· Web view5Pauline Weaver, holder of an (unconfirmed) grant of land in San Gorgonio Pass, lost...

PART 1, CHAPTER 1

"PERIOD OF NEW SPAIN" Hunt-Sanchez, Short History of California (New York, 1929), pp. 30-40; Irving Stone, Men to Match My Mountains (Garden City, New York, 1956), p. 13 . . . quoting from a 1510 fantasy by Ardonez de Montalvo credited with giving California its name, after their Amazonian queen, Calafia.

2Hildegarde Hawthorne, California Missions (New York, 1942), pp. 6-11.

3Ibid. p. 5; J. N. Guinn, Southern Coast Counties (Chicago, 1907), p. 97.

4Joseph Jacinto Mora, Californios (New York, 1942): Illustration, p. 25.

5Earle Crowe, Men of El Tejon (Los Angeles, 1957), p. 20, p. 31. Some of the escaped soldiers remained at large; Fray Garces learned of one living among El Tejon Indians four years later.

6". . . wild roots, herbs, nuts, field mice, worms, lizards, grasshoppers and other insects, birds, fish, small game . . ." A quote from Pedro Font's Diary on the Second Anza Expedition of 1775, Robert Glass Cleland, From Wilderness to Empire (New York, 1944), p. 87.

7Elliott Coues, On the Trail of a Spanish Pioneer (New York, 1900); Diary and Itinerary of Francisco Tomas Hermenegilde Garces, p. 232.

8Ibid. p. 243.

9Ibid. pp. 246-247: i.e., "the Santa Ana River and our valley."

10Gauchamas in the valley, Serranos on the foothills and mountains, Cahuillas and Chemehueves in and beyond San Gorgonio Pass, Mojaves and some Paiutes on the high desert from Cajon to the Colorado River: Father Juan Caballeria, History of the San Bernardino Valley (San Bernardino, 1902), p. 56.

11Hildegarde Hawthorne, California Missions, p. 69.

12George W. Beattie, historian, obtained from Spain a translation of Father Esteban Tapis' 1809-1810 San Gabriel report: San Bernardino Sun, March 21, 1930. Also Charles E. Chapman, History of California - Spanish Period (New York, 1922), p. 427.

13Ibid. p. 429 - per Father Luiz Martinez.

14Caballeria, History of San Bernardino Valley, p. 39. (Hipolito's corral, "Politana," was below present Bunker Hill.)

15Ibid. p. 40.

16Joseph Jacinto Mora, Californios, p. 40, pp. 47-52.

17W. W. Robinson, "The Story of San Bernardino County" (pamphlet - Pioneer Title, San Bernardino, California, 1958), p. 10; also Burr Belden, "History in the Making," Sun Telegram, May 6, 1951, likewise from the Zalvidea report.

18Maybe Moraga again: per Chapman, History of California - Spanish Period, p. 433. He pursued them to the Colorado with forty-five soldiers and two cannon in November, 1819.

PART 1, CHAPTER 2

"MEXICAN FEDERAL REPUBLIC"

Desert Magazine, March, 1964, p. 39: Mason and Bean, "Diary of Brevet Captain Jose Romero," who lost a packtrain and 376 mares in an attempt to go out San Gorgonio Pass in December, 1823.

2David Mark, "New Chapel for San Gabriel," Westways, p. 28, Vol. 50, No. 3, March, 1958.

3Maurice S. Sullivan, Travels of Jedediah Smith (A Documentary Outline, including the Journal of the Great American Pathfinder) (Santa Ana, California, 1934), p. 14, note 25: Harrison Rogers, clerk; Hanna, McCoy, Lazarus, Gaither, Ferguson, Read, Wilson, Black, Goebel, Reubescon, Evans, Pombert, La Plante and Ranne.

4Robert Glass Cleland, History of California (New York, 1927), p. 48; (from Rogers' Journal of the expedition).

5Robert Glass Cleland, This Reckless Breed of Men (New York, 1927), p. 17: Beside food staples each man required a gun, 100 flints, 25 lbs. of gunpowder and 100 lbs. of lead; also 4-6 metal traps.

6Ibid. pp. 75-78.

7 . . . including 64 yards of cloth out of which they made new shirts. Maurice S. Sullivan, Jedediah Smith, Trader and Trailbreaker (New York, 1936), p. 83.

8San Bernardino Sun, September 7, 1926: Maurice S. Sullivan extraction of Harrison Rogers Diary.

9 . . . "the Stanislaus," per research of the Sierra Club. Francis C. Farquahar, Sierra Club Bulletin, Vol. 28, No. 3, June, 1943.

10Maurice S. Sullivan, Travels of Jedediah Smith, p. 34.

11The Pattie-Young party, Smith learned, had killed an Indian chief over a requested tribute of horses. Hafen and Hafen, Old Spanish Trail, pp. 122-125; also R. G. Thwaite, Pattie Narrative, pp. 133-135.

12Sullivan, Travels of Jedediah Smith, p. 34. Virgin and Galbraith remained two Mojaves.

13Ibid. p. 35. The Indian was freed.

14Ibid. p. 40; also Cleland, Reckless Breed of Men, p. 120.

15Cleland, Reckless Breed, p. 120.

16Hubert Howe Bancroft, History of California (San Francisco, 1886), Hebberd reprint. Vol. III, Chap. 3, p. 51.

17Ibid. Vol. III, Chap. 6, p. 177.

18James Ohio Pattie and father entered via the Gila Route and were imprisoned; per Cleland, $20,000 worth of furs were taken from them.

19Cleland, Reckless Breed, p. 264. "History has not yet positively identified the trader . . ."

20Ibid. pp. 226-230. Most quotes are from Kit Carson's Autobiography.

21Ibid. p. 230.

22Ibid. pp. 264-269; also Huntington Library Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 1. Per Hafen and Hafen, Old Spanish Trail, pp. 159-164, Rafael Rivera, who had been in California before, was their guide.

23Bancroft, History of California, Vol. III, Chap. 14, p. 386.

24Cleland, Reckless Breed, p. 234.

25The next near, bringing "pack mules of pesos," Ewing Young and a partner did realize their horse-buying plan, but they came and went by a southerly route. Cleland, History of California, p. 85. Hafen and Hafen, Old Spanish Trail, p. 139.

26Probably Antonio San Estevan, mentioned in Los Angeles Department of State papers, April, 1831. Bancroft, History, Vol. III, Chap. 14, p. 395.

27George W. and Helen Pruitt Beattie, Heritage of the Valley (Pasadena, 1939), p. 27, Iris Higbee Wilson, William Wolfskill (Glendale, 1965), pp. 84-85.

28Bancroft, History of California, Vol. III, Chap. 6, p. 72, says a trip for newly-maimed "Pegleg" Smith in 1829 was verified only by a story in the San Francisco Bulletin the week of his death in 1866. Horace Bell, Reminiscences of a Ranger (Santa Barbara, 1927), has a

Pegleg interview, p. 290. Hafen and Hafen, Old Spanish Trail, pp. 135-136, p. 230, unearthed a tale that Pegleg and another trapper had been sent in from the Virgin River to dispose of a lush 1829 fur catch, and eventually went out with 400 horses. Iris Higbee Wilson, pp. 66-67 of her Wolfskill biography, lists Wolfskill's trappers and they do not include Thomas L. Smith. It could be that Thomas L. Smith was with the earlier branch of the Ewing Young men who came in to Los Angeles and went north; he had trapped the Gila Route with them, p. 50.

29Bancroft, History, Vol. III, Chap. 14, p. 396, footnote. Hafen and Hafen, Old Spanish Trail, p. 179.

30Eleanor Lawrence, "On the Old Spanish Trail," Touring Topics, Vol. XXII, No. 11, p. 36 (November, 1930).

31Bancroft, History, Chap. 14, p. 395.

32Caballeria, History of San Bernardino Valley, p. 67; del Carmen Lugo in La Vida Un Ranchero (translated in April, 1930, by Nellie Van de Grift Sanchez) said their new buildings were "higher up on Barton Hill."

33Caballeria, History of San Bernardino Valley, p. 76.

34Ibid. According to Daniel Sexton who came later and married into the Cahuilla tribe, he was whipped.

35Ibid. p. 70. August 17, 1833, though not enforced for a year.

36Hawthorne, California Missions, Chap. 5, pp. 62-72; Caballeria, p. 74.

37Paul Bailey, Walkara, Hawk of the Mountains (Westernlore Press, Los Angeles, 1954), p. 33.

38Ibid. p. 35; Bailey's fictional account, Claws of the Hawk (Los Angeles, 1966), p. 66, added the "lure of mares, brought down from Bridgers'."

39Ibid. p. 36; also Bancroft History, Vol. III, Chap. 22; Dept. of State papers, May 14, 1840.

40George D. Brewerton, Overland with Kit Carson (New York, 1930), p. 70. From tales he had heard, Kit Carson credited mountain-men with the whole plot. He specified Bill Williams. David Lavender, Bent's Fort (Doubleday, 1954), p. 154, p. 230, names some of the fifteen Americans who left Brown's Hole for the raiding adventure. Hafen, Old Spanish Trail reference, pp. 236-241. A Joseph J. Hill biography of "Bill Williams, Free Trapper," Touring Topics, Vol. XXII, No. 3 (March 1930), quotes Bill Williams, himself, as saying the Indians took all the horses, letting him walk back to Taos. (Bents had a similar tale for when he returned from the 1833-34 trip to California with Joseph Reddeford Walker.)

41Horace D. Bell, Reminiscences of a Ranger, p. 290.

42Eleanor Lawrence, "Horse Thieves on the Spanish Trail," Touring Topics, Vol. XXIII, No. 1 (January, 1931).

43Bailey, Walkara, p. 16; Thomas L. Kane in a lecture at Salt Lake reported the suit a gift from Jim Bridger, Journal of Church History (Latter Day Saints), March 26, 1850.

44Bailey, Walkara, p. 38.

45Bancroft, History (old edition), Vol. XXII, p. 742. Documented with letters and dates.

PART 1, CHAPTER 3

"CALIFORNIA LAND GRANT PERIOD" Beattie, Heritage of the Valley, p. 122; p. 39. In the interior Yorba had been granted Santa Ana de Santiago in 1801; Antonio Maria Lugo had received San Antonio Rancho (Compton), 1810; a Yorba son-in-law received La Serrano in 1817.

2Beattie, Heritage of the Valley, Illustration, pp. 6-7.

3Logs were placed on the chopped-out crotch of a large tree and pulled by oxen. Beattie, Heritage, p. 46; Jensen, Thos. V. Patterson, Landmarks of Riverside (Press-Enterprise, 1964), p. 23.

4Per Bancroft, Vol. IV, pp. 278-279. There were 134 people beside the caravan, including a party of American naturalists.

5 . . . who wed Dona Ramona Yorba and built a house with foothill timber on part of the Jurupa Rancho, likewise a two-story house on the Rincon Rancho four years later, the now-famous Cota House. Beattie, Heritage, p. 46.

6Brown and Boyd, History of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties (Chicago, 1922), Vol. I, pp. 683-684; WPA Writers, The Old West, Pioneer Tales of San Bernardino County (San Bernardino, 1940), p. 45.

7Tom Hughes, History of Banning (Banning, 1938), p. 4. In Edgar Canyon, north of Beaumont.

8W. D. Frazee, Climate and Resources of San Bernardino County (San Bernardino, 1876), p. 26. He said the Indians asked him if we had no "feast days." To show them he concocted a red-white-and-blue flag and saluted it with blasting powder. Also regaled them with grape brandy. (Banning Sentinel Editor, 1900.)

9The Agua Caliente Rancho, "from the sierra del Yucaipe to the Cerrito Sola and the

arroyo de Cajon, from the Lomerias to the falda de la Sierra." Deed. #A89.

10Jose del Carmen Lugo, La Vida un Ranchero, p 7. L. Burr Belden, History in the Making, Sun Telegram, June 17, 1952, names the 27 colonists.

11Names per 1857 Mortgage of Maria Arminta in San Timoteo Canyon.

12Caballeria, History, p. 113.

13Bancroft, Vol. VI, p. 122. Department of State papers.

14West of the mouth of Cable Canyon, along the north border of Muscupiabe Rancho, per informants of Historian Beattie. Beattie, Heritage, pp. 58-59.

15Paul Bailey, Walkara, p. 44; Caballeria, History, p. 103. "nearly every full moon." del Carmen Lugo called them "chagunosos."

16Cleland, History of California (New York, 1927), pp. 99-100, The American Period.

17Ibid. pp. 156-157; J. N. Guinn, Southern Coast Counties (Chicago, 1907), p. 109.

18Cleland, History of California, American Period, p. 138. According to Fremont's narrative of the trip (published in Washington, D.C., 1844) he had been in Cajon April 18, 1844.

19Bancroft, History, Vol. VI, p. 115.

20James Waters Sketch, Brown and Boyd, History of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties (Chicago, 1922), Vol. II, p. 676. Arthur Woodward, "Trapper Jim Waters," Los Angeles Corral of Westerners 1954, p. 9.

21Beattie, Heritage, p. 65. Pegleg made no raids after statehood.

22Benjamin Wilson Narrative, as told in Big Bear Panorama, p. 18.

23Adaptations of accounts in Caballeria and Jo Mora's Californios.

24Cleland, This Reckless Breed, p. 41.

25Beattie, Heritage, pp. 64-65.

26Caballeria, p. 94; Bancroft, Vol. XXII, p. 37. Minutes of Assembly, March 13, 1846.

27Irving Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, p. 62. Vallejo letter to Mexico City.

28Ibid. p. 64.

29Ibid. p. 65. . . . of the Golden Bear Flag of the Independents. (About the middle of May, Courier Gillespie had brought Fremont a letter from President Polk. Cleland, History,

American Period, p. 198.)

30Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, p. 74.

31Ibid. p. 75; Cleland, History, American Period, p. 207; known by the fleet at Mazatlan May 17, 1846; in California August 12, 1846.

32Jose del Carmen Lugo story, Los Angeles Vida Un Ranchero, pp. 11-12.

33Arthur Woodward, "The Lances of San Pasqual," Historical Society Quarterly, Vol. XXV, No. 4, December, 1946; Vol. XXVI, No. 1, March, 1947; pp. 32-37.

PART 1, CHAPTER 3

"CALIFORNIA ANNEXATION"

. . . for which the Mormons received $100, per Standage's Journal, Burr Belden, History in the Making, Sun Telegram, July 29, 1951.

2John H. Evans, Charles Coulson Rich (New York, 1936), p. 201.

3Annaleone Patton, By Sail and Trail, p. 51. (All other biographers route him by Donner Pass with the Battalion, who reached Salt Lake in October.) Brigham Young had arrived in Salt Lake July 24th.

4Leroy R. Hafen and Ann W. Hafen, Journals of the Forty-Niners (Glendale, California, 1954), p. 25. Quoting from one of the sons, John Hunt.

5Ibid. p. 22.

6Evans, Chas. Coulson Rich, p. 180.

7Hafen and Hafen, Journals of Forty-Niners, p. 26.

8Anna Patton (and many Mormons) credit them with finding and testing the nuggets which Marshall took down to Sutter. By Sail and Trail, pp. 42-43.

9Patton, By Sail and Trail, pp. 51-56.

10George W. Brewerton, Overland with Kit Carson (New York, 1930), p. 54.

11Ibid. p. 54.

12Francisco Estevan Vigil's train, the last of a nearly twenty-year exchange between the two Spanish-rooted territories. Brewerton must have been ahead of the Mormon Battalion men with the wagon.

13Gwinn Harris Heap, Central Route to the Pacific (Glendale, 1957), p. 19.

14Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, p. 116; Patton, By Sail and Trail, p. 46.

15O. O. Winther, Express and Stage Coach Days in California (Palo Alto, 1936); tables, p. 8.


17Woodward, "Trapper Jim Waters," p. 11; he had just parted trails with John Brown, Rube Herring, Alex Godey, et al. Hafen and Hafen, Journals of Forty-Niners, p. 49, of the Chino Registration Book.

