Review for Test : Microbiology and Diseases Name ________________________

1) A medicine you receive early in life (before you are sick) to trigger the body to produce antibodies is called a___vaccine_____. They help prevent diseases.2) Infectious disease are spread from one organisms to another. A ___vector____ is an organism usually an insect which carries disease in its salvia and when they bite the victim they deposit the microorganism in the bloodstream. Example )The anopheles mosquito carries the plasmodium that causes malaria. When it bites people, it deposits the plasmodium into your bloodstream.

3) Bacteria are single celled organisms and can reproduce by binary fission and ___conjugation____. In binary fission an exact copy of the parent DNA is made. In the other, each parent donates half the DNA so the new bacteria cell is a unique organism.4) A bacteria cell is a ____prokaryote_____ because the genetic material, DNA, is found floating in the cytoplasm. It is not contained in an organized nucleus.

5) Bacteria cells can reproduce very quickly by binary fission. This is _asexual____ reproduction because the genetic material is just copied from the parent and given to daughter cell. This

6) Bacterial infections are treated with __antibiotics__, chemicals used to kill only bacterial cells. Overuse of antibiotics can lead to bacteria becoming antibiotic resistant__.

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7) Protists and Fungi have a cell membrane, a nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, golgi body, small vacuole and lysosomes. It would be classified as a ___Eukaryotic_______

8) The genetic material of this nonliving structure only functions when it is inside a living cell where it takes over the DNA or RNA to start “Xeroxing” itself to take over and destroy the cell. What microbe is it describing? _virus_____

9) In the diagram to the right, on the outer surface “the knobs” act as key to open specific cells so the virus can enter. This is called the __protein__ coat.

10) This single celled organism has very simple organelles—a cell wall, cytoplasm, & mitochondria. It does not have a nucleus so it is classified as a prokaryote. Its genetic material is floating in the cytoplasm. _bacteria___________

11) _Infectious_____ disease are considered contagious and are caused by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, protists and fungi.

Is it A) Infectious/ communicable B) Non infectious/ noncommunicable_B______12) Your friends plays in the woods and gets bitten by a tick. He gets Rocky Mountain spotted fever_B______13) You eat sushi that has is raw. You end up with food poisoning caused by the bacteria botulinum._B______14) Your friend’s mom is diagnosed with cancer. _B______15) Your neighbor has a baby born with a cystic fibrosis.________16) List the four ways diseases can be spread.

Infected PeopleInfected AnimalsContaminated ObjectSoil, Food, and Water

Word Bank

ActiveAgricultureAntibioticsAntibiotic ResistantAntibodiesAssexualBacteriaEukaryoteHostInfectiousGenetically Modified organismsLivingnoninfectiousPassiveProkaryoteProteinWorldwideVirusConjugationPassiveProkaryoteReproduceVaccineVector

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Review for Test : Microbiology and Diseases Name ________________________

17) ___Active______ Immunity is when the body produces antibodies to help protect it from pathogens. This occurs naturally when the body becomes sick or when an individual is given a vaccine for the pathogen.

18) Our immune system produces proteins called ___antibodies_____ which help to identify pathogens by binding to their antigens. They are also very pathogen specific.

19) Bacterial infections are treated with __antibiotics________. Today certain bacteria have the genetic trait which allows them to not be effected by these drugs. This is called __antibiotic rresistance.

22. Use the diagram to choose the best answer to the question: What describes the role of the infected mosquito?

A. Carrier B. mutagen C. parasite D. vector

23. Pandemics and Epidemics are both outbreaks of disease in which a large number of people are infected. The major difference between them is that pandemics are outbreaks that occur ___Worldwide____ and epidemics occur in specific regions of the world. Outbreaks can be prevented with the help of ___Vaccines?___.

25. Viruses and parasites are similar in that they both infect a __host__. Viruses need a cell to reproduce and a parasite uses hosts to provide them food, and energy.

Vocabulary

AntibioticAntibiotic resistanceAntibodyBacteriabiotechnology

EpidemicInfectious DiseasePandemicProtistProkaryote

VaccineVectorVirus

Infected mosquito ---- bites and infects -- uninfected human

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