted: 6/week Subject code: 22101

Unit 1: Vector Analysis

Scalar field, vector field, gradient, divergence, curl, Laplacian, – expression for gradient, divergence, curl, Laplacian in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates,

spherical coordinates and cylindrical coordinates – line, surface and volume integrals of vectors – problems and applications – Stoke’s theorem – Green’s

theorem – Green’s theorem in a plane – vector integration – application of vectors: equation of continuity, Euler’s equation of motion, Bernoulli’s

theorem, Toricelli theorem.

Unit 2: Linear Differential Equations and Special Functions

Second order linear differential equations – solution by power series method (Forbenius method) Legendre, Laguerre and Hermite differential equations –

expansion of polynomials – Bessel’s functions – beta functions – gamma functions – their applications.

Unit 3: Dirac Delta, Green’s Function and Vector Space

Vectors in n-dimensions – matrix representations of vectors and operators in a basis – linear independence, dimension – inner product – Schwartz

inequality – orthonormal basis – Gram-Schmidt process – Eigen values and Eigen functions of operators.

Dirac-delta function – Dirac-delta calculus – applications – one-dimensional Green’s function – eigen function expansion of the Green’s function

– reciprocity theorem – Sturm–Liouville type equations in one dimension and their Green’s functions.

Unit 4: Matrices

Basic concepts of matrix algebra – types of matrices and their properties: square matrix, null matrix, row and column matrix, triangular matrix, diagonal

matrix, scalar matrix, unit matrix, periodic matrix, symmetric and anti-symmetric matrix, skew symmetric matrix, Hermitian matrix, skew Hermitian

matrix, unitary and orthogonal matrix – Conjugate of a matrix – adjoint of a matrix – inverse of a matrix – trace of a matrix – transformation of matrices –

characteristic equation – Eigen values and Eigen vectors – their nature – Cayley–Hamilton theorem – diagonalisation of matrix – application of matrices:

solution of linear equations using matrices – Cramer’s rule-problems.

Unit 5: Group Theory

4

Group axioms – definition: subgroup, simple group, Abelian group, cyclic group, order of a group, class, isomorphism, homomorphism – Lagrange’s

theorem statement and proof – Symmetry operations and respective symmetry elements: Identity, rotation, reflection, rotation reflection, inversion –

symmetry operations of a rectangle, equilateral triangle – application: construction of group multiplication table (not character table) for groups of order

2, 3, cyclic group of order 4, noncyclic group of order 4 – definition of a point group – symmetry operations of water – symmetry operations of ammonia –

great orthogonality theorem (only statement, no proof, no derivation) – rules to form a character table – application: construction of character table for C2v

(water) and C3v (ammonia)

Books for Study1.

Mathematical Physics – Sathyaprakash, Sultan Chand & Co.2.

Mathematical Physics – B.S. Rajput, PragathiPrakasan, 2007.3.

Mathematical Physics – B.D. Gupta, Vikas Publishing House Reprint, 1999.4.

Group Theory and Symmetry in Chemistry – Gurdeep Raj, Ajay Bhagi, Vinod Jain, Krishna Prakashan Media Publishers, Meerut.5.

Mathematical Physics – P.K. Chattopadhyay, Wiley Eastern, Chennai, 1990.6.

Matrices and Tensors for Physics – A.W. Joshi, 3rd Ed, Wiley Easter, Chennai, 1995.7.

Elements of Group Theory for Physicists – A.W. Joshi, 4th Ed, New Age International Pvt Ltd, 2005.8.

Chemical applications of Group Theory – F. Albert Cotton, 3rd Ed, Wiley Interscience, 1990.9.

Introduction to Electrodynamics – David J. Griffith, Pearson, 2013.

Books for Reference1.

Matrices and Tensors for Physics – A.W. Joshi, 3rd Ed, Wiley Easter, Chennai, 1995.2.

Mathematical Physics – E. Butkov, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1968.3.

Mathematical Methods for Physicists – Arfken, Weber, 6th Ed, Elsevier Publication.4.

Mathematical Methods – Potter, Goldberg, 2nd Ed Prentice-Hall, India.

5.Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineering – Riley, Hobson, Bence, 2nd Ed, Cambridge Low-price edition.

6.Special Functions – M.D. Raisinghania, published by Kedarnath and Ramnath, 4th revised edition.

7.Advanced Engineering Mathematics – E. Kreyszig, 8th Ed, Wiley, New York.

8.Special Functions – M.D. Raisinghania, published by Kedarnath and Ramnath, 4th revised edition.

Paper 2

CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND RELATIVITY



Unit 1: Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Formulations

Generalized coordinates – principal of virtual work – D’Alembert’s principle – Lagrange’s equations from D’Alembert’s principle-conservation laws –

Lagrange’s equations from Hamilton’s variational principle – generalized momentum – cyclic coordinates – Hamiltonian – Hamilton’s canonical equation

of motion – applications – scattering by central potential – Kepler’s law.

Unit 2: Mechanics of Rigid Bodies

Rigid body motion – kinematics – Euler’s angles – infinitesimal rotations – rate of change of a vector – Coriolis force – expression for Coriolis force –

dynamics – angular momentum and kinetic energy – moment of inertia tensor – Euler’s equations of motion – torque-free motion – symmetrical top –

effective potential of symmetric top – introduction to types of motion of top – steady precession, nutation, fast top (no mathematical derivation).

Unit 3: Canonical Transformation

Canonical transformations and their generators – simple examples – Poisson brackets – equations of motion in Poisson bracket formalism – symmetries

and conservation laws – Hamilton–Jacobi theorem – application to harmonic oscillator problem.

Unit 4: Small Oscillations

Stable, unstable, neutral equilibrium – potential energy curve – one dimensional oscillator – two coupled oscillator – solution – normal co-ordinates –

frequencies of normal modes – kinetic and potential energy in normal co-ordinates – general theory of small oscillations – secular equation – Eigen values

– solution – application – linear triatomic molecule.

Unit 5: Relativity

5

Minkowski space – Lorentz transformation – four-vectors – examples of four vectors – position, velocity, momentum, acceleration – Lorentz invariance of

the four product of two four vectors – invariance of Maxwell’s equations – relativistic Lagrangian and Hamiltonian for a free particle.

Books for Study1.