18Hafen and Hafen, Journals, James Brown Diary, p. 113.

19Ibid. p. 31.

20Ibid. Henry Bigler's Diary, p. 142; Evans, Chas. Coulson Rich, pp. 180-193.

21Journals of Forty-Niners, Pratt, p. 75.

22Ibid. p. 35; also Farrer Diary, p. 198; another tale says Walkara had drawn him a map in the wash sand, which he copied. Other writers call this the "Williams Cut-off" for the man who guided Joseph Reddeford Walker in 1833-1834. No historian claims his return was different from the Owens-Humboldt route he came, but legend does.

23Hafen and Hafen, Journals of Forty-Niners, Bigler Diary, p. 150.

24Ibid. James Brown Diary, p. 119; Evans, Chas. Coulson Rich, p. 185.

25Hafen and Hafen, Journals, Bigler Diary, p. 163.

26Ibid. p. 155.

27Ibid. Addison Pratt Diary, p. 96.

28Ibid. p. 101.

29Ibid. Bigler Diary, p. 171.

30Ibid. Rollins Recollection, p. 267.

31Ibid. Gruwell Memoirs (collected by Bancroft, 1887), Hafen Journals, p. 55; Farrer Diary, p. 21; Pratt, p. 100 and p. 107.

32Ibid. Pratt Diary, p. 106.

33Ibid. Sidney Waite Sketch, p. 129 (from Brown and Boyd, History of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, Vol. III, pp. 284-285.

34Ibid. Pratt Diary, p. 107.

35August Waite, whose wife was the daughter of James Beckwourth and may have been a friend of Viejo Slover, Agua Mansa resident.

36He used some rope, too, getting the wagons over the Virgin-Muddy divide. Hafen and Hafen, Journals, p. 313.

37Hafen and Hafen, Journals, George Q. Cannon Narrative, pp. 250-251; Egan Diary, p. 311, December 2, 1849. After "eating mule meat 16 days," Smith had decided to face East and save his life. (He did not tell the 85 people he had urged into Death Valley.) Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, p. 140.

38January 21, 1850. Hafen and Hafen, Journals, p. 297. David Seely sketch.

39Hafen and Hafen, Journals, Bigler Diary, p. 175, entry for December 18, 1849.


41Patton, By Sail and Trail, p. 116.

42Pioneer Notes from the Diaries of Judge Benjamin Hayes (Los Angeles, 1929), p. 54. Approximately January 17, 1850, at Warners'.

43Benjamin Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 67; newspaper man Horace Bell ("Reminiscences of a Ranger," p. 299), also speaks of "corps of Mexican assistants and villages of Indian vassals."

44Later evidence points to the mine as in Arrastre Canyon, Lone Valley.

45This Sanford Road is located by desert historians as up across the Phelan dump. The wagon-trace is visible from the air, almost under the modern Boulder Highline. Interview with Jean Goldbrandsen, Victorville artist and on-the-ground researcher.

46Beattie, Heritage of the Valley, pp. 173-174.

47At the time Walkara was occupied with trying to be a good brother to the Mormons, and could not see why he was not accorded the honor of a white wife. Bailey, Walkara, Hawk of the Mountains, p. 119.

48 . . . as Camp Cajon was known.

49 . . . but not conviction. A full account of the trial is given by Judge Benjamin Hayes who tried it, and got shot at. Hayes, Pioneer Notes, pp. 75-81. Also W. W. Robinson pamphlet, People vs. Lugo (Dawson, Los Angeles, 1962).

PART 1, CHAPTER 4

"STATEHOOD" Sonorans, accustomed to arrastre work, were more successful in dry places than Americans.


3O. O. Winther, Express and Stage Coach Days (Stanford Press, 1936), p. 35.

4Cleland, Transportation (New York, 1944), p. 280. $2.00 cattle @ $16.00; $4.00 cattle @ $75.00. Carey McWilliams, Southern California Country (Los Angeles, 1954), p. 62.


6Ibid. p. 200. (Beattie has seen the letter.)

7Ibid. p. 204.

8 . . . who used ten teams of oxen.

9A composite of Rich, Addison Pratt, and pioneer memories.

10The stone Monument on Highway 138 marks their line of descent, above; the Camp Cajon monument, their 49er memories as they passed Coyote Canyon.

11After 75 days of travel, 769 miles, privation, but little loss of stock and no loss of life.

PART 2, CHAPTER 1

"MORMAN SETTLEMENT"

W. W. Robinson, People versus Lugo (pamphlet, Los Angeles, 1962).

2Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 75, San Timoteo Canyon; Old Lugo in La Vida un Ranchero says, "on an old logging road near Ukipe," p. 19. Frank Ramirez, Maria Arminta's grandson, said in July, 1929, Sun, "on the Frank Mulvihill Ranch."

3Lugo, La Vida un Ranchero, p. 20.

4Eighteen leagues were mentioned. Fine print in Spanish, in regard to choosing eight leagues from it, were learned when verifying title.

5Pauline Weaver, holder of an (unconfirmed) grant of land in San Gorgonio Pass, lost

sixty horses and brought word.

6Another part of the peace was a parley at Chino Ranch at which Isaac Williams gave the Indians $3000 worth of supplies. The U.S. Indian Agent did not attend. Los Angeles Star Weekly, March 1, 1856.

7Robert Glass Cleland, Transportation, p. 360.

8"Aliso" is Spanish for sycamore; a mighty specimen grew at Vignes' home, hence the nickname.

9Daniel Sexton at Vignes Mill, December 26, 1852, attested by Benjamin Wilson while Indian Agent; also Boyd and Brown, History, Vol. I, p. 16.

10W. D. Frazee, Climate and Resources of San Bernardino County, p. 26; water disputes concerning the zanja occasioned Sexton testimony. Elliot and Company, History of San Bernardino County, p. ___ (San Francisco, 1883).

11A Mormon teamster who moved up from Chino.

12Lyman letter of May 18, 1852, H. E. Raupt, Growth of a Pass-Site City (U. of California, 1938), p. 22. (From the Journal of Church History at Salt Lake.)

13George W. Beattie, Collection, Lyman letter of July 20, 1852, published in Deseret News of September 4, 1852.

14Nancy Hunt Daley affirmed the location. Semi-Centennial Edition of the San Bernardino Sun, May, 1897.

15Raupt, Growth of a Pass-Site City, p. 23, quotes the Los Angeles Star of August 7, 1852: "the steam sawmill will be put in operation next week. Prices will be $50 per thousand, taken at the pit."

16Beattie, Heritage, p. 205. Quoting from Hopkins' Church Journal of November 7th and 8th, 1852.

17Harris Newmark, Sixty Years in Southern California (Cambridge, 1930), p. 350, interpreted by Beattie, Heritage, pp. 194-195.

18Caballeria, History of San Bernardino Valley, p. 105; La Estrella de Los Angeles, correspondent, December 5, 1852.

19Raupt, A Pass-Site City; per the February 6, 1853, La Estrella de Los Angeles, the cost in San Francisco was $4,000.

20Photostat of Hazen Kimball Possessory Claim Application: Possessory Book A3, San Bernardino County Hall of Records.

21Mortgage book 1, p. 1. (Fully paid off, December, 1855.)

22Beattie, Heritage, p. 209. Gives a graphic description furnished by David Seely himself or by David Randolph Seely at the Native Son dedication of the Seely Mill historical plaque. San Bernardino Daily Sun, July 31, 1936.

23Talmadge Annals (unpublished manuscript compiled by W. B. Coombs, April, 1937). The John Talmadge copy and many pictures were loaned to me by his daughter, Bernice Gray, Victorville.

24del Carmen Lugo said in La Vida un Ranchero, p. 27, that even in Mission Days, Indians were allowed to go to the mountains for their customary foods.

PART 2, CHAPTER 2

"MORMAN LUMBERING & TRADE" In the flat now occupied by Gregory Village, directly behind Goodwin's Market.

2Beattie, Heritage, p. 222. (per Byron Waters' "Mountain Manuscript.")

3A "salamander." Ralph Andrews, This Was Sawmilling, p. 19.

4A Mississippian who, with negro servants, operated the principal San Bernardino tavern. Benjamin Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 104, February 21, 1854.

5Albert R. Lyman, Francis Marion Lyman Biography (Delta, Utah, 1958), p. 7. The Mormon leader's eldest son spoke always of "Uncle David Frederick" as he did of "Uncle Sidney Tanner," his mother's brother.

6Grades of 22% to 41% were later recorded by Historian Beattie and City Engineer Howard Way. Beattie, Heritage, p. 197. D. R. Seely spoke (as nobody else has) of horsemen with lassos that they pulled for holdbacks.

7Bettie, Collection, (County Library). Amasa Lyman letter.

8O. O. Winther, Express and Stage Coach Days in California, p. 35, table.

9Guinn Harris Heap, Central Route to the Pacific, p. 20, p. 296.

10Per the order of Jefferson Davis, U.S. Secretary of War, 1853.

11Beattie, Heritage, pp. 214-215. Barley and beef, flour, fish and butter.

12Tom Hughes, History of Banning, p. 7. Blake writes of Pauline Weaver's half-ruined adobe house near the summit of San Gorgonio Pass, also his fruit trees. So also Boyd

and Brown, History, Vol. I, p. 32.

13Probably the Crismon portable.

14Bettie, Heritage, p. 195. From Amass Layman’s Diary. Both F. Marion Layman, who drove teams there at age 15 (Francis Marion Layman biography), and Joseph Rich (Ezra Pulse, Versatile Pioneer, Salt Lake, 1958, p. 34), verified work done there, at least in 1855.

15Ibid. Location of Mormon Mill in Mill Creek Canyon near Forest Home.

16Mrs. Elias P. (Robbins) Crafts, Pioneer Days in San Bernardino Valley (Redlands, 1906), p. 16.

17According to Frank Ramirez (San Bernardino Daily Sun, July 20, 1929), "Uncle Jose Bermudas" operated a Mill Creek Sawmill in California times.

18Agreement Book A, p. 20. According to Chas. Coulsen Rich biography, p. 220, the Mormons drew $36,000 for fencing Chino lands; young Francis Lyman's diary says they were "unable to fill the contract," p. 26.

19Compare Lease A5, September 18, 1856, and Note 64, this section.

20Beattie, Heritage, p. 215. Again from the Amasa Lyman Diary.

21Cleland, Transportation, p. 209.

22Burr Belden, History in the Making, San Bernardino Sun, September 18, 1960. $25,000 more was provided for the road from San Pedro to the California state line.

23Beattie, Heritage, p. 209.

24An October letter of Judge Hayes in the Southern Californian speaks of 700 buildings erected in Los Angeles in the preceding four Mojaves. Harris Newmark, p. 88, in My Sixty Years, says all Los Angeles lumber needs, as well as eggs, butter and flour, are supplied from San Bernardino.

25Beattie, Heritage, pp. 209-211; D. R. Seely Memoirs, San Bernardino Daily Sun, July 31, 1936.

26Mortgage Book A, p. 2 and p. 17.

27Per David Randolph Seely, San Bernardino Daily Sun, July 31, 1936.

28By date in the Possessory Claim book, he both filed and recorded on February 2, 1855 (A7).

29The Southern Californian, October, 1854.

30Deed A30 @ $6,000, November, 1854.

31Memoirs of Jeff Daley, a grandson. Cf. memories of Huldah James, Note 2, Change of Pioneers period.

32Raymond Holt, "The Mountain They Put in Sacks," Westways, Vol. 50, No. 6, June, 1958.

33This could have been the local mail (Sheldon Stoddard made 24 trips) or Chorpenning's man, T. S. Williams. Both went.

34Los Angeles Star, October 12, 1854.

35Chattel Mortgage Book A, page 48, October, 1854.

36Bailey, Walkara, Hawk of the Mountains (January 29, 1855), p. 170. Also, March 24th, Los Angeles Star Weekly.

37Los Angeles Star Weekly, February 8, 1855. The California Stage Company has reorganized and extended a line south from San Francisco; Banning and Alexander add it to their services. Winther, Express and Stage Coach Days, pp. 135-136.

38 . . . of the February 23, 1855, crash. Los Angeles Star Weekly, March 1, 1855. Winther, Express and Stage Coach Days, p. 112.

39Los Angeles Star Weekly, March 17, 1855 - April 14th.

40Ibid. January 24, 1855.

41Very nearly Highway 138, above the Historical Marker, though without benefit of an artificial cut, as now.

42Los Angeles Star Weekly, May 5, 1855.

43David W. Alexander, earlier a partner of Francis Mellus, had lived a while in Salt Lake City. Newmark, My Sixty Years, p. 74.

44Los Angeles Star Weekly, April 14, 1855.

45Ibid. June 2nd, when Mr. Sanford's brother returned from seeing him out Cajon.

46Los Angeles Star Weekly, March 3, 1855, June 30th; also Evans, Chas. Coulson Rich, p. 220.

47Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 22nd. Newmark, My Sixty Years, p. 187, says he brought back some wagons with spoke wheels.

48John Brown, Sr., Jim Waters' trapper-friend, had chosen land in Ukipe Valley which he felt sure they would not choose. He met surveyors Fred Perris and rodman Joseph

Rich with a shotgun in the summer of 1855. (Poulsen, Versatile Pioneer, pp. 38-40.)

49Mortgage Book A17; Deed N356 to Mrs. Granger, A327 to H. Hancock.

50Los Angeles Star Weekly, June 23, 1855. On the Upper San Gabriel River.

51Ibid. July 7th. (Bear Lake at this time was the lake we know as Baldwin Lake.)

52Mortgage A172. (The Possessory Claim he speaks of is not listed.)

53Los Angeles Star Weekly, October 13th. (See February 23, 1856, Star, when Jefferson Davis declares Parallel 33 is through sterile deserts, that 32 would be better.)

54Ibid. November 3, 1855.

55Ibid. November 17th.

56The Hopkins Church Journal says $20,000 loss, and laments the reduction of their capacity to supply lumber and meet debts. Beattie, Heritage, p. 222.

57In the midst of all this, a heroic and dramatic story was taking place: Some of Duff Weaver's Indian friends had let him know that there was a white girl in a party of Yuma Indians up along the Colorado. With provisions, and presents from the military, a friendly Yuma named Francesca was sent in to bargain for the release of Miss Olive Oatman, 16, who with her late sister had been a slave, first of the Apaches who had captured them in 1851, and later of the Yumas to whom they had been sold. She and Francesca boated dangerously down the Colorado before their hosts could change intention. The girl was brought to El Monte on February 22, 1856, to old Iowa neighbors of her massacred parents. The first comment was that "she had not been made a wife." (Harris Newmark, who saw her, said she had been tattooed. My Sixty Years, p. 218.)

It took her some months to regain her speech and earlier memories. Assemblyman Hunt of San Bernardino recommended that the legislature appropriate a $1500 state fund for her, which she got at the end of March. Los Angeles Star Weekly, April 19, 1856.

58Los Angeles Star Weekly, February 16, 1856.

59Ibid. April 5, 1856.

60Newmark, My Sixty Years in California, p. 191.

61John M. Lewis had never prospered very well. He placed numerous mortgages against his half of the sawmill. See A53, A61.

62 Los Angeles Star Weekly, June 21, 1856. "5,000 head of Yorba cattle are on the plains; also 10,000 head of Mormon cattle."

63To Brigham Young, unwitnessed. Revealed in April, 1844, as winning laurels for

salvation. Amasa M. Lyman biography, p. 114. In San Bernardino the practice seemed largely limited to the leaders.

64Henry G. Sherwood and Jerome Benson were of this group. Poulsen, Versatile Pioneer, p. 65, gives Charles Rich's explanation of the trouble.

65Beattie, Heritage, p. 244, pp. 258-259.

66Possessory Claim Book A13.

67Leases Book A, page 5, made September 18, 1856 (five days after the death of Col. Williams) and recorded October 17, 1857.

68Per Father Caballeria, History of San Bernardino Valley, p. 96.

69Judge Benjamin Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 147, October 16, 1856.

70Ibid.

71Newmark, My Sixty Years, pp. 270-272.


73Beattie, Heritage, pp. 270-272.

74Ibid. p. 270.

75Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, pp. 182-184.

76Hunt-Rowland Deed B234, November 24, 1857.

77Cox-Pico Deed B252, December 8, 1857.

78Taylor (#11) - Crosby (#9), Eames-Dickson Deed B268; Mortgages A93, B48. The mortgages referred also to "their interest if any in the possessory claims of Lyman, Rich and Frederick . . . which were all taken up at the same time for the purpose of sawmilling."

79Lyman (Poss. #10), Rich and Frederick (#1) to Bachman Mercantile Mortgage B6, June 22, 1858. Per Harris Newmark, Bachman always had a good deal of Salt Lake trade.

80In June of 1859. Mortgage B101 (June 30th) @ $5,000.

81They are en route to army headquarters at Ft. Tejon.

82Guinn Harris Heap, Central Route to the Pacific; Earle Crowe, Men of El Tejon.

83Burr Belden, History in the Making, San Bernardino Sun, November 25, 1957.

PART 2, CHAPTER 3

"CHANGE OF PIONEERS" Beattie, Heritage, p. 301.

2From an unpublished manuscript of daughter Huldah James Mecham, to whom we are indebted for all these memoirs. She remembered her father to have brought up a boiler that had come all the way around the Horn. (Cf. Jeff Daley: note 28 in Mormon Lumbering.)

3Ibid.

4Ibid.

5Ibid.

6Later newspaper reports.

7Huldah James Mecham, unpublished manuscript.

8Ibid.

9Claire Mecham Hayman, a James granddaughter who has the pistols and written memoirs from her mother, and five Sawmill Ledgers.

10Per the June 26th Los Angeles Star Weekly, Bachmans were rebuilding Child's burned store.

11Possessory Claims: Book A, page 16, March 7, 1857.

12Ibid. A19, April 13, 1858.

13Los Angeles Star Weekly, May 22, 1858.

14Possessory Claim Book: A21, June 17, 1858.

15Los Angeles Star Weekly, March 20, 1858.

16Ibid. February 13, 1858.

17Ibid. May 22nd.

18Ibid. January 23rd, 1858.

19Harold O. Weight, "We Found a Mighty River," Westways, Vol. 57, No. 10, October, 1965. Los Angeles Star Weekly, January 16, 1858; September 12, 1858.


21Ibid. There is something about strong young men getting wives, "now that the Elders are out of the picture." Maybe it was precaution; maybe it was for added strength; maybe it was Time.

22F. M. Lyman Biography, p. 39, says Col. Kane went through with his train February 1 - March, 1858.

23Quotes from the Deseret Magazine, in Los Angeles Star Weekly, May 1st, June 20th.

24Who, in September, 1857, filed Possessory Claim on the SW 1/4 of the s 1/2 of the NW 1/4 of Section 25, T2S, R1W (Highland Springs), A1.

25Los Angeles Star Weekly, July 17th (Dr. Wozencraft has treated two for arrow wounds).

26Ibid. September 19th.

27Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 19, 1858.

28Ibid. July 17th (two men got slit throats).

29Burr Belden, History in the Making, San Bernardino Sun, November 25, 1961; December 16, 1951.

30Los Angeles Star Weekly, October 9th, 1858.

31Deed B254, December 8, 1857 (A89 was the original deed, granted by Micheltoreno April 29, 1843; twice since, parts have sold for pennies).

32Deed D128, November 9, 1858 @ $3,300.

33Los Angeles Star Weekly, November 16, 1858.

34Alta Californian, January 6, 1859, quoting from the Salt Lake Valley Sun of December 17, 1858.

35Alta Californian, January 6, 1859.

36Ibid. April 18, 1859.

37Deed D244 @ $4,400.

38Mortgage B48; Mortgage B65.

39Agreement A20, July 26, 1859.

40Los Angeles Star Weekly, August 13, 1859.

41Mortgage B101, June 30, 1859.

42Huldah James Mecham, herself (the first of three mountain births).

43Memoirs of Sidney P. Waite, mail carrier (later San Bernardino County Clerk); Excerpts in Big Bear Panorama, 1934 booklet published by Big Bear High School, edited by Bea Peddar, pp. 28-30. Quotes are from Boyd and Brown, History, pp. 284-285.

44Wm. Elliott, History of San Bernardino County, 1883, p. 142.

45Newmark, My Sixty Years, p. 247.

46Alta Californian, April - May, 1859; see also note 19.

47October 22nd. A sixteen-day trip, it was said, at one-third the cost of steamer service.

PART 2, CHAPTER 4

"PROSPECTING DAYS" Sidney Waite Memoirs, Big Bear Panorama, p. 28.

2Per a Holcomb daughter. February 20, 1860.

3From Gold, Sliver, and History, master thesis of Laurance A. Jacobs, UCLA 1962, deposited with the Bear Valley Ranger Station. His source is the Los Angeles Star Weekly, January 7, 1860.

4Los Angeles Star Weekly, January 7, 1860.


6Miscellaneous Records A______, April 30, 1860.

7The story is that told by Wm. Francis Holcomb, himself, in a "Journal of Holcomb Valley" (compiled in 1888). Quoted often by centennial newspapers (San Bernardino Sun, October 1948) and by Big Bear Panorama, p. 26. In 1930 a novel of the flag incident was dramatized by the community as "Nevertheless, Old Glory," San Bernardino Sun, July 4, 1930.

8W. F. Holcomb, "Journal of Holcomb Valley," p. 13.

9Los Angeles Star Weekly, June 30, 1860.

10Ibid. July 7, 1860.

11Ibid. August 29th.

12Possessory Claims A29, July 18, 1860.

13Semi-Weekly Southern News, July 6, 1860.

14"Cerf" is the width of wood taken out by the saw.

15Huldah James Mecham Memoirs.

16J. J. Willis' bookkeeping shows every tobacco purchase or other advance against their wages. Jonathan James Mill Ledgers.

17Board of Supervisors' Minutes, August 6, 1860 - A82.

18Los Angeles Star Weekly, August 29, 1860. (He invested in Dr. Wozencraft's Greenlead Mine.)

19Perhaps Silas Cox's burro-stops here have left a name. No early possessory claim or patent or lease has been found for this grassy, spring-fed meadow.

20As seen by a later Brown-Tucker-Willis agreement, A24.

21This dramatic account (p. 96 in a book of local history researched by Victor Valley College) gives form to a story current in many pioneer memoirs: Mohave (1966).

22Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 1, 1860. (William Caley's Journal (Belden, 1951) reported 300 men voting.)

23Supervisors' Minutes, October 20, 1860, p. 94; November 12, 1860, p. 109.

24Holcomb Journal.

25Ibid.

26Possessory Claim Book A, pages 30-34, November 17, 1860. Per a San Bernardino Guardian of March, 1867: ". . . argentiferous galena and lead which they know of no way to profitably extract."

27Los Angeles Star Weekly, April 20, 1861, said to be "on the eastern slope bordering on the desert." (Probably near the Permanente Plant in a spot still called Cushenbury Grade.)

28Agreement Book A24, January 4, 1861; Brown agrees to furnish $231 for each of his partners and take it from the first tolls.

29Possessory Book A31-32.

30Miscellaneous Records (as all the first mining records were), A37.

31Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 212, January 9, 1861. (Word of the Secession had, I believe, been received December 29th, 1860.)


33Ibid. Ogier Mine has persisted a century. By a 1953 Division of Mines Report it was located in Section 30, T3N, Range 1 East, on John Bull Flat, and noted as having the "most extensive lode work of the area."

34Miscellaneous Records, A35, A36, A46, S. S. Smith. A37, A442, A45, A452, March 9, 1861 through April.

35Miscellaneous Records A37, May 20, 1861. (30 years later this will be the area of Rose Mine and Morongo King.)

36Agreement A22, August 26, 1861.

37Miscellaneous Records A34, March 16, 1861, as Holcomb Creek could rightfully be called. Its headwaters would be below the old Hitchcock Ranch headquarters.

38Water Records A40, April 1861.

39W. D. Frazee, Climate and Resource of San Bernardino County, p. 79.


41Los Angeles Star Weekly, April 13, 1861. AdvertisementJOEL SCRANTONHolcomb Valley EXPRESS

42Ibid.

43" . . . worst between Burnt Valley and Holcomb," they said.

44The Harold Goldbrandsens of Victorville researched the route in connection with Victor Valley's historical publication.

45Los Angeles Star Weekly, from a correspondent signing himself as Selma.

46Sidney Waite Memoirs.

47Los Angeles Star Weekly, June 3, 1861. In a Civis letter from Holcomb Valley.

48Austin Drake, Big Bear Valley History, Legends, and Tales (Grizzly Press, 1949 Centennial Edition, Big Bear Lake), p. 64, has a charming tale about a stage-load of "dance-hall girls" who danced under the stars at the foot of Snubbing Post Grade during a breakdown. (His source I have not seen.)

49Sidney Waite Memoirs.

50Los Angeles Star Weekly, June 3, 1861. Selma letter.

51Ibid. April 20, 1861.

52Ibid. June 1st.

53Sold by Lewis Marjoni to James C. Udell in Agreement A33, November 4, 1861.

54Drake, Bear Valley History, p. 76. They may have named it for the popular Round House, made over into an Octagon House, which Harris Newmark describes as Los Angeles' favorite beer garden of the era (My Sixty Years, p. 192, p. 476). This may have been Sylvester's building next to Mellus Mill.

55Holcomb Valley owners listed on the 1862 Assessor's Roll.

56Ibid.

57Ibid.

58Agreement A32, November 12, 1861 (near Julian Co. in Lower Holcomb).

59Los Angeles Star Weekly, June 27, 1861, Holcomb Valley correspondent, J. A. Talbot, later Unionist editor of the Star.

60Editor Sherman's letter is quoted in Major Carleton's classified report on San Bernardino to the War Department. Rebellion Records, pp. 552-553.

61Los Angeles Star Weekly, June 27th, Talbot letter.

62Ibid.

63Ibid. July 23rd, Selma letter.

64Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 257. Entries for July 6th, August 8th.

65Duly sent to Secretary of State Seward. Rebellion Records, p. 629.

66Arrival June 24th; program, Sept. 11th Los Angeles Star Weekly; also Rebellion Records, p. 567.

67Maybe also from the San Gabriel Mines. Men are there from "the upper country." Los Angeles Star Weekly, March 4, 1861; Rebellion Records I, p. 43.

68Showalter had fought a too-successful duel with San Bernardino's Assemblyman Piercy on May 25, 1861.

69The only Visalia man mentioned was a Dr. Snell who came to assay in Holcomb Valley. Women and children hiding in the half-finished Catholic Church should date Showalter's passage west of town. Mrs. E. P. R. Crafts, Pioneer Days.

70Los Angeles Star Weekly, July 19th; Civis letter.

71Not far east of the grove of Holcomb Campground, facing Caribou Creek, is a junkyard of rusting machinery. It could date from 1861, or as late as 1925.

72Los Angeles Star Weekly, August 17th. (No possessory claim shows until 1867.)

73See map of Patent A132 in Book A, August 27, 1872, and on the Olio, etc. Also maps in Surveyor's office for 1876.

74Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 1, 1861. God and Union correspondent, Holcomb.

75Semi-Weekly Southern News, September 13th.

76Los Angeles Star, September 7th.

77Alta Californian, September 9, 1861. The societies would have been "Knights of the Golden Circle."

78Ibid.

79Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 14, 1861. Selma letter.

80Ibid. God and Union letter, . . . of young Rowland searching for stock.

81Ibid. Editorial comment on "a Johnson who ordered $15 worth of clothing, the receipt for same, and $5 cash . . . at gunpoint."

82Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 14, 1861. Selma letter.

83Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 257.

84Rebellion Records, pp. 597-615, August 31st - September 5th.

85 Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 11, 1861, Correspondent Selma.

86Misc. Records, A48 (Udell to Thomas Bisset), September 6, 1861 @ $1,000 (payable at $40 a week).

87McCoy, @ $211 (A49) and $500 (A51) respectively.


89Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 14, 1861. Van Leuven, Waters, Rowland, Wilson, Wolfskill and Stearns lost horses.

90Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 259 (September 22, 1861); Belden, History in the Making, San Bernardino Sun-Telegram, June 6, 1952. Showalter escaped after five months and made his way to the Confederate lines.

91Los Angeles Star Weekly, September 16th. Letter from San Bernardino.

92Ten Salt Lake men who kept stolen horses in a mountain valley were sent to San Quentin. (Los Angeles Star Weekly, November 9, 1861.)

93Los Angeles Star Weekly, October 9, 1861. Civis letter.

94Ibid. October 5th.


96Ibid. December 21, 1861.

97F. M. Edgar, Possessory Claim Book A35, April 23, 1861.

98Note: A projection from Huldah James Mecham's memoirs, from this year when Sam was fifteen.

PART 2, CHAPTER 5

"IGNORING THE WAR" Los Angeles Star Weekly, January 10, 1862.

2Hayes, Pioneer Notes, p. 265. He did almost strip himself of cattle and hay, which he sold to the Union troops to get enough money to restore the Turnpike. See above, pp. 260-261.

3Los Angeles Star Weekly, January 22, 1862; Hayes interviews, February.

4Hayes, Pioneer Notes, pp. 270-271: February 6th talk with the Trujillos in their open-air ramuda.

5Huldah James Mecham Memoirs. For the interest of feminine readers, doctors, devotees of the "good olde days," she was never "right." She was killed at sixteen in a buggy wreck.

6Huldah James Mecham Memoirs.

7Los Angeles Star Weekly, February 6, 1862. Letter of Acting-Coroner A. J. Beard.

8Mortgage Book B146.

9Ibid. The Tibbetts Mortgage and the Pierson Mortgage were listed together, both here and on exemption for taxes.

10Per 1857 original Survey Map of Township 2 North, Range 4 West, shown at the end of the Mormon Lumbering section.

11Assessor's Yearbooks, 1862, p. 3.

12Ibid. p. 3.

13Written by W. B. Coombs from pioneer and family remembrances, 1937.

14Assessor's Yearbooks, 1862, 1863, 1864.

15Ibid.

16Ibid.

17The Strongs were on the wagon train which Frank Talmadge joined en route to California. Mr. Strong was, even then, an invalid.

18Eugene Caley article in January 13, 1939, San Bernardino Daily Sun.

19Told in a WPA Writers' Project, The Old West, Pioneer Tales of San Bernardino County, Native Sons (Sun Company, San Bernardino, 1940), p. 49. Susan Strong (Caley), who would have been 12 and whose tales I use, reversed the fates of the two bears as given by the Native Sons. Cf. 18.

20Los Angeles Star Weekly, March 1, 1862.

21Ibid. April 5th, "buying $2,000 - $3,000 a month;" May 22nd, "a $12,000 shipment, the largest yet."

22Also Newmark, My Sixty Years, p. 313.

23Los Angeles Star Weekly, February 8th-15th, etc.

24Ibid. April 19th.

25Miscellaneous Records, A58.

26A Star correspondent of September, 1861, had said, "a $20,000 investment."

27See advertisements of Sheriff's Sale, Los Angeles Star Weekly.

28Kelley, Wozencraft, Henderson, Sylvester, Bellamy, Wm. Osborn, Lewis Marjoni, Tom Valencia, James Davis, John B. Cook, George Hamilton, Sydney Waite, . . . doubtless, others.

29Judge Ogier's death took place in Holcomb Valley, May 1861, per Newmark, My Sixty Years, p. 54.

30Judge W. D. Frazee, Climate and Resources of San Bernardino County, pp. 56-57. An 1881 Editor, boosting Valley Gold Co. possibilities, quotes Wells-Fargo as authority.


32Miscellaneous Records, A60, A61, A64.

33Ibid. A75, November 1, 1862.

34The division of the Salt Lake Trail from the Government Road.

35Los Angeles Star Weekly, April 19, 1862, February 13, 1864.

36Ibid. July 26, 1862.

37The new editor was the same J. A. Talbott who had corresponded from Holcomb Valley.