Classical Mechanics – H. Goldstein, 3rd Ed, Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi, 2002.2.

Classical Mechanics – C.R. Mondal, Prentice–Hall of India, New Delhi.3.

Classical Mechanics – Gupta and Kumar, Pragathi Prakashan, 2012.4.

Classical Mechanics – J.C. Upadhyaya, Himalaya Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1999.5.

Classical Mechanics – Rana and Joag, Tata McGraw Hill, 2003.


Mechanics – L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Pergomon Press, Oxford, 1969.2.

Principles of Classical Mechanics – J.L. Synge and B.A. Griffith, Mc Graw-Hill, New York, 1949.

Paper 3

QUANTUM MECHANICS I



Unit 1: Basic Formalism

Interpretation and conditions on the wave functions – equation of continuity – postulates of quantum mechanics – Schrodinger equation – expectation

value – normalisation of wave function Ehrenfest’s theorem – stationary states – Hermitian operators for dynamical variables – Eigen values – Eigen

functions – uncertainty principle.

Unit 2: One Dimensional Problems and Three Dimensional Problems

Particle in a box – square-well potential – barrier penetration – simple harmonic oscillator. Orbital angular momentum – spherical harmonics – central

forces – reduction of two body problem – particle in a spherical well – hydrogen atom – ladder operators method. Unit 3: General formalism

Hilbert space – Dirac notation – coordinate representation – momentum representations – time evolution – Schrodinger, Heisenberg and interaction

pictures – symmetries and conservation laws – unitary transformations associated with translations – unitary transformations associated with rotations –

parity – time reversal.

Unit 4: Approximation methods

Time-independent perturbation theory for non-degenerate level – time-independent perturbation theory for degenerate levels – Stark effect – variation

method – ground state energy of helium atom – JWKB approximation – application to simple harmonic oscillator – connection formula (no derivation).

Unit 5: Angular momentum and identical particles

Eigen value spectrum from angular momentum algebra – matrix representation – spin angular momentum – addition of angular momenta – Clebsch–

Gordan coefficients.

Identical particles – symmetry and anti-symmetry of wave functions – spin and statistics – Pauli matrices.

Books for Study1.

Quantum Mechanics – W. Greiner, Springer, 1984.2.

Quantum Mechanics – G. Aruldhas (Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2002).3.

Quantum Mechanics: Theory and Applications – A. Ghatak and S. Lokanathan, 4th Ed, Macmillan India.4.

Quantum Mechanics – L.I. Schiff, McGraw Hill, International student edition, 3rd Ed., 1968.5.

Quantum Mechanics – V. Devanathan, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2005.


Quantum Mechanics – E. Merzbacher, 2nd Ed, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1970.2.

The Feynman Lectures on Physics – R. P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M. Sands, Vol. 3, Narosa Publication, New Delhi3.

Introduction to Quantum Mechanics – Griffiths, 2nd Ed.

Paper 4

INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS


6


Unit 1: Semiconductor devices

FET, MOSFET, UJT, SCR – constructional features – working principle and I–V characteristics – FET as common source and common drain amplifier –

biasing of FET and MOSFET – UJT relaxation oscillator – SCR for power control.

Unit 2: Operational Amplifier

DC Analysis of IC Op-Amp – instrumentation amplifier – transducer bridge – applications – temperature indicator – analog integrator, differentiator –

design of analog circuits for solution of differential equation using Op-Amps – simultaneous equations using Op-Amps.

Unit 3: Linear ICs and Applications

Generation of square, triangular and sine waves – pulse generation – Schmitt trigger – active filter circuits – low pass, high pass, band pass – design of

first order – design of second order Butterworth filter circuits.

Timer 555: Internal architecture and working – Schmitt trigger – astable and monostable multivibratiors – phase locked loop. Voltage controlled oscillator

(VCO) IC 566 – PLL concept.

Unit 4: Flip-Flops and Registers

Combinational and Sequential logic circuits – 4-bit binary adder and subtractor – encoder and decoder – multiplexer and demultiplexer.

Flip–Flops: 1-bit memory, latch, R-S flip flop, J-K fip flop – race-around condition – master – Slave flip flop – T and D flip flops.

Registers, modes of operation, shift right, shift left registers.

Unit 5: Counters and Converters

Counters (4 bit). Ripple (or) asynchronous counters – synchronous counters – up–down counters – decade counter – BCD counter – ring counter –

Johnson counter.

D/A convertor – binary weighted resistor – R–2R ladder, accuracy and resolution – dual slop DAC – A/D convertor – flash type – counter type –

successive approximation.

Books for Study1.

Semiconductor Devices – Physics and Technology – S.M. Sze, 1985, Wiley, New York.2.

Integrated Electronics – Millman and Halkias, Tata McGraw Hill.3.

Electronic Devices and Circuits – Millman and Halkias, Tata McGraw Hill.4.

OPAmps and Integrated Circuits – R.A. Gaekwad, 1994, EEE.5.

Digital Integrated Electronics – Taub and Shilling, 1983, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.6.

Digital Electronics – Malvino and Leech, 5th Ed, Tata McGraw Hill.7.

Digital and Analog Circuits and Systems – J. Millman, 1979, McGraw-Hill, London.


Principles of Electronics – V.K. Mehta, S. Chand & Co. Ltd., 1999.2.

Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory – R.L. Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, 8th Ed, Pearson Education.3.

Introduction to Semiconductor Devices – M.S. Tyagi, Wiley, New York, 2004.

Paper 5

Practical I

General

Internal assessment: 2 tests out of 3 : 30 marks

Attendance : 5 marks

Record : 5 marks

TOTAL : 40 marks

External marks (TOTAL: 60 marks)

Practical: Record: 10 marks; Experiment: 50 marks

Any FOURTEEN Experiments:

1. Cornu’s method – Young’s modulus by elliptical fringes

2. Young’s modulus – Hyperbolic fringes.

3. Stefan’s constant

7

4. Band gap energy – Thermistor/semiconductor(using Post Office box)

5. Hydrogen spectrum – Rydberg constant

6. Thickness of the enamel coating on a wire – by diffraction.

7. Lasers – study of laser beam parameters

8. Laser experiments: (i) Diffraction at straight edge, (ii) Interference of laser beams – Llyods single mirror method, (iii) Interference using an

optically plane glass plate, (iv) Diffraction at a straight wire and (v) Diffraction at a circular aperture.