38Forecast in the Los Angeles Star Weekly, November 8, 1862. (Not really carried out until January 2, 1863.)


40Ibid. February 21st.


42Ibid. May 12th, Civis letter from San Bernardino.

43Ibid. March 1, 1863.

44Los Angeles Star Weekly of that date. Both Mrs. Sanford and her daughter, Mrs. Banning, were aboard.

45Miscellaneous Records, A75; April, 1863, to James Walsh & Co.

46The name on the Assessor's Rolls.

47According to the San Bernardino Guardian, March 9, 1867, he installed a 35 hp engine, a centrifugal crusher, and shaking tables.

48Miscellaneous Records, A67, May 8, 1863. There must have been some copper ore involved if he named it, as he said, for a "green stain."

49See Deed F296, November 3, 1863.

50Miscellaneous Records, A92, October 13, 1863.

51Ibid. A73, September 24, 1863; Prieta was from Agua Mansa; once Caballeria spoke of him as a poet.

52Assessor's Rolls 1863-64. Taxes $366.

53Quotation from Deed F296, November 3, 1863, Moronga Silver Mining Co.

54Deed A66, April 10, 1863. One of his working associates was Juan Flores. One wonders if this might have led to the later ranch name. Governor Pico had made the name fashionable.

55Beattie, Heritage of the Valley, pp. 92-94, whether one league or seven leagues.

56Evidence of his work and cattle are seen on 1864 tax rolls.

57Possessory Claims A46, A47, A49, February 14, 1863.

581863 Tax Rolls.

59James Mill Account Ledgers, kept by J. J. Willis.

601863 Tax Rolls, April.

61George Momyer interview with George Miller, San Bernardino County Museum Association Quarterly, Winter, 1962.

62Los Angeles Star Weekly, July 11th, 1863.

63Ibid. October 3, 1863.


65Miscellaneous Records, A87: "1-1/4 miles northwest of Holcomb Valley" - forerunner of the "Alpine District" and Arctic Canyon.

66Assessor's Rolls, 1864. A66 was Lawler's Possessory Claim. Hamilton may have been the original owner of Hamilton Hotel in Lower Holcomb.

67Miscellaneous Records A91.

68Deed F221.

69Possessory Claims A65, June 17, 1864 (Cox Rancha).

70Miscellaneous Records A97, May 27, 1864.

71Tri-Weekly News, February 10, 1864.

72Ibid. April 18th, April 29th.

73Los Angeles Star Weekly, February 6, 1864.

74Ibid. September 3, 1864.


76Ibid. June 11th. "70-80 head of beef are on the road to Hardyville."

771864 Assessor's Rolls.

78Miscellaneous Records A106, October 13, 1864.

79Los Angeles Star Weekly, July 2, 1864; apparently Abbott, the original locator, objected to the man his partner sold out to.




83According to the 1864 Tax Rolls: on "ranch and carpentry tools, and $160 improvements on the Agua Caliente."

84Momyer interview with George Miller, p. 77, San Bernardino County Museum Association Quarterly, Winter, 1962.

85Talmadge Annals; also memoirs of John Talmadge, Centennial Issue of San Bernardino Sun, October, 1947.

86Assessor's Rolls, 1864-65 Fiscal Year, p. 147.

87Miscellaneous Records A112: Debts $559, $200, $300, which is not, of course, its whole value, either to Mellus or to his assignees. Thus the mill ownership was fragmented.

88The San Bernardino Guardian, March 9, 1867, giving Green Lead history, said: "a

Ryerson amalgamator," and there was a Mr. Ryerson in the company.

89In March, 1865, there would be a $1,000 steam quartz-mill listed on the Assessor's rolls.

90Los Angeles Tri-Weekly News, October 1, 1864.


92Bruce Catton, This Hallowed Ground, New York, 1956.

93Tri-Weekly News, November 12, 1864. San Bernardino County: Lincoln 231, McClellan ___.

94Tri-Weekly News of December 10, 1864, had said it would be ready January 1st, and hauling would be $30 a ton cheaper.

95Tri-Weekly News, February 7, 1865; Superintendent Nichols' account.

96Assessor's Rolls 1864-65.

97Ibid.

98Ibid.

PART 2, CHAPTER 6

"QUIET ON THE WESTERN FRONT" Value on the 1864-65 tax books as $1,250 instead of $2,500.

2Perhaps that Dark Canyon one spoken of by George Miller as where he cut off his finger. San Bernardino County Museum Association Quarterly, Winter, 1962.

3Possessory Claim A79; May 26, 1865. He also stated, which must have been a compass error, that he was "6 1/2 miles nearly North from Huston's new mill," later proved on Section 19, T2N, R3W.

4Between Masonic Hall and the Twin Peaks Church.


6Ibid. A127. A124, 127, 128 pertain.

7Ibid. A1242. Alexandra and Madeline.

8Ibid. A126.

9Ibid. A128 also, November 9, 1865.

10Ibid. A1262, September 29, 1865. Of the seven names, none were currently "Davis." Stiles, Schoenman, Oehne, Martin, Chrislmark.

11Ibid. A1282, October 14, 1865.

12Ibid. A129, December 1, 1865.

13Our "Agua Fria."

14Agreement A54.

15 San Bernardino County Museum Association Quarterly, Winter, 1982, George Momyer interview with George Miller, p. 15.

PART 2, CHAPTER 7

"AN INDIAN GAUNTLET" The East Fork of the West Fork. Per pioneers, they were attacked in the valley below Pilot Rock and Bald Hills.

2Who wrote a condolence letter to Ed Parrish's widow. San Bernardino County Museum Association Quarterly, Spring, 1958, p. 15.

3Holcomb Memoirs, Brown and Boyd History, Vol. I, pp. 22-23.

41866 Tax Collector's books.

5Possessory Claim A97; on one corner is "a seven foot thick sugar pine."

6Deed G276, March 29, 1866, Johnson-Moore to Abner Wade; "the eight-stamp mill, sawmill attached, 4 steam arrastres, a dwelling house, a cookhouse, blacksmith shop, stable . . . their interests in the ledges," @ $3,750.

7Lawsuits 0170-0174, $26,000 in all, per deposition in Circuit Court-Book of Judgements, p. 130, microfilm in County Clerk's Office: Richard Garvey vs. Abner Wade, Pittsburg and California Mining Company.

8$5,000 in July.

9Deed G428, issued January 11, 1867. Moore bought Green Lode @ $2,900 at Court Auction about July, 1866. A March 9, 1867, Guardian would say "through mismanagement and extravagance, the Green Lode was sold under attachment."


11Eliot Lord, The Drama of Virginia City, U.S. Geological survey, 1881; Nevada Association of University Women Edition, 1905, p. 56.

12References in Suits 0170-0174, see note 7. August 10, 1866, Writ of Attachment vs. Wade's Mill.

13Quit-claim deed from Abner Wade to Pittsburg and California Mining Company, G330, August 27, 1866.

14Deed G330, October 27, 1866, Garvey-Southwick had put in $1,000 of the $4,250 owed by Mellus.

15Deed H250, for a $2,726 judgment, which would be issued by the Los Angeles County Sheriff, June 1, 1867. Garvey paid Wade $1,800 for his claim on Mellus property.

16Deposition of Garvey in Case No. 0170.

17Newmark, My Sixty Years, p. 353, 371.

18Possessory Claim A142, December 18, 1866.

19Ibid. A100, September 4, 1866.

20Ibid. A115, December 24, 1866.

21Ibid. A117, December 24, 1866. One house would have stood on Edgewater Point. The other probably on the tip beyond Orchard Bay.

22Assessor's Rolls 1866-67.

23Ibid.

24Both Strong and Talmadge children have carried down memories of long, scary hours hiding under the beds.

25Also a Talmadge memory, that of six-year-old Will. San Bernardino County Museum Quarterly, Spring, 1958, p. 10, a symposium of memories of the 1867 Indian attack.

26San Bernardino Guardian, which began weekly publication February 16, 1867; more February 23, 1867.

27A Mr. Stout, according to the tale of George Miller, San Bernardino County Museum Association Quarterly, Spring, 1958.

28A composite, reconciling five participant accounts - County Museum Quarterly, Spring 1958; Holcomb's story in Boyd and Brown, varied pioneer tales, and the Guardian articles of the month. Edt.

29San Bernardino Guardian, March 9, 1867.


31Deed K551, January 11, 1867.

32Possessory Claim A119, March 21, 1867. It would be resurveyed for patent in 1872.

33January 27th (case 0170).

34Stated and priced in Miscellaneous Records A148.

35Suit 0174, Wade deposition.

36Per the March 9th _______________, the Olio was down 80 feet, the Mammoth 80 feet in on a 45 degree angle.

37Suit 0174.

38These had to testify.

39People have always thought La Praix came directly from Sacramento to the Knight-Dickey Mill near Seely Flat.


41Deed H250, June, 1867, Garvey bought Mellus's remaining interest @ $100. In July, 1867, was Garvey's trial in San Francisco re Injunction.

42Lawsuit 0171, Garvey deposition.

43Ibid. Wade deposition.

44Miscellaneous Records A1522, June 28, 1867. W. W. Wallace, Wade Hampton, Wm. Tite, S. M. Kier, G. F. Filmore, S. K. Thane, A. A. Partridge, Levi Wade, H. H. Hartman and Abner Wade, Agent.

45Miscellaneous Records A1512, July 10, 1867.

46Later Deed G473.

47San Bernardino Guardian, March 9, 1867, Mining article.


49San Bernardino Guardian, June 22nd.

50Dickey-Treadwell mortgages, A67, B348, B350.

51San Bernardino Guardian, July 18, 1867.

52Chattel Mortgage Book 1, pg 1; Huston-Waters @ $1,000; Miscellaneous Records C525.

53San Bernardino Guardian, September 16, 1867.

54Ibid. July 20th.

55Possessory Claim A132, September 2, 1867.

56Possessory Claim A164-65, December 31, 1867.

57San Bernardino Guardian, October 16, 1867.

58Ibid. July, Helium bubbles, per Gilbert Ellis Bailey, AM, Ph.D., "Some Hot Springs of Southern California" (USC, 1919).

59Miscellaneous Records A154, October 2, 1867, Garvey, Mars, Pringle, Kinneman.

60Deed H127 @ $500. October 31, 1867.

61San Bernardino Guardian, October 5th.

62Ibid.


PART 2, CHAPTER 8

"SAMPLING MOUNTAIN RESOURCES" Adelanto Springs crossing, one mile below Mojave Narrows.

2San Bernardino Guardian.

3The Central Pacific in March acquired a small railroad south of San Francisco, planning to build down the Santa Clara and San Joaquin Valleys on a Congress-given authorization to connect with the Atlantic-to-the-Pacific franchise, sponsored by Senator Benton. The name of the company was the Southern Pacific. Southern Pacific Historical Sketch, Bureau of News, Dept. of Development, March, 1933.

4San Bernardino Guardian, January 4, 1868.

5Ibid. January 11th.

6Ibid. April 25th, to McKenny and Matthews.

7Ibid.

8Ibid. July 1, 1868.

9Mortgage B 357.

10Deed H146, February 4, 1868; H252, April 2, 1868.

11Case No. 0174.


13Ibid. A166.

14"Little Grass Valley in Sawpit Canyon," according to pioneers in the May, 1897, Semi-Centennial Times-Index.

15San Bernardino Guardian, August 22, 1868.

16Huston's location is eventually learned as on the east half of Section 19, Township 2 North, Range 3 West, in the canyon now occupied by the Arrowhead Alpine Conference Grounds, Rose Canyon.

17Deed H283, Mortgage A96, May 26, 1868.

18Interview with Cash Caley, youngest son of the marriage, donor of the Bear Valley Mill picture, including the house.

19Later Fleming Creek.

20The account of Mollie Tyler Bright, daughter of Jerusha Hancock, a Hancock-Bemis genealogist.

21William Stewart La Praix had come here then.

22San Bernardino Guardian, November 8, 1868.

23They know places we do not. Maybe Holcomb branch and Coxey country.

24Miscellaneous Records A183, December 28, 1868.

25Mortgage Book B444, October 31, 1868, from Wolff and Folkes; Hauling, March 20, 1869.

26San Bernardino Guardian, September 12, 1868 (Farciot's pump).

27W. D. Frazee, San Bernardino County, Climate, and Resources.

28San Bernardino Guardian, December 5, 1868.

PART 3, CHAPTER 1

"NEW GATEWAY TO THE MOUNTAINS"1San Bernardino Guardian, February 20, 1869

2Ibid. April 24th.

3Ibid. March 26th.

4May 10, 1869. Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, p. 290.

5San Bernardino Guardian, June 5, 1869. Knight Shingle Mill, Camel and 4th Streets.

6Ibid. March 20th.

7Ibid.

8Ibid. October 23rd.

9Miscellaneous Records, A 185.

10Deed K 553, March 6, 1869.

11Agreement A 57, May 31, 1869.

12Miscellaneous Records A 187, A 188, A 189, A 190, A 193, A 194.



15Miscellaneous Records A 261, September 26, 1869. Later these mines are referred to as “Cox Mines.”



18Southern Pacific Historical Sketch (Bureau of News, Development Department, 1933).

19Miscellaneous Records A 258, recorded January 11, 1870.

20His name may be Mulla__’n’. Script is difficult.

21San Bernardino Guardian, December 25, 1869.

22Agreement A 60; Mullau – Norris and McWorthy – 5700 sheep and $1

T2N R1W E ½ Section 24, NE ¼Section 25, Section 23R1E S ½ Section 12, Section 13, Section 23N ½ Section 26, NE ¼ Section 27, Section 23R2E W ½ Section 15, SE ¼ Section 6, NE ¼ Section 7E ½ and NW ¼ Section 19, Sections 16, 17, 18, 30

23Per Historical Sketch of Southern Pacific (Bureau of News) – after December 31, 1869.

24See Miscellaneous Records A 245, Mullau – Avery.

25At which time 15 parcels of assigned land would be patented. Miscellaneous Records A 245 – A 276.


27H. V. Meeks, “From Turnpike to Motorway,” August, 1932. From an interview with Jeff Daley, a son. Eugene Daley in a January 8, 1939, article reported his father, William Daley, assisted by Pond brothes from Greenlead mine, built the upper section. It may have been his $500 contribution – Articles of Incorporation, Beattie.

28Mortgage B585, February 8, 1870.

291870 Tax Rolls say: “sawmill in Little Bear Valley, on a possessory claim.”

30San Bernardino Guardian, April 16, 1870; Los Angeles Daily News, April 15th.

31Miscellaneous Records A 198, January 25th; A 208 (ext) February 3rd.

PART 3, CHAPTER 2

"LUMBERING VIA TWIN & CITY CREEK TURNPIKE"

San Bernardino Guardian, April 23rd. Lumbering via Twin and City Creek Turnpike.

2Miscellaneous Records A236, A306.

3Ibid. A246. This year the Brown sons received John Brown Sr.'s cattle-brand for their cattle-raising efforts in the knee-deep grass of the Val Verde Ranch (Mojave Crossing).


5Patent A63, 280a in Section 29, 3N, 4W, May 10, 1870, J. P. Houghton; Patents to 1440 acres in 4W and 5W. At least, so the 1870 tax book says. Starting with parts of Section 29, James P. Houghton receives land in California as assignee for State of New York, May 1, 1869. Patents to parts of Section 28, Section 13, A140, A141.






11Ibid. September 1st.

12Deeds J592, James to Barney Carter; I592, Dickey to Reuben Anderson.

13Miscellaneous Records A334, Avery-Anderson.

14San Bernardino Guardian, January 21, 1871. Also Jeff Daley story to H. V. Meeks, National Motorist, August, 1932. The Beattie article on Road Incorporation said Huston

sued the Twin Creek Company for "letting him use an unrepaired road."

15Miscellaneous Records A274, March 1871. Blackhawk District organized.

16Ibid. A243. Later a congressman from his state.

17Ibid. A261. "2 1/2 miles SW of Holcomb Valley Quartz Mill."

18San Bernardino Guardian, March 11, 1871.

19Ibid.

20Ibid. March 6th.

21Southern Pacific Historical Sketch (Bureau of News).

22San Bernardino Guardian, February 5, 1871; April 1st.

23Land Patent A338, August 17, 1871. West of Daley Road at summit gap.

24Later John Comerford would have Patent B64, N 1/2 of SE 1/4 of SE 1/4, Sec. 29, T2N, R3W. "Old John" memories come from Don Tyler and Molie Tyler Bright, children of Charles and Jerusha Tyler.

25Deed L59, August 14, 1871; the $52.67 was proffered by friend Horace Rolfe; K535 records repayment to Rolfe.

26See Mars - Mortgage B563, January 3, 1870, cleared 12-12-71.


28Ibid. July 22nd.

29Ibid. August 2nd.




33Ibid. December 2nd.

34Newmark, My Sixty Years, pp. 440-441.

35Mortgage C244, August 26, 1871.


37Deed L454, Grass Valley Steam Sawmill to Charles and J. B. Tyler.

PART 3, CHAPTER 3

"J.B. DIARY & THE GRASS VALLEY SAWMILL"

( note - the complete diary was printed in the book)

PART 3, CHAPTER 4

"SAWDUST VERSUS GOLD DUST"

Tyler's land, contracted directly from Avery as promised to Anderson, is the East half and Southwest quarter of Section 17, and the Northwest quarter of Section 20, Township 2 North, Range 3 West, now the lovely Grass Valley Country Club addition.

2Possessory Claim A338. NW 1/4, Section 30, T2N, R3W. Photographs and stories from Joseph Scherman, Orange County Forester.

3Dutch Charlie's last name may be "Fiedler." Deeds show his movement in the approximate area.

4Deed L59, March 15, 1872, legal after September 15th.

5Deed L56, June 1, 1872.

6Patent to 141 a placer granted November 25, 1872, and the ledges A89, A94, by Lot Number. Mammoth A102 (Lot 40), Olio A131 (Lot 38), San Bernardino A106 (Lot 39), granted January 2, 1873.6.36 chains north of placer boundary entered August 27, 1872.

7Deed L353, September 30, 1872.

8Deed L356, December 2, 1872.

9Deed L358, December 2, 1872. Garvey to Holcomb Valley G.M. & M. Ltd.

10Mortgage Book C224.

11Southern Pacific Historical Sketch (Bureau of News, 1933).

12Deed L179.

13Miscellaneous Records A523. (About double his cost.)

14Patent C389. NW 1/4, Section 23, T2N, R3W @ $200.

15Agreement with D. T. Huston, November 6, 1872, Chattel Mortgage A1. Much later, the site of the Arrowhead Ranger Station. However, by 1874 the Metcalf-Schermann Mill is shown (by Mortgage A111) to be on the NE 1/4, Section 23, T2N, R3W, on a stream directly back of Santa's Village, Skyforest, per Louie Calwell White. A road came to it along the front from Old John's.

16Burr Helden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, March 23, 1952.

17San Bernardino Guardian, February 1st, 1873.

18Tyler Diary.

19San Bernardino Guardian, February 26, 1873.

20Deeds M53 @ $512.12; M386 (corrected). Patent A243, and map.

21San Bernardino Guardian, May 3, 1873.

22Ibid.

23San Bernardino Guardian, May 3, 1873.

24Mountain mahogany ash, they discovered, smothered the fires.

25These Lone Valley locations take on added interest when you know that, under the original name or another, they continue to have commercial value in the 1950s. See Volume 49, Spring, 1853, Journal of Mines.

26San Bernardino Argus, May 28, 1873.

27Miscellaneous Records, A512, June 6, 1873.

28San Bernardino Guardian, June 29, 1873.


30See Tyler Diary, June 29th.

31San Bernardino Guardian, July 26th.

32Southern Pacific Historical Sketch (Bureau of News, 1933).

33Tyler Diary, p. 35.


35All the above information comes from the deeds themselves, as recorded in the San Bernardino County Recorder's Office (Hall of Records, Second Floor) in Books of Miscellaneous Records. They are given so completely because they will be challenged, misrepresented, litigated.

36Even if Barney Carter had bought Littlefield Lead out, they would be paid more by the Gold Mountain Mine Co. for clearing title (M488), March 1874.

37A cap-rock region later to be called "the Saragossa Thrust" by geologist Robert Guillot.

38Miscellaneous Records A550-551, December 1, 1873 - a Baird option signed to Baldwin and Curtis, December 10, 1873.

39The Ophir, owned by E. J. Baldwin. We are told in Glasscock's biography of "Lucky" Baldwin (New York, 1933), that "an old prospector he had once grubstaked had sent him word of a mine in Bear Valley that might interest him," p. 169. It had to be Garfield or Baird.

40Pat Higby, per the tax collector, had a law library, so might have been a well-versed man with whom to while away the winter.

41Deed M473, December 15, 1873, @ $10,000.

42Deed M488.

43Deed M473, December 15, 1873.

44San Bernardino Guardian. Did someone lose a decimal point?

45Miscellaneous Records, A564, January 7, 1874.

46Tyler Diary.

47February 18, 1874, per Boyd and Brown History. Deed O77, January 2, 1875.

48San Bernardino Weekly Argus, August 17, 1874.

49San Bernardino Guardian, January 31st.


51There were other claimants than Littlefield, and Barney and Charlie Carter from whom Baldwin had bought: Sam Barnum, Enoch Davis, Martin Anderson, R. A. Hester.

52C. B. Glasscock, "Lucky" Baldwin (A. L. Burt Co., New York, 1933), pp. 169-171.

53Per the May 30th Guardian, when it was erected.

54San Bernardino Guardian, February 21, 1874. Different than Haley's Mammoth Ledge.

55"John Bull Flat" per a 1953 Mining Journal.

56Shipping ore to San Francisco (Formerly Wilson, Holmes, McCurdy).

57April 28, 1874.

58"Gold, Silver, and History," a Laurence Jacobs copyright thesis (UCLA, 1962), p. 32. See Map Book I, p. 3.

59San Bernardino Guardian, May 30th. Why no Holcomb Valley plat.

60Ibid.

61Ibid.


63Los Angeles Evening Express, May 13, 1874.

64San Bernardino Guardian, June 13th.

65Patent B520 on SE 1/4, Section 5, T3S, R1E. Mortgage on Gilman-Akers mill.

66Tyler Diary.

67Charles B. Tyler remembered many a picnic under a big sugar pine at the Rose Canyon-Grass Valley Road junction.

68There was something about a paper that was lost. Caley would pay if they would show him the paper. They thought he had it.

69The Upper Old Mill was at P. E. Camp, now Pine View, per Denver Benson, Talmadge grandson who played there. In 1874 it was still on public land.

70Caley-Talmadge partnership agreement.

71Deed M569, May 21, 1874.

72San Bernardino Argus, August 31, 1874.

73San Bernardino Guardian, August 22nd.

74Ibid.

75Miscellaneous Records B17, August 11th.

76Water Records on company members around Baldwin Lake: A35, B15, B29, B30, B44, B45, B47.

77Miscellaneous Records B82, September 12th.

78San Bernardino Guardian, August 8th. L. D. Wilson, Holmes, McCurdy up to April 15, 1874, when they sold to Jess Youngquist at $10,000.

79Miscellaneous Records B47, October 22nd.

80San Bernardino Argus, September 21st.

81San Bernardino Guardian, September 13th.

82San Bernardino Guardian, October 1st, and Dunlap Valley is mentioned.

83San Bernardino Argus, August 31, 1874. Valley quail around Agua Mansa.

84San Bernardino Guardian, September 1st.

85Los Angeles Star, October 7th. Also Deed N224, November 6, 1874.

86Ibid.

87Deed N350, December 3, 1974.

88Tax Rolls, 1874-75.

89The weight of a forty-stamp mill would be 140,000 pounds.

90Per Guardian correspondent Hack Hurley, December 19th.

91Wilson and Taylor, the Southern Pacific; Roaring Story of a Fighting Railroad (McGraw-Hill 1952), p. 61, presenting casting their bullion in 700 pound cannon balls to outwit robbers, of which there were so many that Wells Fargo refused to run a stageline there. Caesar Meyerstein of San Bernardino hauled the first supplies 168 miles up the new road.

92Ibid. P. 61.

93Ibid. Pp. 61-62.

94Judge W. D. Frazee, San Bernardino County Climate and Resources, 1876. Also Belden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, April, May 11, 1852.

95Tyler Diary. Quigley was below Little Bear Creek Narrows per 1874 Tax Rolls.


97Wilson and Taylor, Roaring Story, p. 62.

98Southern Pacific Historical Sketch (Bureau of News, 1933), p. 37.

PART 3, CHAPTER 5

"GOLD WEIGHTS THE SCALE" Tyler Diary.

2Southern Pacific Historical Sketch (Bureau of News).

3Beattie, Heritage of the Valley, pp. 337-338; picture opposite, p. 295.

4Raymond Holt, "The Mountain They Put in Sacks," Westways Magazine, Vol. 50, No. 6 (June, 1858).

5San Bernardino Guardian, April and May advertisements and correspondence.

6San Bernardino Weekly Argus, May 3, 1875.

7January 4, 1875, he had sold back to the head of the Ralston Ring shares that had cost him $60 at $315, five million dollars worth. It might be fair to add that the acquisition of all the San Gabriel holdings except Santa Anita, purchased from Newmark, was his "luck" and another man's sorrow.

8Curtis had apparently been returned to Virginia City duties. It is possible that this James R. Keene was the mining engineer famed for San Francisco Mining Exchange transactions, who did occasionally work with Baldwin. Glasscock, "Lucky" Baldwin, p. 150 and p. 160.

9of March 20, 1875, Los Angeles Evening Express, March 21, 1875.

10San Bernardino Guardian, April 3, 1875,or Deed N330, November 19, 1874. According to Glascock, Baldwin never thought Gold Mountain was rich, just endlessly supplied with low grade ore. "Lucky" Baldwin, p. 171.

11Patent A269, 19.53 acres near the 2-3/10-11 corner of T2N, R2E.

121875 Tax Receipts.

13See also Miscellaneous Records B106, on the line between 31/32. The same area later owned by del Mars, Gardner and Griffin, then Pedley, then Hitchcock.


15Patent A176, May 3, 1875. All of Section 22, S 1/2 of Section 23, N 1/2 of Section 26, NE 1/4 of Section 27, T2N, R2E (Moonridge). Mr. Slauson was a Los Angeles banker and business man, perhaps owner of sheep.

16Deed O196 @ $9,375, March 22, 1875.


18Miscellaneous Records B94, April 30th.

19Tyler Diary.

20Miscellaneous Records B138, La Praix-Simon Jackson agreement, NW 1/4 Section 22, T2N, R3W @ $1600. Formerly Hunningers.

21However, he paid taxes on all of Section 15. It might be interesting to know that when it did sell, it carried the Southern Pacific name on the deed.

221875 Tax Rolls.

23Tyler Diary, Mary 27, 1875.

24San Bernardino Guardian, May 29th.

25Deed O408 to Garvey @ $1 - half; O406 to Thomas @ $10 - half. But Garvey sold his to C. C. Thomas at $1,000, Deed O404, June 15, 1875, and John Brown had received $1,000 for his interest in Valencia Mine.

26Mrs. Wozencraft, Mrs. Rousseau, H. Rolfe and John Brown Jr. were awarded $600 for a contested strip. Later he dealt with Henry Willis and Sydney Waite on the same issue.

27San Bernardino Guardian, May 15th.

28Ibid. June 12th.

29Frazee, San Bernardino County Climate and Resources, p. 51. A hundred miles, he said.

30Declared in 1879.

31Tyler Diary, June 4th. The sequel was learned in a 1955 interview with Louie

Colwell White, 85, and one of the sisters, and a summer resident at Strawberry Flat.

32Tyler Diary, July 4-6th.

33Irving Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, pp. 318-320.

34Glasscock, "Lucky" Baldwin, p. 150.

35Tyler Diary, September 17th; San Bernardino Guardian, September 20th.

36Ibid. October 10th, 11th, 12th; San Bernardino Guardian, October 19th.

37Possessory Claim B68, September 11, 1875; SE 1/4, Section 6, T2N, R4W.

38San Bernardino Argus, October 11th.


40Eliot Lord, The Drama of Virginia City, p. 84.


42Frazee, San Bernardino County Climate and Resources, p. 69.

PART 3, CHAPTER 6

"TIPPING BACK THE SCALE" San Bernardino Argus, January 8, 1876.

2Ibid.

3cf. Note 57, 1863.

4San Bernardino Argus, October 18th. We will hear of it.

5Tyler Diary, May 19th to 22nd, 1876.

6Interview with son Joseph Schermann, for years Fire Control Officer at Santa Ana.

7Tyler Diary, August 15, 1876.

8Ibid. August 27th.

9Frazee in the 1876 County Resources book says 40-60 teams were driving from the

five sawmills, bringing three million board feet of lumber to market.


11C. B. Glasscock, "Lucky" Baldwin, p. 197.

12On Greenwood. See also Mining Records 23-88, 23-91.

13Miscellaneous Records B191.

14 ibi. B199, October 10, 1876.

15San Bernardino Weekly Times-Index, April 16, 1878, accounting for sixteen idle months.

16Miscellaneous Records B306: Affidavit of James B. Cook, resident mining recorder. He claimed Gold Mountain Company to have gone bankrupt at this time, September 1876. There was rumor of a disagreement between Baldwin and Garvey, who claimed that Baldwin owed him money. Perhaps Baldwin would not pay for the Valencia Mine which he had Garvey buy. Glasscock, Baldwin's biographer, mentions it, with a different cause. Belden, History in the Making, May 16, 1954, tells a tale.

17Minutes, Board of Supervisors, November 13, 1876, p. 297.

18Irving Stone, Men to Match My Mountains, p. 373.

19Tyler Diary.

20Ibid.

21Book of Leases A99, November 8, 1876.


23Ibid. P. 382.

24Ibid. P. 299.

25San Bernardino Weekly Argus, March 28, 1877.

26Joe Tyler's diary never told it until it happened.

27Tyler Diary. Interview with Cassius Caley, son, Crestline resident in the 1950s.

28Tyler Diary, May 8, 1877.

29cf. Redlands Citrograph, May 2, 1893.

30Lease A108.

31Wilson and Taylor, Roaring Story of a Fighting Railroad, p. 64.

32Ibid. P. 62.

33Deed P555 from Reyes.

34Tyler Diary. "Baby Charley," possessor of the lifetime Tyler diaries, came up several times between 1955 and 1965 to point out locations, answer questions and name sawmill-family descendants who might be reached for an interview. After living with his father's diary for so long, I almost felt like a member of the family at his Baseline orange grove. He was my bridge to the past.

35Mortgages D117, March 1877, and G174, March, 1878. Caro kept the mill and would later buy the timberland - public, railroad or Avery's - on which he has cut.

36Present Cedar Pines Park.

37Affidavit of James B. Ook in a later proof-of-labor trial. Note 15.

38Book of Leases 108. M. S. Hall, with a mill at the head of Water Canyon, had sold out to George W. Scott, and is said to have lost $100,000 in this and two other pass projects. Hughes, History of Banning, pp. 17-18.

39Water Records: Charles Wooley, B234; Peter Thompson, B246; Welwood Murray, B243.


41Water Records A129.

42Ibid. A123.

43San Bernardino Weekly Times-Index, January 19, 1878.


45Water Records, March 2, 1878; Beall-Schermann Chattel Mortgage, A116, May 1, 1878.

46San Bernardino Weekly Times-Index, May 26, 1878.

47Ibid. April 16th.

48cf. notes 48 and 49. Sawdust vs. Gold dust. Later references are to eight patented and eight unpatented claims.

49Miscellaneous Records B302 and B306, a recopy of the Golden Horn, Golden Way, etc., relocations of Moonlight, Rainbow and Littlefield Mines by McMasters.

50San Bernardino Times-Index, May 17th.

51Ibid. July 13th.