9. L-G plate.

10. Arc spectrum – copper

11. Experiments on optical fibres

12. Michelson interferometer – Wavelength, separation of wavelengths.

13. Michelson interferometer – Thickness of a thin film.

14. Miscibility measurements using ultrasonic diffraction method.

15. Conductivity measurement using four probe method.

16. Viscosity of liquid – Meyer’s disc.

17. F. P. Etalon using spectrometer.

18. Arc spectrum – Iron.

19. Specific charge of an electron – Thomson’s method.

20. B-H curve using CRO

21. GM counter – Characteristics, inverse square law, absorption coefficient.

22. GM counter – Feather’s analysis: Range of Beta rays.

23. Hall effect

24. Susceptibility by Quincke’s method.

25. Susceptibility by Guoy’s method.

26. Ultrasonics – Compressibility of a liquid

27. Curie measurement – Measurement of the given wire.

28. Spectral analysis of salt.

29. Optic bench – Determination of thickness of the insulation of the given wire by the method of insulation.

30. Optic bench – Determination of bandwidth and wavelength of monochromatic source of light using biprism.

Books for Reference

1. An Advanced Course in Practical Physics – D. Chattopadhyay, P.C. Rakshit, and B. Saha, 2002, 6th Ed, Books and Allied, Kolkata.

Paper 6

Practical II

Electronics



Record : 5 marks

TOTAL : 40 marks



Any TWELVE Experiments:

1. FET CS amplifier – Design, Frequency response, input impedance, output impedance

2. Study of attenuation characteristics of Wien bridge network and Wien bridge oscillator using Op-Amp.

3. Study of attenuation characteristics of phase shift network and phase shift oscillator using Op-Amp.

4. Design of a Schmitt trigger circuit using IC 741 f or a given hysteresis

5. Design a square wave oscillator using IC 741 and Triangular wave oscillator.

6. Construction of pulse generator using the IC 741 – Application as frequency divider.

8

7. Study of R-S, clocked R-S, D flip-flops using NAND gates.

8. Study of J-K, D and T flip-flops using IC 7473.

9. Clock generators using IC 7400 and 7413 using microprocessor 8085.

10. Design of UJT relaxation oscillator for a frequency – Generation of positive and negative

triggering pulses.

11. Solving simultaneous equations IC 741/IC LM324

12. Op-amp – 4-bit D/A converters using R-2R ladder network

13. Op-amp – 4-bit D/A converters using Binary Weighted resistor method

14. Op-amp – Active filters: Low pass, High pass and Band pass filters (Second Order Butterworth design).

15. Construction of square wave generator using IC 555 – study of VCO.

16. Design of Schmitt trigger circuit using IC 555 for a given hysteresis

17. Construction of pulse generator using the IC 555 – Application as frequency divider.

18. IC 7473/76 – shift register, ring counter & Johnson counter

19. Binary UP/DOWN counter using JK Flip flops

20. Arithmetic operations using IC 7483 and IC 7486

21. IC 7490 as scalar and seven segment display using IC 7447.

22. Digital multiplexer.

23. Digital demultiplexer.

Book for Reference1.

An Advanced Course in Practical Physics – D. Chattopadhyay, P. C. Rakshit, and B. Saha, 2002, 6th Ed, Books and Allied, Kolkata.

SEMESTER II

Paper 7

MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS II



Unit 1: Complex Variables

Complex numbers – complex algebra – analytic functions – Cauchy Riemann conditions – singular points – Cauchy’s theorem – Cauchy integral formula

– Taylor’s series – Liouville’s theorem from Taylor’s series – Laurent’s series – zeroes and singularities – residue and poles – residue theorem and its

applications – evaluation of definite integrals.

Unit 2: Fourier Series and Integrals

Basic definitions – evaluation of evaluation of coefficients of Fourier series – problems – advantages of Fourier series – Parseval’s theorem – application

of Fourier series: analysis of periodic waveforms, full wave rectifier – Fourier integrals.

Unit 3: Integral Transforms

Laplace transform – linearity, shifting, change of scale properties – derivative of Laplace transform – integration of Laplace transform – inverse Laplace

transform – properties – problems

Fourier transform – Fourier integral – introduction to Fourier sine transform – Fourier cosine transform – simple applications.

Unit 4: Tensor Analysis

Definition of tensors in three dimensions: scalars, vectors – tensors in Minkowski world – rank of a tensor – covariant, contravariant and mixed tensors-

symmetric and antisymmetric tensors – Fundamental rules of tensor analysis: addition, subtraction, direct product, quotient rule – index notation and

summation conventions – invariant tensor – Christoffel’s symbols of I and II kind – properties – transformation laws – application of tensor analysis to

dynamics of a particle (Lagrange’s equation)

Unit 5: Probability, Theory of Errors and Curve Fitting

Probability – dependent and independent events – mutually exclusive events – repeated and independent trials – binomial law of probability – multinomial

law – sample space and events – random variables – binomial, Poisson, normal (Guassian) distributions – standard deviations – mean – mode – variance –

principle of least squares – curve fitting.

Books for Study

9

1. Mathematical Physics – Sathyaprakash, Sultan Chand & Co.

2. Mathematical Physics – B.S. Rajput, PragathiPrakasan, 2007.

3. Mathematical Physics – B.D. Gupta, Vikas publishing house reprint 1999.

4. Group Theory and Symmetry in Chemistry – Gurdeep Raj, Ajay Bhagi, Vinod Jain, Krishna Prakashan Media Publishers, Meerut.

5. Mathematical Physics – P.K. Chattopadhyay, Wiley Eastern, Chennai, 1990.

6. Matrices and Tensors for Physics– A.W. Joshi, 3rd Ed, Wiley Easter, Chennai, 1995.

7. Elements of Group Theory for Physicists, Wiley Eastern Ltd.

Books for Reference

1. Matrices and Tensors for Physics – A.W. Joshi, 3rd Ed, Wiley Easter, Chennai, 1995.

2. Mathematical Physics – E. Butkov, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1968.

3. Mathematical Methods for Physicists – Arfken, Weber, 6th Ed, Elsevier Publication.

4. Mathematical Methods – Potter, Goldberg, 2nd Ed Prentice-Hall, India.

5. Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineering – Riley, Hobson, Bence, 2nd Ed, Cambridge Low-price edition.