52Ibid. May 11th.

53Ibid. May 25th.

54Ibid. July 23rd.

55Patent A366, SE 1/4, Section 18, T2N, R4W, June 20, 1878

56Per Deed U117, SE 1/4, Section 6, T2N, R4W.

57Deed U 191 @ $100, June 20, 1878.

58Weekly Times-Index, August 10, 1878.

59Ibid.

60In Autin Drake's Big Bear history, Legends and Tales (Grizzly Press, Big Bear, 1949), pp. 41-42, he seems to be telling the tale of George G. Lee, said by his family to have posted the Pencil Lead Mine before Waterman, which is not yet. He did locate a White Metal Mine and several others with whitish ore, and several years later Peter Forsee came with a party of pioneers to try to find George G. Lee's mine. (Miscellaneous Records A530 was the Lone Star Lode referred to, in the Arlington District, "3/4 of a mile east of a big white rock.")

61San Bernardino Weekly Times-Index, July 18th, August 10th, 1878.


63San Bernardino Weekly Times-Index, August 25th.

64Ibid. August 21st.


66Tyler Diary, August 23rd.

67Ibid. April 19th.

68From the Congregationalist Church downtown.

69San Bernardino Weekly Times-Index, August 15th.

70. . . and in vain. Guernsey biography, Luther A. Ingersoll, Century Annals of San Bernardino County (Los Angeles, 1904), p. 854. Tyler Diary, July 9, 1878.

71Ibid. June 9th.

72Weekly Times-Index, May 25th, June 8th.

73$30,000, it was later said. Hughes, History of Banning, p. 22.

74San Bernardino Times-Index, September 6-11th.

75Ibid. October 23rd.

76Tyler Diary, September 29, 1878.

77San Bernardino Times-Index, September 6th.

78Agreement B33, May 24, 1878.

79San Bernardino Times-Index, October 7, 1878.


81Miscellaneous Records, to be his if unredeemed in six months. Actually it was transferred back to Talmadge six years later.

82Fremont to Governor of Arizona.

PART 3, CHAPTER 7

"MORE WEIGHTS FOR THE SCALE" San Bernardino Times-Index, January 10, 1879.

2Ibid. February 11th.

3Tyler Diary, April 29th.

4Ibid.

5Ibid.

6San Bernardino Times-Index, June 14th.

7Ibid. July 29th.


9Ibid. May 15th.

10San Bernardino Times-Index, June 23rd, 1879.

11Ibid. May 20th.

12Per Ranger Bert Switzer, the mill was in the cienega above Camp Seeley entrance, off the end of present Valley of Enchantment. They bought S 1/2 Section 21 from Shea @ $500, S 1/2 of SE 1/4 Section 16 from Bickerstaff @ $125, $850 tract of "railroad land" from F. M. Hyde, and something from Sheldon Stoddrad for which they paid $3,600 and 13,000 feet of lumber.

13San Bernardino Times-Index, June 23rd.

14Tyler Diary

15The Times-Index carried three-quarters of a column describing the wedding festivities, August 2, 1879.

16Times-Index, September 20th, per the Wilson and Tyler Roaring Story of a Fighting Railroad book, p. 76, they are building between Gila Bend and Tucson.

17No possessory claim or patent or homestead was found for Sheldon Stoddrad on the mountain, yet he was there.

18Tyler Diary, September 3rd.

19Ibid. September 2nd.


21James Marshall, Santa Fe, The Railroad That Built an Empire (Random House, 1845), pp. 167-8, 180.

22Report of the State Agriculture Board, 1879.

23Belden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, May 11, 1952. Reminiscences of John Isaacs at the San Diego opening of the California Southern Railroad, November 15, 1885.

24Tyler Diary.

25San Bernardino Weekly Times, April 12, 1880.

26Deed 22-216; Tyler Diary, April 29, 1880.

27Agreement B276, "four miles north of Holcomb Gold Mill, on the north slope toward the desert."

28Mining Records, B413.

29Patent B560.

30There is another story that the Indian Agent shot an Indian on the Colorado Reservation; that his brother shot the Agent, and the Indians fled to the mountains when the soldiers came. In the trial the whole story, as quoted, came out.

31San Bernardino Weekly Times, May 22, 1880.

32For $8,000 worth, which did not come to trial for sixteen years.

33San Bernardino Weekly Times, August 14th.

34Ibid. July 3rd.

35Ibid. May 15th.

36Tyler Diary, June 27th.

37San Bernardino Weekly Times, July 10th. Patent B21.

38Some part of the property later Pinecrest, we think.

39San Bernardino Weekly Times, July 31st. Attachments.

40Ibid. May 15th.

41Edmund Jaeger, Desert Wildflowers (Stanford University Press, 1940-41). p. 253. Eventually Parish would go to the Oakland Herbarium (Outwest Magazine, March, 1906).

42Tyler Diary, July 7, 1880.

43Interviews with Mollie Tyler Bright and Don Tyler, children of the union.

44San Bernardino Weekly Times, September 8th.

45Tyler Diary.

46Tyler Diary, the last week of September.

471880 Tax Rolls.

48San Bernardino Weekly Times, December 2, 1880.

49One copy of Perris' report went to the state engineer, one was posted in Congressman Satterwhite's office, one went to the publisher of the San Bernardino Weekly Times.

50San Bernardino Weekly Times, October 16, 1880.

51Ibid. November 6th, favorably from J. C. Henly, English coal mine manager.

52San Bernardino Weekly Times, December 18th.

53Deed 23-200, October 2, 1880.

54Miscellaneous Records B632-633.

55San Bernardino Weekly Times, December 29th.


57i.e., the Barstow curve of the Mojave River. December 7-8th, 1880. Belden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, November 2, 1952.

58Ibid.

59Tyler Diary.

60Agreement B469, March 1881, San Bernardino Valley Index.

61Tyler Diary.

62Ibid.

63San Bernardino Valley Index, April 15, 1881. It was called "Strawberry Hill."

64Ibid. June 24th.

65Tyler Diary.

66Ibid.

67Land Patent C126: E 1/2 Section 20, W 1/2 Section 21, W 1/2 Section 16, T2N R4W.

68San Bernardino Valley Index, May 13, 1881. Water B666 is Blackburns' claim to 1,000 flowing inches of the Holcomb branch of the Mojave.

69San Francisco Daily Report quoted here. San Bernardino Valley Index, June 22, 1881.

70San Bernardino Valley Index, May 13, 1881.

71Ibid. June 3rd.

72Belden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, October 26, 1952; November 2, 1952.

73Ibid.

74San Bernardino Valley Index, August 26, 1881.

75Tyler Diary, July 21-24th. A compilation of facts and fancy.

76Tyler Diary, August.

77San Bernardino Valley Index. The title is one of courtesy, only, per a Westways biography.

78Tyler Diary, June.

79Deed Book 25, p. 491, in Sections 11-13, 2N 1E, @ $1,500. Of course he is non-titular holder of the 3,000 acres purchased by his brother-in-law, Thomas Fawcett.

80San Bernardino Valley Index, March 25th.

81Miscellaneous Records C156, 162, 164, 166, August 29, 1881.

82Miscellaneous Records C154, April 15th.

83San Bernardino Valley Index, September 30th.

84Ibid. April-July.

85Water Records A224.

86Ibid. A232.

87Joe Tyler moved to town and handled the lumber from the Snowline Yard: 58,000 @ $18-1/2; 330,000 @ $14 would have been $1,700 over the figure paid.

88Water A243, December, 1881. Later the Citrograph would tell of a Hubbard interest in this project, and of his turning to Harqua Hala Mine when he could not form a company.

89Belden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, July 6, 1952.

90San Bernardino Valley Index, July 15, 1881.

91Which the CSRR has bought and will lease back to the mine owners. Lease B457-B580.

92San Bernardino Valley Index, July-November.

93Ibid. April 22, 1881.

94Riverside Press and Horticulturist, December 3, 1881. L. M. Holt.

PART 3, CHAPTER 8

"NEW USES FOR MINERS' INCHES" Tyler Diary; Belden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, July 6, 1952.

2Southern Pacific Historical Sketch (Bureau of News); Riverside Press and Horticulturist, February 25, 1882.

3Riverside Press and Horticulturist, January 28, 1882.


5Colton Semi-Tropic, May 6, 1882.

6Riverside Press and Horticulturist, June 3rd.

7Ibid. January 14th; May 6th.

8Belden, History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, June 6, 1952. Redlands Map of 1882.

9Riverside Press and Horticulturist, January 21, 1882.

10Tyler Diary, May.

11Ibid. March

12San Bernardino Daily Times, June 13, 1882.

13Land Certificates 8256, 8341, 8360, referred to in Deed 88-213 when Archibald bought the land. Semi-Centennial columns in 1897 Index said "Hudson moved the mill down to Dark Cayon, and brought it back . . . "

14Tyler's Diary, October 12th, probably on NW 1/4 Section 28, T2N R3W.

15Big Bear Panorama, p. 65. Book of Brands (San Bernardino County Museum). I.S. brand granted to James Smart May 26, 1882.

16Glasscock, Lucky Baldwin, pp. 171, 175, 237; Fawcett-Baldwin Deed Book 35-307.

17Riverside Press and Horticulturist, April 1, 1882.

18Ibid. April 29th, June 17th.

19Ibid. July 23rd.

20Tyler Diary, June 3rd, 1882.

21Riverside Press and Horticulturist.

22Tyler Diary.

23Riverside Press and Horticulturist, June 10th, September 23rd, December 9th.


25Ibid. Janaury 27, 1883. The railroad blamed tramps; the public said, "niggardliness of help."

26Tyler Diary, February 7, 1883.

27Ibid. March 2nd to April 14th.

28Big Bear Panorama (Big Bear High School, 1934), p. 66; in November, James Boyd would say in a Press article, "early in May."

29Redlands Citrograph article - later.

30Big Bear Panorama, p. 66.

31Riverside Press and Horticulturist, June 9th, August 22nd.

32Water Records A311, June 15, 1883.

33Riverside Press and Horticulturist, June 30, 1883.

34Ibid. July 7th.

35Land Patent B285, February 10, 1883. SW 1/4 Section 24 T2N R3W, between Fern and Shake Creeks.

36Deed 34-177.

37Patent B297, August 30th.

38Mortgage 0569 when sold to Bennet and Shaver, predicted in Elliott's 1883 History of San Bernardino County, pp. 94-95.

39Tyler Diary, August 7th.

40Riverside Press and Horticulturist, August 11th; History in the Making, Sun-Telegram, May 11, 1952, Belden.

41A court decision of August 4th actually gave the California Southern the crossing privilege. She should not have had to fight for it.

42James Marshall, The Santa Fe, Railroad That Built an Empire, p. 171, August 8, 1883.

43Riverside Press and Horticulturist, August 30, 1883.

44Ibid. November 10, 1883. The report of James Boyd, Riverside, rancher and road builder, and sometimes special correspondent.

45Riverside Press and Horticulturist, November 10, 1883; also Scientific American, March 10, 1888. Slover Mountain Marble and Lime Quarry was producing fifty barrels daily, but nobody said whether it made Bear Valley Cement, or if this was shipped in.

46Riverside Press and Horticulturist, September 29, 1883.

47October 20, 1883. Clyde's lands were in SW 1/4 Section 2 T2N R5W.

48Riverside Press and Horticulturist, June 30th.

49Mines A328-331. The Lawshe, Moronga and Yellowjack.

50Riverside Press and Horticulturist, June 16, 1883; Water D21 for use on Section 16 and 17 T1N R1E.

51Ibid. August 4th.

52Ibid. July 21st, September 8th.

53See Lease Agreement, Smith-Darby, August 15, 1883.

54Deeds 34-446; Mortgage N165, August 23, 1883, N246: SE 1/4 of Section 21, SW 1/4 of Section 22, NW 1/4 of Section 28, 2N 3W. Crest Park and Down Canyon.

55Tyler Diary, September 23rd, 1883.

56Riverside Press and Horticulturist, October 6, 1883.

57Marshall, Santa Fe, the Railroad That Built an Empire, p. 171.

58Riverside Press and Horticulturist, October 6, 1883.

59Tyler Diary.

60Possessory Claim B110, Mountain Home Cy; September, 1883.

61Riverside Press and Horticulturist; Drake, Big Bear History, Legends, and Tales, p. 23.


63Water Records B36. There was no mention of Talmadge and Yager's earlier filing, but they were very careful to refile every sixty days all year.

64Los Angeles Daily Herald, January 5, 1884.

65Riverside Press and Horticulturist, February 23, 1884, when Simms came down.


67Riverside Press and Horticulturist, February 23rd.

68Tyler Diary.

69Riverside Press and Horticulturist, March 8th.

70Ibid. March 17th.

71Ibid. April 19th.

72Ibid. May 3rd.

73Ibid. June 7, 1884; there is a fuller account given August 30, 1884.

74Mortgage O569 $ $3,500, July 15, 1884, on N 1/2 Section 22, and 5 acres of Section 14, T2N R4W out of Huston Creek.

75The Snowline Mill on the northwest quarter of Section 28, Township 2 North, Range 3 West, i.e., Crest Park.

76Riverside Press and Horticulturist, June 14, 1884.

77Ibid. August 30th; September 6th. A complete story of the trip.

78

79

80Austin Drake, Big Bear Valley History, Legends, and Tales, picture #1, p. 21.

81Deed 50-369, March 15, 1884.

82They were filing together on springs for watering stock.

83Water B36, November, 1883. Its first name was "Duck Lake."

84

85Riverside Press and Horticulturist, July 12th, quoting San Bernardino Valley Index.


PART 3, CHAPTER 9

"STEAM WHISTLES IN CAJON PASS"1Press and Horticulturist, January 3, 1885; Mineral Records A 468, February 28, 1884.2Press and Horticulturist, May 14, 1885; Water Records B 235.

3Press and Horticulturist, February 9, 1885.

4Tyler Diary entry.

6The 1884 amount . . per Riverside Press and Horticulturist.

6Ibid. June 6, 1885.

7Ibid. June 20th.

8Water Records B 242, August 13th.

9San Bernardino Daily Times, June 6th.

10Tyler Diary, June 2nd, June 4th, 1885.

11Press and Horticulturist, June 6, 1885.

12Ibid. August 1st.

13Ibid.

14Tyler Diary, September. (The 1897 Centennial Times-Index would say that “Guernsey bought the old Metcalf-Schermann saw-rig and ran it two yeas before it burned.” . . Location, per pioneers – about the Edison Company’s Cottage Grove Substation.)

15Deed 39-621, February 3, 1885.

16Mining Records D356, January 15, 1885.

17Water records.

18Press and Horticulturist, August 29, 1885.

19Ibid.

20Ibid.


22Ibid. November 20, 1885. (John Isaacs’ “reminiscences of the occasion were given in the San Bernardino Sun of May 11, 1952, Burr Belden, History in the Making.

23Press and Horticulturist, November 23, 1885.


25Ibid. January and February, 1886, issues; also Riverside Tri-Weekly Times.

26Press and Horticulturist, February 20, 1886.


28Ibid.

29Riverside Tri-Weekly, April 26, 1886.

30. . . from a letter. Press and Horticulturist, March 13, 1886.

31Riverside Tri-Weekly, March 9, 1886.

32From letters of L. M. Holt to the Press and Horticulturist; quotes from Chicago newspapers.

33Redlands’ Citrograph, July 16, 1887 (first issue).

34Press and Horticulturist, April 17, 1886.

35Ibid. June 18, 1886.

36Tyler Diary, September 17, 1885 and May 18, 1886. Tax files for 1886 say that John Hook paid taxes on the whole west half of Section 24, East half of 23, in 14 the Southwest quarter, East half of Southeast quarter, and the North half of the North half on which there are buildings, and the Northwest quarter of the North half of 13: 1,120 acres.

37Ibid. February 13-16.

38Deed 43-639; Mortgage T10, January 6, 1886 – to Waterman. Strawberry Mill was that Van Slyke Mill used by Hudson and Taylor. Possibly Guernsey combined his Metcalf-Schermann rig with it.