6. Special Functions – M.D. Raisinghania, published by Kedarnath and Ramnath, 4th revised edition.

7. Advanced Engineering Mathematics – E. Kreyszig, 8th Ed, Wiley, New York.

Paper 8

QUANTUM MECHANICS II



Unit 1: Scattering Theory

Scattering amplitude – differential scattering cross section – relation between scattering amplitude and scattering cross section – first born approximation –

expression for scattering amplitude – partial wave analysis – scattering amplitude – optical theorem – effective range theory for S-wave scattering.

Unit 2: Perturbation Theory

Time dependent perturbation theory – Fermi golden rule – harmonic perturbation – transition probabilities – emission and absorption of radiation –

Einstein’s co-efficients of spontaneous emission, stimulated emission – adiabatic approximation – sudden approximation .

Unit 3: Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

Klein–Gordon equation – probability and current densities – equation of continuity – Drawbacks of K–G equation – Dirac equation – properties of α and β

matrices – plane-wave solution of Dirac equation – equation of continuity – interpretation of negative energy states – probability and current densities.

Unit 4: Dirac Equation

Covariant form of Dirac equation – properties of the gamma matrices – traces – relativistic invariance of Dirac equation – probability density – current

four vector – bilinear covariants – Feynman’s theory of positron (elementary ideas only without propagation formalism).

Unit 5: Second Quantization

Field function –– quantization procedure for particles – Lagrangian density – Euler–Lagrange equation for classical field – Hamiltonian density – second

quantization of real scalar field (Klein-Gordon field) – creation, annihilation and number operators – commutation relations.

Books for Study

1. Quantum Mechanics – Gupta, Kumar and Sharma, 2005, Jai Prakash Nath & Co.

Meerut.

2. Quantum Mechanics – V. K. Thankappan, 1985, 2nd Ed, Wiley Eastern Ltd, New

Delhi.

3. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics – J.D. Bjorken and S.D. Drell, 1964, MacGraw-

Hill New York.

4. Quantum Mechanics – V. Devanathan, 2005, Narosa Publishing House, New

Delhi.

5. Quantum Mechanics – S. N. Biswas, 1999, Books and Allied, Kolkata.

6. Quantum Mechanics – G. Aruldhas, 2002, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.

7. Quantum Mechanics – W. Greiner, Springer, 1984.

10


A Text book of Quantum Mechanics – P.M. Mathews and K. Venkatesan, 1976, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.2.

Quantum Mechanics – L. I. Schiff, 1968, 3rd Ed, International Student Edition,

MacGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Tokyo.3.

The Principles of Quantum Mechanics – P. A. M. Dirac, 1973, Oxford

University Press, London.4.

Quantum Mechanics – L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, 1958, Pergomon Press,

London.5.

The Foundations of Quantum Mechanics – J. S. Bell, Gottfried and M. Veltman, 2001, World Scientific.6.

Angular Momentum Techniques in Quantum Mechanics – V. Devanathan,

1999, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

Paper 9 (Elective Paper 1)

SPECTROSCOPY



Unit 1: Microwave Spectroscopy

Rotational spectra of diatomic molecules – reduced mass – rotational constant – effect of isotopic substation – non rigid rotator – centrifugal distortion

constant – polyatomic molecules – linear – symmetric top molecules – hyperfine structure and quadrupole moment of linear molecules – Instrumentation

techniques – block diagram – Stark effect.

Unit 2: Normal Coordinate Analysis

Raman and IR activity C2V and C3V point groups – NCA of water – internal coordinates of water – normal modes of vibration of water – IR and Raman

activity of normal modes – character table for water – molecular vibrations in terms of symmetry coordinates – orthonormalisation of symmetry

coordinates – orthonormal symmetry coordinates.

Unit 3: Infrared Spectroscopy

Vibrations of simple harmonic oscillator – zero point energy – anharmonic oscillator – fundamentals and overtones – diatomic vibrating rotator – PR

branch – PQR branch – – fundamental modes of vibration of water – CO2 – introduction to application of vibrational spectra – instrumentation

techniques – FTIR spectroscopy.

Unit 4: Raman Spectroscopy

Classical theory – molecular polarizability – polarizability ellipsoid – quantum theory of Raman effect – rotational Raman spectra of linear molecule –

symmetric top molecule – Stokes and antistokes line – SR branch – Raman activity of water – CO2 – mutual exclusion principle – determination of N2O

structure – instrumentation technique and block diagram – structure determination of planar and AB3 molecule, SO2 through IR and Raman spectroscopy.

Unit 5: UV Spectroscopy

Origin of UV spectra – laws of absorption – Lambert Bouguer law – Lambert Beer law – molar absorptivity – transmittance and absorbance –

instrumentation – single beam UV spectrophotometer – double beam UV spectrophotometer – simple applications.

Books for Study1.

Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy – C.N. Banwell and E.M. McCash, 1994, 4th Ed TMH, New Delhi.2.

Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy – G. Aruldas, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 2001.3.

Vibrational Spectroscopy and Applications – D.N. Satyanarayana, New Age International Publication, 2004.4.

Spectroscopy – B.K. Sharma, Goel Publishing House Meerut, 2005.


Spectroscopy, Amol Publications, D.D. Jyaji and M. D Yadav 1991.2.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Attaur Rahman, 1986, Spinger Verlag.3.

Raman Spectroscopy – D.A. Lang, Mc Graw-Hill International.4.

Basic Principles of Spectroscopy – Raymond Chang, 1980, Mc Graw-Hill Kogakusha, Tokyo.

Paper 10

11

EDP I

MICROPROCESSOR FUNDAMENTALS 8085



Unit 1: Architecture

Architecture of 8085 – registers, flags, ALU, address and data bus, demultiplexing address/data bus – control and status signals – control bus,

programmer’s model of 8085 – pin out diagram – functions of different pins.

Unit 2: Programming Techniques

Instruction set of 8085 – data transfer, arithmetic, logic, branching and machine control group of instructions – addressing modes – register indirect, direct,

immediate and implied addressing modes.