39Deed 45-176, March 6, 1886; Porter-Seeley @ $4,000 (partly by trade for Highlands orange groves.)

40Chattel Mortgage B 72, December 26, 1885; Land patent applied for.

41The first partner was Stewart; E. A. Hall deed. 47-421, July 16, 1886.

42S ½ of S ½ of Section 18, T2N, R3W.

43Press and Horticulturist, May 21, 1886.

44Deed 46-528, Burcham - - Hesperia Company (for Deep Creek water).

45Deed 46-580, May 6, 1886.

46San Bernardino Courier, October 9, 1886; Mines, C182.

47Los Angeles Herald, April, 1886.

48Tyler Diary, May 11-27. This is the first mention of a county road on the mountain, although working out taxes, et cetera, has been told.

49Ibid. To break the high fever required day-and-night nursing for nearly a month.

50Charles B. Tyler consultation in Grass Valley.

51Joe Tyler Diary, August 1st and August 14th, 1886.

52Effie Morse Logan interview.

53Interviews with Denver Benson, San Bernardino, and Cash Caley, Crestline – both grandsons (1950’s).

54Colton Semi-Tropic, quoted by Press and Horticulturist, July 10th.

55Agreement G251, August 21, 1886, between Mojave Gravel Company and a Valley Gold Company, Ltd. that was to be formed in London within two months.

56Mining Records C200.

57One of the numerous ”sales,” which all revert to Richard Garvey. Deed 50-366 @ $20,000.

58Agreement F 232, July 15, 1886, and extended another year.

59Mines, C31, C36.

60Water B 353 is James Smart’s filing on the waste water from the first mine named Morongo, for use on his new cattle ranch.

61San Bernardino Daily Times, October 28, 1886.

62Press and Horticulturist, July 31, 1886.

63Ibid. June 12, 1886.

64Ibid. June 19th.

65Ibid.

66Redlands Citrograph, Issue One, July 16, 1887.

67Tyler Diary, September 20, 1886. (By September, 1887, there would be a Tyler-LaPraix deed to the California Marble and Lime Company of Colton – O. T. Dyer, President; W. S. Wilson, Secretary – who would acquire 1,680 acres of land in Sections 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, T2N, R4W, during the next two years. Mortgage 3-628, Pacific Mutual Insurance). 61-599 @ $2,000.

68Guernsey Insolvency Miscellaneous Records D 553. (Ed Farrell also had a claim as of January 6, 1887, which could have been the fire date – but he released it to Waterman for $10. Deed 56-550, June 3, 1887,)

69Per Guernsey Biography, Century Annals of San Bernardino County, Luther A. Ingersoll, p. 854 (1904). Insurance mortgage T 10 will be payable to Waterman. (One authority said Waterman had a mill on the mountain. This is as near as he got.)


717,200 Class A Certificates had been issued in October, 1886, each entitling the owner to one-seventh inch of water per acre.

72Tyler Diary, April 4, 1887. But not through the Darby and Lyman lands.

73Ibid. April.

74San Bernardino Valley Index, May 13, 1887.

75Reminiscences of Mollie Tyler Bright, 1956.

76Deed 71-11, December 28, 1887, is Van Slyke’s purchase of Ball’s half.

77Patent D113, April 28, 1887; SE ¼ of NW ¼ Section 10, T2N, R3W.

78Deed C124, January 29, 1887; SE ¼ of SE ¼ Section 19, T2N, R3W. (Palmer)

79Tyler Diary, September 6th.

80Appraised by Joe Tyler, F. M. Johnson, and Sam Rolfe at $62,842.62. A former will was used, the May, 1887 one not having the signature of witness, Charles H. Tyler.

81Valley Index.

82Application C302, August 10, 1887, granted December, 1888. (Knapp) S ½ of NE ¼ Section 22 and S ½ of NW ¼ Section 23, T2N, R4W.

83Deed 61-599, September 1887; Mortgage 3-625.

84Valley Index, June 24th.

85Los Angeles Herald, January 5, 1888. Hesperia flume.

86Agreement G251, August 21, 1886; Agreement G 258, February 14, 1887 between E. B. Holliday of San Francisco, acting president of Mojave Gravel Placer Company, and R. O. R. Russell of a forming London corporation.

87Redlands Citrograph, July 30, 1887.

88Mining Records: Hecla -- C418, May 2, 1887; Monarch -- C 415, May 2nd; Lookout -- C 531, June 6th; Pinon -- C530, August 15th.; Santa Fe -- C 537, September 5th.

89Redlands Citrograph, November 5, 1887.

90Mines C 438, June 10, 1887.

91Water C 100 and on: Hemlock, Willow, Monster, Loo, Crystal, Sweetwater, Wildrose, et cetera.

92Redlands Citrograph, October 1, 1887.

93Ibid. May 4, 1894.

94Ibid. September 3, 1887; (4,000 trout, the contract with W. H. Boyd specified.)

95Ibid. August 6, 1887, Correspondent Aileen.

96Ibid. July 23rd, September 10th.

97James Marshall, The Santa Fe, Railroad That Build An Empire, p. 191.

98Tyler Diary.

99Ibid.

100Deed 52-260, January 1887; 65-174, September, 1887; Agreement with Edwin Hart J 123, October, 1887.

PART 3, CHAPTER 10

"DREAMS OF MANNA FROM THE MOUNTAINS"

1Citrograph, February 18, 1888.

2Ibid. February 11, 1888: 3 standard guage lines, 3 motor lines, 4 streetcar lines.

3Ibid. February 4, 1888 – “East San Bernardino” contracted.

4Tyler Diary; Citrograph, April 21st and May 5th.

5Citrograph, February 4th


7San Bernardino Daily Times, May 14th.

8Citrograph, January 7, 1888, February 11th, March 3rd.

9Ibid. May 11th.10Hook Patent Applications – whenever applied for, were granted:

C628 – E ½ of Section 23, T2N, R3W, August 10, 1891NE ¼ of Section 13SW ¼ of Section 14

C638 - N ½ of NW ¼, Section 14 (Hospital Hill), May 10, 1891N ½ of NE ¼, Section 14, Section 14

D280 – W ½ of NW ¼, Section 24 (adjoining mill site) John Suverkrup, August 10, 1892.

11Mortgage Book 7-209.

12As you see they do not have all these lands for several years; they do pay taxes on the, beginning in 1889.

13Lease B 361.

14Citrograph Lumber article, November 24, 1888.

15of Henry Hudson, W ½ of Secion 24, T2N, R4Wof Henry Morse E ½ of Section 23; of J.F. Miller N ½ of NW ¼ Section 23;of Harrison Von Burkle NE ¼ of Section 26.

16Deed 80-231 (which would be on the west branch of Huston Creek, straight north of the Lake Gregory outfall.)* it could have been Hook Mill.

.17 . . or so they told the Daily Times. It was a year in materializing and proved to be only ten stamps.

18Water Records C416 – 417, Crystal Springs and Arctic Springs Mines C519, C520.

19Citrograph, September 1, 1888.* if silver is 1/15th of Gold value, it is over $2.00 an ounce; hence 90 x 2 or $180 assay per ton.

20Ibid. December 17th.

21Deed 74-280, April 19, 1888.

22Eighth Annual Mineral Report (i.e. 1888), p. 503.

23Mines E 196, December 8, 1888.

24Citrograph, June 30, 1888.


26Patent C 223, august Knight Jr., February 8, 1888: E ½ of SE ¼ Section 19, T2N, R1E/N ½ of N ½ of NW ¼ @ $320.

27Citrograph, May 5th.

28Ibid. May 26th. Mentone and Bear Valley Toll Road.

29Ibid. August 25th – from the letter of an Ontario newsman.

30The first use of the name in print; Matthew Lewis had given the appellation in honor of his English home, Seven Oaks.

31Citrograph, July 9th: “Screed from Seven Oaks.”

32Ibid. August 18th, letter, Mrs. F.G.

33Ibid. August 25th, comment of an Ontario newsman; see Miscellaneous Records E 551, giving Boyd fishing privileges for his work.

34Ibid. September 22nd.


36Ibid. December – Smiley trees.

37Ibid. --$Million funding by Severances (Muscupiabe).


39Ibid. February 6, 1889; San Bernardino Daily Times, Janaury 23, 1889.

40Citrograph, March 9, 1889, as projected by W.E. Brown and W.R. Palmer.

41Ibid. April 6th.

42Citrograph, March 9th: A. Harvey Hanson, C.M. Aitken, H.A. Nelson, and Ben Watrous. Deed 94-305.

43Citrograph, May 11th; runs, June 8th; hoax, June 29th.

44Ibid. March 23rd.

45San Bernardino Times-Index, July 19th: $250,000 and $25,000 from the state.

46Tyler Diary, February 6, 1889; February 18th; February 22nd.

47Citrograph references. We note that Waterman did not propose his own.

48Tyler Diary, April 20, 1889.

49Deed 89-139, November 28, 1888 @ $3,200 from Van Slyke; Mortgage 11-471 with Joe Brown Bank.

50Tyler Diary, My 16, 1889.

51Chattel Mortgage to Park and Lacey Foundry @ $2,431, July 5, 1889 – somewhere on the patch of land north of Lake Gregory bath houses.

52Citrograph, January 26, 1889.

53Ibid.

54Ibid. May 11th.

55Ibid.

56Ibid. April 20th; compare Note 17, Dreams of Manna.

57Mines H-155 to 159, Proof of Labor; Water C 586, C630.

58Water C 539, C546.

59Deed 105-254, September 20, 1889. Signed by Sir Thomas Clifford and Thomas Arrowsmith Megates.

60Miscellaneous Records, B360, Troy Placer Mine, McSwinney and O’Mara; cf. Mines 93-360, 1912)

61Mines F 32, March 14, 1889.

62Ninth Annual Mineral Report, 1889. San Bernardino Mountains, pp. 214-231. Crossman quoted assays at $5 - $110 per ton.

63Citrograph, May 11th; A. Harvey Hanson was a silent partner.

64Citrograph, August 17th; Mines F 662.

65Or he might have referred to Baird and Beall’s Mill.

66Citrograph, April 13, 1889. No document or lease is seen, however, with either Baldwin or Doble.

67San Bernardino Times-Index, August 12, 1889.


69Ibid. May 2, 1889.

70Ibid. June 1st.


72See Mines F 328 – F 340, Dr. W.P. Rice! Pedley was manager for Valley Gold Company, LTD.

73Quoted from San Bernardino Times-Index, of September 7, 1889.

74Rose and Effie, almost grown; 3 half-grown boys, 2 smaller girls, baby Fred; 2 older boys were out on their own. Interviews with Effie Smithson Campbell and Fred Smithson.

75Per tax files on Frank Binkley Possessory Claim, 1889; “E ½ of NE ¼ of Section 25 T2N, R4W, including 100 trees.” No lease to Smithson shows. Ten years later he would homestead it.

76Interviews with Maud Kuffel, Nellie Kuffel Grant, and Walter Kuffel in Skyforest.

771889 Tax Files.

78Colton Semi-Tropic.

79Hesperia Land and Water Company, James Breen: Water C 336, C 506.


81Tyler Diary.

82Citrograph, September 14, 1889.

83October 7th, 18th, 21st, 23rd.

84Tyler Diary, November 5th; “Blow, blow, blow every day from the North. Everybody is sick and tired of wind.”

85Ibid. October 20th


PART 3, CHAPTER 11

"YEAST FOR THE MANNA" Mr. Perkins is a candidate for the State Assembly in the fall.

2Eighteen water companies have been formed in the state, thus far, by the authorization of the Wright Act; nearly five and a half million dollars worth of bonds have been voted to pay for irrigation from them.

3Tyler Diary.

4San Bernardino Times-Index, February 8, 1890.

5Ibid. April 10th.

6Citrograph, April 9, 1890.

7Times-Index, May 6, 1890.


9San Bernardino Times-Index, March 18, 1890. Holt Editorial.

10As a visiting northern editor said was possible by judicious application of "water, muscle, brain, and coin." Redlands and Old San Bernardino had plenty of examples: Cram - $1,730 per acre; Morrison - $10 a tree.

11Eshelman and Flory, Alessandro agents, were Dunkards.

1210th Annual Mineral Report, p. 520: J. H. Crossman, Dr. Henry de Groot.

13Ibid. pp. 523-525.

14Ibid. p. 520.

15Mines J197 to J203, G. A. Metzgar: Swartz Point, Moonstone, Shellbark and Van Dusen - "3/4 mile each of Van Dusen Canyon, 1 1/2 miles from Saragossa Spring Camp."


17The Spoopendyke Mine, "1/2 mile southeast of the Haley-Osborne Mill."


1910th Annual Mineral Report, p. 525.

20Redlands Citrograph, November 9, 1889, ". . . with headquarters at a lovely spot under the mountains called Cushenbury." The assessor called it Cook's Possessory Claim.

21Kuffel would have to pay the state $200 within 60 days, and record the sale, F82 and F83, later Arrowhead Villas.

22Peter Guernsey, S 1/2 of NW 1/4, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, Section 14.

23Talmadge pictures from Berenice Talmadge Gray; interviews with Effie Morse Logan and Denver Benson.

24Grass Valley: Bluebonnet Spring, Brentwood curve behind #8 Golf Green. Charles B. Tyler.

25SW 1/4, Section 11, Range 4.

26Henry was out prospecting at Eagle Mountain.

27Impressions of the touring Times-Index editor, August 25, 1890.


29Ibid.

30San Bernardino Times-Index, May 12, 1890.

31Deed 114-339, May 1, 1890; Riverside Press, June, August.

32The Dexters - George, John and Greg.

33Riverside Press, June, 1890, and August, 1890.

34Times-Index, July 15th.

35Ibid. March 11, 1890, when J. G. Burt showed around a Michigan banker.

36Agreement N639, June 18, 1890; Deed 116-185, July 19, 1890.

37San Bernardino Times-Index, July 23rd.

38Ibid. May 26th.

39Ibid. August 9th. Pinetop Correspondent. This was, I think, the courting time for Gus Jr. and Nancy Clementine Henry. They married July 18, 1891.

40Metcalf Patent G77, November 13, 1889. Swarthout 1/4 Section 19, T2N, R1E/SE 1/4 Section 24, T2N, R1W. Knight Jr. Patent D145, same date, SE 1/4 Section 20, N 1/2 of Swarthout 1/4 R1E (Lake front).

41Deed C582, January 21, 1890.



44Thaddeus Lowe interview, February, 1955.

45Chattel Mortgage A60, Kuffel crops.

46San Bernardino Times-Index, August 15th.

47Thaddeus Lowe interview, February, 1955.

48San Bernardino Times-Index, August 2nd. Brown, North, F. P. Morrison, R. J. Waters, N. McAbee locally. Capitalization $400,000. Senator Graham of New Haven, Connecticut, President; Theo. Clark of Hartford, Connecticut and Redlands, Vice-President; E. P. Kitching of Boston, Massachusetts, Treasurer.

49San Bernardino Times-Index, October 11, 1890.


51Ibid. September 3rd.

52Open in April, 1890. It had 24 rooms, running water, call bells and speaking tubes.

53Interviews with Charles B. and Don Tyler, Highland, sons of the owners.

54Tyler Diary, November 11, 1890.

55San Bernardino Times-Index, October 21st to 25th; later, a Trades Carnival that J. B. said was the finest entertainment the town ever had.

56Times-Index, December 15, 1890.


58Ibid. July 22nd and November 6th.


60Ibid. October 21st, November 11th.


PART 3, CHAPTER 12

"FORCAST OF MANNA"

18911San Bernardino Times-Index. January. “The city has $64,000 worth of fences; the pound master is kept busy all the time catching stray stock”.

2Ibid.

3To each he granted free family-usage and the right to haul 30 cords of wood annually as Deed 241-51.

4John Metcalf, Gus Knight Jr., George Rathbun, Beard, Case, and James Smart (who has just patented NW 1/3 Section 20, T2N R1E –C582) have subscribed $10,0000. Times-Index, July 31, 1891.