Assembly language and machine language – programming techniques: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, ascending, descending order, largest

and smallest (single byte), square and square root of a 8 bit number, Hex to BCD, BCD to Hex.

Unit 3: Interfacing Memory to 8085

Interfacing memory and I/O – memory system –– two dimensional addressing – 2K × 8, 4K × 8 ROM interface – 2K × 8, 4K × 8 RAM Interface – timing

diagram for memory READ and memory WRITE cycles.

Unit 4: Interrupts and Applications

Interrupts: Interrupts in 8085 – hardware and software interrupts – RIM, SIM instructions – priorities – simple polled and interrupt controlled data transfer.

Applications: Seven segment display interface – interfacing of digital to analog converter – analog to digital converter – stepper motor interface –

measurement of voltage and current.

flashing LEDs.

Unit 5: 8255 Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI)

8255 – architecture – pin out configuration – control word – different modes of operation – IN and OUT instructions – timing diagram – device selection –

design of input port and output port using I/O – mapped I/O techniques – difference between I/O mapped I/O, memory mapped I/O – simple polled I/O

and hand shaking operations.

Books for Study 1.

Microprocessor Architecture Programming and Application with 8085/8080A – R.S. Gaonkar, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1992.2.

Fundamental of Microprocessor 8085 – V. Vijayendran, S. Viswanathan Publishers, Chennai, 2003.3.

Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Microcomputers – B. Ram, Dhanpat Rai Publication.

Books for Reference

1. Introduction to Microprocessor – Aditya Mathur, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 1987.

2. Microprocessor and Digital System – Dougles V. Hall, 2nd Ed, McGraw Hill Company, 1983.

Paper 11

STATISTICAL MECHANICS No. of credits: 5 Q. Pr. No.: 1324


Unit 1: Thermodynamic Potentials

Thermodynamic potentials – reciprocity relations – Clausius Clayperon equation – ratio of isothermal, adiabatic elasticities – properties of thermodynamic

potentials – Helmholtz free energy and Gibb’s free energy – third law of thermodynamics – unattainability of absolute zero – Gibb’s phase rule.

Unit 2: Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics

Foundations of statistical mechanics – specification of states of a system – microcanonical ensemble – phase space – entropy – connection between

statistics and thermodynamics – entropy of an ideal gas using the microcanonical ensemble – entropy of mixing and Gibb’s paradox.

Unit 3: Canonical and Grand Canonical Ensembles

12

Trajectories and density of states – Liouville’s theorem – law of equipartition of energy – canonical and grand canonical ensembles – partition function

for canonical ensemble – partition function for grand canonical ensemble – thermodynamic function of perfect monoatomic gas – energy and density

fluctuations.

Unit 4: Classical Statistics

Introduction to classical statistics – statistical weight or priori probability – density matrix – statistics of distinguishable and indistinguishable particles –

Maxwell-Boltzman statistics .

Unit 5: Quantum Statistics

Fermi–Dirac statistics – ideal fermi gas – degeneracy – Bose–Einstein statistics – Plank radiation formula – ideal Bose gas – Bose–Einstein condensation.

Books for Study

1. Statistical Mechanics – S.K. Sinha, 1990, Tata McGraw–Hill, New Delhi.

2. Statistical Mechanics – B. K. Agarwal and M. Eisner, 1998, 2nd Ed, New Age International, New Delhi.

3. Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics – F. Reif, 1965, Mac Graw-Hill, New York.

4. Thermal Physics – C. Kittel, 1987, 2nd Ed, CBS Publication, New Delhi.

5. Heat and Thermodynamics – M. K. Zemansky, 1968, 5th Ed, McGraw-Hill New York.


Statistical Mechanics – R. K. Pathria, 1996, 2nd Ed, Butter Worth-Heinmann, New Delhi.2.

Statistical Physics – L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, 1969, PergomonPress, Oxford.3.

Statistical Mechanics – K. Huang, 2002, Taylor and Francis, London4.

Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics – W. Greiner, L. Neiseand, H. Stoecker,

Springer Verlang, New York.5.

Thermal Physics – A.B. Gupta, H. Roy, 2002, Books and Allied, Kolkata.6.

Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics – A. Kalidas, M. V. Sangaranarayanan, Macmillan India, New Delhi. 7.

Statistical Mechanics – M. Glazer and J. Wark, 2001, Oxford University Press, Oxford.8.

Statistical Physics – Statics, Dynamics and Renormalization – L.P. Kadanoff, 2001, World Scientific, Singapore.9.

Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics – F.W. Sears and G. L. Salinger, 1998, 3rd Ed, Narosa, New Delhi.

Paper 12

ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY AND PLASMA PHYSICS



Unit 1: Electrostatics

Review of Guass law – determination of potentials – method of images – solution of Laplace and Poisson equation – polarization and displacement vectors

– boundary conditions – dielectric sphere in a uniform field – molecular polarisability and electrical susceptibility – electrostatic energy in the presence of

dielectric – multipole expansion.

Unit 2: Magnetostatics

Biot–Savart law – Ampere’s law – magnetic vector potential and magnetic field of a localised current distribution – magnetic moment, force and torque on

a current distribution in an external field – magnetostatic energy – boundary conditions – uniformly magnetised sphere.

Unit 3: Maxwell Equations

Faraday’s laws of induction – Maxwell’s displacement current – Maxwell’s equations – vector and scalar potentials – gauge invariance – wave equation

and plane wave solution – Coulomb and Lorentz gauges – Energy and momentum of the field – Poynting’s theorem – Lorentz force.

Unit 4: Wave Propagation

Plane waves in conducting media – linear and circular polarization, reflection and refraction at a plane interface – propagation of waves in a rectangular

wave guide.- radiation from a localized source – oscillating electric dipole.

Unit 5: Elementary Plasma Physics

13

Plasma-introduction-conditions for plasma existence – magneto-hydrodynamic equations – electron plasma oscillations – plasma confinement in a

magnetic field – magneto-hydrodynamic waves – Alfven waves and magnetosonic waves.

Books for Study1.

Introduction to Electrodynamics – D.J. Griffiths, 2002, 3rd Ed, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.2.

Foundations of Electromagnetic Theory – J.R. Reitz, F.J. Milford and R.W.

Christy, 1986, 3rd Ed, Narosa Publication, New Delhi.3.

Classical Electrodynamics – J.D. Jackson, 1975, Wiley Eastern Ltd. New

Delhi.4.

Fundamentals of Plasma Physics – J.A. Bittencourt, 1988, Pergamon Press,

Oxford.


Classical Electricity and Magnetism – W. Panofsky and M. Phillips, 1962,

Addison Wesley, Lodon.2.

Electromagnetics with Applications – J.D. Kraus and D.A. Fleisch, 1999, 5th

Ed, WCB McGraw-Hill, New York.3.

Principles of Electrodynamics – B. Chakraborty, 2002, Books and Allied, Kolkata.4.

The Feynman Lectures on Physics – R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M. Sands, 1998, Vols. 2, Narosa, New Delhi.

Paper 13

Practical III

MICROPROCESSOR 8085 AND MICROCONTROLLER 8051



Record : 5 marks

TOTAL : 40 marks



Any TWELVE Experiments:

Microprocessor 8085

1. Addition and subtraction of 8 bit numbers

2. Addition and subtraction of 16 bit numbers

3. Multiplication of 8 and 16 bit numbers and division of 8 bit number.

4. Picking up the largest and smallest number in an array and sorting in ascending and descending order.

5. Sum of set of N data (8 bit numbers)

6. Square & square root of 8- & 16-bit numbers

7. Code conversion (8- & 16- bit numbers): a) binary to BCD

b) BCD to binary

8. Clock program – 12/24 hrs.

9. LED interface – single LED on/off, binary, BCD, ring and twisted ring counters

10. DAC 0800 interface & waveform generation

11. Hex keyboard interface

12. Interfacing of DC stepper motor – Clockwise, anti-clockwise, angular movement and

Wiper action

13. Interfacing of seven segment display – 8085 Microprocessor.

14. ADC 0809 interface

15. Traffic signal using 8085 Microprocessor.

14

Microcontroller 8051 Experiments:

1. Addition & subtraction

2. Multiplication & division

3. Sorting in ascending & descending order

4. LED interface

5. Stepper motor interface

6. Water level detector – 8051 Microcontroller

7. LIGHT activated morning ALARM using LDR Module

8. Temperature activated FIRE ALARM using temperature sensor LM35.

Paper 14

PRACTICAL IV

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS AND C PROGRAMMING



Record : 5 marks

TOTAL : 40 marks



Any EIGHT Experiments:

Determination of zeros of polynomials (Tables of Legendre, Laguerre, Hermite & Chebyshev polynomials should be provided during the Practical

examination)

Bisection method/Newton-Raphson method

1. Lagrange interpolation with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and output.

2. Newton forward interpolation with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and output.

3. Newton backward interpolation with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and output.

4. Curve-fitting: Least-squares fitting with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and output.

5. Numerical integration by the trapezoidal rule, with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and output.

6. Numerical integration by Simpson’s 1/3 rule, with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and output.

7. Numerical integration by Simpson’s 3/8 rule, with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and output.

8. Numerical solution of ordinary first-order differential equations by Simple Euler method, with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM and

output.

9. Numerical solution of ordinary first-order differential equations by Improved Euler method.

10. Numerical solution of ordinary first-order differential equations by Modified Euler method.

11. Numerical solution of ordinary first-order differential equations by the Runge–Kutta method II with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM

and output.

12. Numerical solution of ordinary first-order differential equations by the Runge–Kutta method IV with Algorithm, Flow-chart, C PROGRAM

and output.

Paper 15

MICROPROCESSOR 8086 AND MICROCONTROLLER 8051



Unit 1: 8086 Architecture and Instruction Set

8086 architecture – minimum mode, maximum mode – software model – segmentation – segmentation of address – pipe line processing – addressing

modes – instruction set – data transfer instructions– arithmetic, logic, shift, rotate instructions – flag control instructions – compare, jump instructions.

Unit 2: 8051 Microcontroller Hardware

15

Introduction – Features of 8051 – 8051 microcontroller hardware – pin configuration – internal RAM, internal ROM, register set of 8051 – memory

organization of 8051 – input/output pins, ports and circuits – external data memory and program memory: external program memory, external data

memory.

Unit 3: 8051 Instruction Set and Assembly Language Programming

Addressing modes – Data moving (data transfer) instructions: instructions to access external data memory, external ROM/program memory, PUSH and

POP instructions, Data exchange instructions – logical instructions: byte and bit level logical operations, rotate and swap operations – arithmetic

instructions: flags, incrementing and decrementing, addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, decimal arithmetic – jump and CALL instructions:

jump and call program range, jump, CALL and subroutines – programming (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of 8 bit numbers).

Unit 4: Interrupt Programming

8051 interrupts – interrupt vector table – enabling and disabling an interrupt – timer interrupts and programming – programming external hardware

interrupts – serial communication interrupts and programming – interrupt priority in the 8051: nested interrupts, software triggering of interrupt.

Unit 5: Interfacing to External World

Interfacing keyboard: Simple keyboard interface – interfacing displays: Interfacing seven segment LED displays– interfacing DAC to 8051 – interfacing

ADC to 8051 – interfacing sensors – interfacing stepper motor.

Books for Study1.

Microprocessors and Interfacing Programming and Hardware – Douglas V. Hall, Tata Mc Graw Hill. (Unit 1)2.

The 8086 /8088 Microprocessors – Programming, Software, Hardware and application – W.A. Triebel and Avatar Singh, Prentice Hall

of India, New Delhi. (Unit 2)3.

The 8051 Micro Controller Architecture, Programming and Applications – Kenneth J. Ayala, 3rd Ed, Penram International, (Unit 3)4.

Design with PIC Microcontrollers – John B. Peatman, 2004, 7th Indian reprint, Pearson Education. (Unit 4 & 5)5.

Microprocessors & Its Applications – A.P. Godse and D.A. Godse, Technical Publications, Pune.6.

Fundamentals of Microprocessor – 8086 Architecture, Programming (MASM) and Interfacing V. Vijayendran, 2002, Viswanathan,

Chennai.


Intel Microprocessors 8086/8088, 80186, 80286, 80486, 80486, Architecture, Programming and Interfacing – B. Brey, 1995. 2.

The 8086/8088 family Architecture, Programming and Design – Yu-Cheng and Glenn A. Gibson, Prentice-Hall of India.3.

The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems – Muhammed Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillespie Mazidi, 2004, Fourth Indian Reprint,

Pearson Education.4.

Introduction to Embedded Systems – Raj Kamal, 2002, TMS.

Paper 16

EDP 2

MATERIALS SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION



Unit 1: Nucleation and Growth Techniques

Concept of crystal growth – crystal growth theory – classical theory – Gibbs – Thomson equation– nucleation theories – growth techniques – solution

growth technique – gel growth technique – melt technique – Bridgman technique – Czochralski technique – vapour technique: physical vapour deposition

– chemical vapour deposition (CVD) – chemical vapour transport.

Unit 2: Thin Film Deposition Techniques

Thin films – introduction to vacuum technology – deposition techniques – physical methods – resistive heating, electron beam gun and laser gun

evaporation – sputtering: Reactive sputtering, radio frequency sputtering – chemical methods – spray pyrolysis – preparation of transparent conducting

oxides.

Unit 3: Nanocrystals

Synthesis of metal nano particles and structures – background on quantum semiconductors – background on reverse micellar solution – synthesis of

semiconductors – cadmium telluridenano crystals – cadmium sulfide nano crystals – silver sulfide nano crystals – nano manipulator – nano tweezes –

nanodots.

16

Unit 4: Nano Tubes

Types of nanotubes – formation of nanotubes – methods and reactants – arcing in the presence of cobalt – laser methods – ball milling – chemical vapor

deposition methods – properties of nano tubes – plasma arcing – electro deposition – pyrolytic synthesis – zeolites and templated powders layered

silicates.

Unit 5: Characterization Technique

X-ray diffraction (XRD) – power and single crystal – elemental dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX) – scanning electron microscopy (SEM) – transmission

electron microscopy (TEM) – Vickers micro hardness – Auger emission spectroscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrometer – AFM – dielectric

spectroscopy, TGA, DTA – SIMS – X-ray – photoemission spectroscopy (XPS).

Books for Study1.

Elementary Crystal Growth – K. Sangawal, Shan Publisher, UK, 1994. 2.

Crystal Growth and Processes – P. SanthanaRagavan, P. Ramasamy, KRU Publications. Kumbakonam, 2000.3.

Crystal Growth Process – J.C. Brice, John Wiley Publications, New York, 1996.4.

Hand Book of Thin Films Technology – L.I. Maissel and R. Clang, Mc Graw–Hill, 1970. 5.

Thin Films Process – J.L. Vossen and W. Kern, Academic Press, 1978. 6.

The Materials Science of Thin Films – M. Ohring, Academic Press, 1992. 7.

Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies – Mick Wilson, KamaliKannagara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons,

BurkhardRaguse, Overseas Press, 2005. 8.

Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Materials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications – A. Inoue, K. Hashimoto (Eds.), 2000. 9.

Introduction to Nanotechnology – Charles P. Poole, Frank J. Owens, Wiley – Interscience, 2003.10.

Instrumental Methods of Analysis – M. William and D. Steve, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 1986.

Paper 17

CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS



Unit 1: Crystal Physics

Types of lattices – Miller indices – symmetry elements and allowed rotations – simple crystal structures – atomic packing factor – crystal diffraction –

Bragg’s law – scattered wave amplitude – reciprocal lattice (sc, bcc, fcc) – diffraction conditions – Laue equations – Brillouin zone – structure factor –

atomic form factor – inert gas crystals – cohesive energy of ionic crystals – Madelung constant – types of crystal binding (general ideas).

Unit 2: Lattice Dynamics

Lattice with two atoms per primitive cell – first Brillouin zone – group and phase velocities – quantization of lattice vibrations – phonon momentum –

inelastic scattering by phonons – Debye’s theory of lattice heat capacity – thermal conductivity – Umkalapp processes.

Unit 3: Theory of Metals and Semiconductors

Free electron gas in three dimensions – electronic heat capacity – Wiedemann-Franz law – band theory of metals and semiconductors – Bloch theorem –

Kronig-Penney model – semiconductors – intrinsic carrier concentration – temperature dependence – mobility – impurity conductivity – impurity states –

Hall effect – Fermi surfaces and construction – experimental methods in Fermi surface studies – de Hass-van Alphen effect .

Unit 4: Magnetism

Diamagnetism – quantum theory of paramagnetism – rare earth ion – Hund’s rule – quenching of orbital angular momentum – adiabatic demagnetization

– quantum theory of ferromagnetism – Curie point – exchange integral – Heisenberg’s interpretation of Weiss field – ferromagnetic domains – Bloch wall

– spin waves – quantization – magnons – thermal excitation of magnons – Curie temperature and susceptibility of ferrimagnets – theory of

antiferomagnetism – Neel temperature.

Unit 5: Superconductivity

Experimental facts: Occurrence – effect of magnetic fields – Meissner effect – critical field – critical current – entropy and heat capacity – energy gap –

microwave and infrared properties – type i and ii superconductors.

Theoretical Explanation: Thermodynamics of super conducting transition – London equation – coherence length – isotope effect – Cooper pairs – BCS

theory – single particle tunneling – Josephson tunneling – DC and AC Josephson effects – high temperature superconductors – SQUIDS.

Books for Study

17

1.Introduction to Solid State Physics – C. Kittel, 1996, 7th Ed, Wiley, New York.

2.Elementary Solid State Physics – Principles and Applications – M. Ali Omar,

1974, Addison–Wesley. 3.

Introductory Solid State Physics – H.P. Myers, 1998, 2nd Ed, Viva Book, New

Delhi.


Solid State Physics – N.W. Aschroftand N. D. Mermin, Rhinehart and Winton, New York.2.

Solid State Physics – J. S. Blakemore, 1974, 2nd Ed, W.B. Saunder, Philadelphia3.

Solid State Physics – A. J. Dekker, Macmillan India, New Delhi.4.

The Solid State – H. M. Rosenburg, 1993, 3rd Ed, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

5.Solid State Physics – S.O. Pillai, 1997, New Age International, New Delhi.

6.Problems and Solutions in Solid State Physics – S.O. Pillai, 1994, New Age

International, New Delhi.7.

Band Theory of Metals – S.L. Altmann, Pergamon, Oxford.8.

Principles of the Theory of Solids – J. M. Ziman, 1971, CambridgeUniversity Press,

London.9.

Introduction to Superconductivity – C. Ross-Innes and E. H. Rhoderick, 1976,

Pergamon, Oxford.10.

Introduction to Superconductivity – M. Tinkham, McGraw-Hill, New York.11.

Elements of Solid State Physics – J. P. Srivastava, 2001, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi.

Paper 18

NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS



Unit 1: Nuclear Models

Liquid drop model – Bohr–Wheeler theory of fission – experimental evidence for shell effects – shell model – spin-orbit coupling – magic numbers –

angular momenta and parities of nuclear ground states – qualitative discussion and estimate of transition rates – magnetic moments and SCHMIDT lines –

collective model of Bohr and Mottelson.

Unit 2: Nuclear Interactions

nucleon-nucleon interaction – ground state of deutron – tensor forces – meson theory of nuclear forces – Yukawa potential – nucleon–nucleon scattering –

effective range theory – spin dependence of nuclear forces – charge independence and charge symmetry of nuclear forces – isospin formalism.

Unit 3: Nuclear Reactions

Types of reactions and conservation laws – energetics of nuclear reactions – dynamics of nuclear reactions – Q-value equation – scattering and reaction

cross sections – compound nucleus reactions – direct reactions – resonance scattering – Breit–Wigner one level formula.

Unit 4: Nuclear Decay

Beta decay – Fermi theory of beta decay – shape of the beta spectrum – total decay rate – mass of the neutrino – angular momentum and parity selection

rules – allowed and forbidden decays – comparative half-lives – neutrino physics – non-conservation of parity – gamma decay – multipole transitions in

nuclei – angular momentum and parity selection rules – internal conversion – nuclear isomerism.

Unit 5: Elementary Particle Physics

Classification of elementary particles – types of interaction between elementary particles – hadrons and leptons – symmetries and conservation laws –

elementary ideas of CP and CPT invariance – classification of hadrons – SU(2) and SU(3) multiplets – Quark model – Gell–Mann–Okubo mass formula

for octet and decuplet hadrons – Charm, bottom and top quarks.

Books for Study1.

Introductory Nuclear Physics – K.S. Krane, 1987, Wiley, New York.

18

2.Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics – D. Griffiths, 1987, Harper & Row.

3.Nuclear Physics – R.R. Roy and B.P. Nigam, 1983, New age Intl. New Delhi.

4.Introduction to High energy Physics – D.H Perkins, Cambridge University Press, 4th Ed, 2000.


Introduction to Nuclear Physics – H.A. Enge, 1983, Addison-Wesley, Tokyo.2.

Introductory Nuclear, Physics – Y.R. Waghmare, 1981, Oxford-IBH, New Delhi.3.

Atomic and Nuclear Physics – Ghoshal, Vol. 2.4.

Elementary Particles J. M. Longo, 1971, McGraw-Hill, New York.5.

Atomic Nucleus – R. D. Evans, 1955, McGraw-Hill, New York.6.

Nuclear Physics – I. Kaplan, 1989, Narosa, New Delhi.

Paper 19

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS AND C PROGRAMMING



Unit 1: Solutions of Equations

Determination of zeros of polynomials – roots of nonlinear algebraic equations and transcendental equations – Bisection and Newton–Raphson methods –

convergence of solutions.

Unit 2: Linear Systems

Solution of simultaneous linear equations – Gaussian elimination – matrix inversion – Eigen values and Eigen vectors of matrices – power and Jacobi

methods.

Unit 3: Interpolation and Curve Fitting

Interpolation with equally spaced and unevenly spaced points (Newton forward and backward interpolations, Lagrange interpolation) – curve fitting –

polynomial least – squares fitting.

Unit 4: Differentiation, Integration and Solution of Differential Equations

Numerical differentiation – numerical integration – Trapezoidal rule – Simpon’s rule – error estimates – Gauss–Legendre, Gauss–Laguerre, Gauss–

Hermite and Gauss–Chebyshevquadratures – numerical solution of ordinary differential equations – Euler and RungeKutta methods.

Unit 5: Programming with FORTRAN/C

Flow-charts – integer and floating point arithmetic expressions – built-in functions – executable and non-executable statements – subroutines and functions

– programs for the following computational methods: (a) Lagrange interpolation, (b) Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules, (c) solution of first order

differential equations by Euler’s method, (d) Newton forward and backward interpolation, (c) fitting a straight line.

Books for Study1.

Computer Oriented Numerical Methods – V. Rajaraman, 1993, 3rd Ed. PHI, New Delhi.2.

Numerical Methods for Scientific and Engineering Computation – M. K .Jain, S. R. Iyengar and R. K. Jain, 1995, 3rd Ed, New Age Intl.,

New Delhi.3.

Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis S. S. Sastry, PHI, New Delhi.4.

Numerical Analysis – F. Scheid, 1998, 2nd Ed, Schaum’s series, McGraw Hill, New York.5.

Numerical Recipes in FORTRAN – W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling and B.P. Flannery, 1992, 2nd Ed, Cambridge Univ. Press.6.

Numerical Recipes in C – W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling and B.P. Flannery, 1992, 2nd Ed, Cambridge Univ. Press.7.

Programming in FORTRAN/Programming in C – V. Rajaraman, PHI, New Delhi.8.

Numerical Methods – E. Balagurusamy, 1998, TMH.


Elementary Numerical Analysis – an Algorithmic Approach – S.D. Conte and C. de Boor, 1981, 3rd Ed, McGraw Hill.2.

Applied Numerical Analysis – B. F. Gerald, and P. O. Wheatley, 1994, 5th Ed., Addison-Wesley, MA.3.

Applied Numerical Methods – B. Carnagan, H. A. Luther and J. O. Wilkes, 1969, Wiley, New York.4.

Numerical Methods and Computers – S.S. Kuo, 1996, Addison-Wesley.

19

Paper 20

PROJECT

Internal assessment: 2 out of 3 presentations : 40 marks

External marks: Viva : 10 marks

Project report : 50 marks

TOTAL : 100 marks

· Web viewScalar field, vector field, gradient, divergence, curl, Laplacian, – expression for...

Documents

Transcript of · Web viewScalar field, vector field, gradient, divergence, curl, Laplacian, – expression for...