5Memories of Shirley Bright, another surveyor-to-be.

6Times-Index.

7Tyler Diary.

8Suvurkrup’s first patent application (D280) was for the W ½ of NW ¼ of Sec. 24 T2N R3W, August 1892.

9Deeds: San Bernardino County Hall of Records. It is not generally known that these purchases were not all cash. James Fleming carried a $17,333 mortgage for several years.

10Gamble – with his brother-in-law, Proctor – a soap baron; Kilgour – merchant, head of a railroad and banking dynasty; Mooney – owner of tanneries, a coffin company, the Queen City Electric Company, and Mt. Adams Incline. During a visit to Pasadena in 1887 (per Margaret Smith Green and her mother who accompanied him) Mooney rode the ridges eastward to grayback, looking for possibilities for irrigation reservoirs – a then-fashionable investment. Adolph Wood, also of Cincinnati, was stepfather to Robinson J. Jones of Etiwanda who worked with Koebig in the water appropriation.

According to the August 17, 1901 Citrograph, it was L. M. Holt who went to Cincinnati and swayed the group to organize and make the million-dollar investment. (Holt and Frank Brown were enroute to England to re-capitalize the BVI.)

11San Bernardino Times-Index, June 13, 1891.

12Present Arrowhead Avenue.

13At the south end of Riverside, landscaped by James Boyd, roadmaster.

14Tyler Diary. June 18th, June 24th.

15Los Angeles Times, quoted here.

16San Bernardino Times-Index.. or “snatch-block and tackle”.

17The cost of the company road was listed as $50,000 (Times-Index April 1895)

18Water D96, July . . i.e. the Mill Fork of Plunge Creek, just east of the Enchanted Forest site.

19Times-Index, July 29th, October 8th.

20@ $2500 and $6000, respectively.

21Los Angeles Times, July 27, 1891.

22Ibid.

23Times-Index, May 15th.

24Ibid. August 7, 1891.

25Ibid. June 19th.

26Deed 145-93, August 13, 1891 to: W. S. Sweatt, D. A. Wheeler, A. J. Twogood, D.C. Twogood, K. D. Shugart, L. C. Waite, and John A. Simms.

2711 th Annual Mineral Report . Wm. H. Irelan Jr., state mineralogist: W. H. Storms, Field assistant. 12 th Annual Mineral Report . J. J. Crawford – p.245.

28Mines J108, May 31, 1891.

29Mines K35 and K77. Proof of Labor, 1891.

30Mines K50. Proof of Labor, 1891.

31Mines J393. Proof of Labor, January 12, 1892.

32According to Wm. Irelan Jr. in the 11 th Annual Mineral Report , they had the same problem as Rose Mine.33Los Angeles Times, August 4, 1891.


35Water D122 and on.

36Los Angeles Times, August 14th.

37Butler letter to Holt’s Orange Belt Weekly, January 2, 1892.

38Times-Index, San Bernardino, September 18, 1891, October 9th.

39San Bernardino Times-Index, September 20th; Citrograph, September 21st.

40Tyler Diary.

41“Rock Camp”

42San Bernardino Times-Index, September 15th.


44Tyler Diary June 28th, August 28th.

45Deed C298, June 1892: Doyle gives right-of-way for certain surveyors.

46San Bernardino Times-Index, September 4th, 1891.

47Ibid. Editorial, March 24, 1891.


49Redlands Citrograph, April 2, 1892.

"FORCAST OF MANNA"1892

1San Bernardino Times-Index, January 2, 1892.

2Redlands Citrograph, January 16th: opened April 11th by Mr. And Mrs. W. P. McIntosh who – with General S. S. Marlette and Wm. Tiffany – had brought water from the mountaintop to the Mentone development.

3Citrograph, March 12, 1892.

4Ibid. Between February 27th and July.

5Ibid. April 16th.

6An R. J. Waters comment in the Citrograph, July 1898. Taxes on the Alessandro ditches and pipelines neared $2000 in 1892.

7Soon it will be Clark’s Grade, for Hiram Clark has bought McHaney’s squatter rights on Deer Cienega: tax rolls, 1892

8San Bernardino Times-Index, February 5, 1892.

9Deed 150-32, February 12, 1892. The ARC purchased the north half of Section 10 T2N R3W from Henry Guernsey, and leased land for the outlet of Tunnel #1 and passage of a canal from it.

10Times-Index, March 20th. A truer story is usually told of grade when a road is to be supplanted. George M. Cooley called it 18% in August 1912 on his first demonstration trip with a White Truck; at a later time 22% was claimed for “Ford Hill”.

11San Bernardino Times-Index, March 20, 1892.

12Hook and Suvurkrup pay taxes on close to two sections; by August, patented.

13Times-Index, May 13th.

14Patent Deed E220, May 1892: SE ¼ of SE ¼ Section 20 T2N R3W. (The application must have been misplaced; it did not come back to him, signed, until 1896.)

15“Agua Fria”. See Tyler Diary, September 4, 1892 when Tyler oxen ate their potatoes.

16Mortgage Book B635 – C38, July 9, 1892.

17Times-Index, June 10th.

18Ibid.

19Per tax rolls: the Sugar Cone front, south from Running Springs School; also a half section immediately south of the new mill. (Section 6 T1N R2W)

20Citrograph, April 23rd.

21Deed E27. SW ¼ Section 22, 2N 2W.

22Citrograph, July 23rd.

231892 taxes.


25Ibid. July 16th; Citrograph, July 17th.

26Citrograph, June 4th.

27Times-Index, aprl 24, 1892.

28Citrograph, May 27, 1893.

291892 Tax Rolls. Sections 8, 10, 17, 20, 22, 24, 26, T1N 1W.

3011 th Annual Mineral Report , pp. 337-365.

31Proof of *800 labor – Mines J183, January 1893.

32Mines K50, February 1892; K196, January 1893.

33Mines J360. Proof of Labor.

34K35, January, 1892 Proof of Labor; K77 P.L. June 24, 1892.

35One thinks of the Frenchman who was Stebbins partner in Austin Drake’s ”Lost Van Dusen Mine” story in Big Bear History, Legends, and Tales, pp. 37-50.

36Mines K139, January 1893. Proof of Labor.

37Citrograph, October 22nd.

38Mines L222 January 18, 1892 “1 ¾ mile from James Miller’s cabin on SW ¼ Section 11 T2N R4W”. L254, adjoining; Wm. Knapp already had “the Blackjack” J186, a mile and a quarter north of his ranch.

39Citrograph, July 16th, July 30th.

40Tyler Diary, June 24th; Joe Tyler was one of the jury-appraisers. Deed C298, July 1, 1892, leased ARC the above strip for a year, and water from his shingle Mill near the Tollhouse.

41See Miscellaneous Records D187, May 21, 1892, a restatement of Frank Talmadge’s title to E ½ of Sec. 16.

42One might wonder if he had discovered that the decomposed granite of Little Bear Gorge will not lend itself to a safe masonry dam such as Big Bear has – or one might wonder if the originators of plans in both Little Bear and Big Bear were not restive under the autocracy of imported money.

43You will see his figures in 1893, pages 26-27.

44Los Angeles Times, December 17th.

45Yucaipa residents were most glad to at last have their barley and potato land legalized. One and all start getting five-acre tracts to orchards; Andrews Brothers, Wm. Sibley, Edward Dunlap, T. J. Wilson, Ed and Will Parish, Henry and Joe Wilshire, Childs Brothers, Mark Thomas; Joe, Henry and Reese Webster; Mrs. Van Leuven, Ike Meecham, Will Benson, Wm. Davis, Covington, and of course James Birch who already had seven acres of bearing orchard.

46Tyler Diary, August 6th.


48Charles B. Tyler interviews 1953-1964.

49Times-Index articles, September 13th, 1892.

50Tyler Diary.

51Citrograph, September 10th.

52Ibid. November 26th

53Quote from Los Angeles Express of December 10th. Hunting Library.*San Bernardino Daily Sun, February 20, 1927. Norman Henderson article on occasion of Mill Creek historical-plaque ceremony.

54Citrograph, October 29th.

55Mortgage Deed. For Cleveland Trust Company.

56Citrograph, December 3rd.

57Deed 171-290. October 4, 1892.

58Miscellaneous Records D273 and Deed 169-240.

59Citrograph, December 3, 1892.

"FORCAST OF MANNA"1893


2Chosen from four bidders: Citrograph, February 15. See Note 53-54.

3Ibid. June 3rd.

4Ibid. January 28th. It was over the best judgment of his directors. A five percent dividend was hereafter voted, the remainder going toward improvements.

5five other private cars stood on the Redlands siding: Citrograph, April 8th.

6Citrograph, January 28, 1893.

7Division date: May 9, 1893.

8Citrograph, March 18th.

9Ibid. August 5th. A thousand rabbits were killed in the drive.

10A June 2, 1894 Citrograph will refer to this date as the creation of San Bernardino Forest, December 20, 1892 as the allotment of San Gabriel Reserve. No date is given for Trabuco Reserve, the third of sixteen western reserves established this year, per July 20, 1893, Citrograph. Occasionally the date of April 2, 1894 is given for SBRF – the date on which settlers were notified to file prior claims.

11Adolph Wood Dedicates Harrison portrait.

12Cf. January 1912. Trial (regarding foundations).

13Times-Index, March 3rd.

14Ibid.

15Citrograph, April 29th, June 17th.

16Times-Index, June 23rd.

17Times-Index, March 3rd.

18Deed 177-261. N ½ Section 8 2N 3W from Bart Smithson and Sam Rolfe.

19Deed 175-147. March, 1893 to SE ¼ Section 22 2N 4W.

20Who signed for the pipeline.21Citrograph, March 18th, 28th.

22Ibid. May 6, 1893

23Ibid. April 8th , May 27th.

24Ibid. May 27th: article describing Seven Oaks.

25Ibid. June 24, 1893.

26Cf. Times-Index April 12, 1895 when the whole Victor Water project is reviewed.

27Chester W. Wright, Economic History of the United States. pp. 872-885 regarding the 1893 panic.

28Citrograph, July 8th.

29Daily Times-Index, February 15, 1895.

30Testimony in a Joseph Brown trail.

31Editorial: Citrograph, June 10th.

32Ibid. July 29, August 5, August 12, 1893.


34Riverside Daily Press, June 26th.

35Citrograph, July 29, August 5, August 12, 1893.


37November 13th a government edict came out freeing miners from the $100 labor requirement in ’93: Intent to work was sufficient. It was considered that more good prospects might be uncovered that way.

38San Bernardino Courier mining article quoted in the September 30th Citrograph.

39Per H 155, December 22, 1890; sheriff’s deed to J. M. Carter (88-380, 244-312).

4012 th Annual Mineral Report , J. J. Crawford, p. 233.

41San Bernardino Courier mining article. Citrograph, September 30th.

42Ibid.43(i.e. the Van Dusen, the Magnet, and the Green Meadow K292 proof of labor.)

44Deed 185-206.

45Crawford’s 1894 Mineral Report credits him with an “experimental mill built in 1893”. (See also January 1896, when offered for sale.)

46Riverside Daily Press, July 6, 1893.

47See Mines P305, Deed 202-88.

48Citrograph, July 22nd. The Morongo King Mining Company, Inc. comprises S.W. Allen, Judge J. L. Cambell, Banker W. S. Hooper of San Bernardino; W. S. Hathaway and C. O. Barker from Banning; Judge Wilson Hayes and J. B. Nanna from Colton; Livingstone, Hansen, and Martin.

49Mines N148, N264.


51Ibid. August 19th: Charles Button Trial for the murder of Gus Boehm, November 1, 1895.

52Times-Index, June 14, 1983.


54Ibid.


PART 3, CHAPTER 13

"DISSIPATING DREAMS"

1Times-Index, January 5, 1894.

2California Fruit Grower, March 24, 1894. Not Redlands fruit. She was very particular about what went out under her highly-reputed brand.

3Times-Index, January 5th, 1894.

4Ibid. February 2nd.

5Citrograph, January 20th.

6Mines N146, January 22, 1894.

7Citrograph, February and March: $20 from Missouri to the Pacific Coast.



10C. J. Perkins has declared bankruptcy, Citrograph, February 17, 1894.


12By now Morrison and A. G. Hubbard hold 3429 Class A shares.

13Citrograph, January 20th.

14Redlands Citrograph.

15Ibid. May 12th.

16Ibid. June 16th.

17Times-Index, April 14th. (The Pioneer Society questioned such a limitation of privilege.)

18Times-Index, August 6, 1894.


20He had come from Scotland to the Ukiah redwoods…then here on the recommendation of Sheldon Stoddard.

21Times-Index, August 3rd.

22Ibid: a quote of August 3rd.

23Ibid.

24Citrograph, July 21, 1894.

25Times-Index, August 30th.

26Daily Times-Index, July 27th.

27He had saved the Boyd and Ball sawmill from the December 1892 insolvency.

28Times-Index, August 28th. (From the Grass Valley Waterhead to Dark Canyon.)

2912 th Annual Mineral Report , p. 229.

30Mines S5 Proof of Labor (2500) plus a $5000 mill December, 1894. P101 January 1894.

31Citrograph, January 20th and June 9, 1894. (Two and a half tons per stamp was average; therefore 25 tones @ $16.)

32Ibid. July 14th; Mines 203-140.

3312 th Annual Mineral Report p. 325. Crawford (1894).

34Mines T377. 1894 Proof of Labor.

35Mines P305 Proof of Labor.

3612 th Annual Mineral Report , p. 232.

37Citrograph, September 3rd.

38Mines P387. 1894 Proof of Labor.

39A Captain Dick millsite is later shown in Saragossa Cienega, but Rowell cabins are down toward the Greenlead. The later would be Holcomb Creek …..?

40Citrograph, June 23rd.

4112 th Annual Mineral Report , p. 233. If they got $175 a cu. yd. as predicted in 1881, what expenses they could pay!

42Daily Times-Index, July 27, 1894.

43Citrograph, April 14th.

44Times-Index, September 7th – or in the new Democratic daily, the San Bernardino Sun, begun September 1st.

45Citrograph, October 13, 1894.

46Times-Index, October 22nd.

47Agreement C443, November 20, 1894.

48His count was given in the Spring round-up, June Times-Index.


50Times-Index of August 1, 1895 (from $17,000 to $6000).

51$75,000 per the Judgment Suit; references also in J.A. Graves, My Seventy Years in California. Times-Mirror Press. 1927.

52Such as Frank Talmadge’s Sawmill (Mortgages C598, D117, G174, N492) 54-214.

1895

1Johnson Precipitation Table.



4Circuit Court Suit in Los Angels February 11th.


6Ibid. June 14th … “hence the company name”.


8Southern California Historical Quarterly, June 1948, Martha A. Chickering.

9Citrograph, November 20, 1895.

10Weekly Times-Index, April 19th.

11Ibid. March 15th.

12Ibid. May 3rd.

13Both the ARC and Colton Cement wagons have tried it, and stopped after 189 cords.

14For a year they had found it too costly.

15Probably over a team of mules.

16Citrograph, July 6th.17Times-Index, August 1st: the S.M. Goddards, the Wrights, the Howard Smiths, the Jonas Wood’s, Edna Foy, Charlie Whitmore, Dr. Hutchinson.

18Published from August 9th to September 11th, most of it repeated in the Times-Index columns, Paula Lee Goddard, editor.

19July 22nd Judge Ross had decreed that Jo Brown must pay the $15,000 and submit papers for due business process. The ARC made an attempt to buy Talmadge Mill. When that failed, they took a second mortgage on Talmadge property.

20Ferncliff Rattler. TI.

21Citrograph, August 10th.

22A custom adopted from Frank Stockton’s Squirrel Inn book.

23Times-Index, May 27, 1895: Builder of that and others. N.A. Torstensen.

24Citrograph, June 22nd.

25Land Patent E100, March 1895: S ½ SE ¼ Section 22, T2N R3W.

26From Sissons Government Hatchery, through the post office department.




30Pears, apples, prunes, greengage plums. Ball – many of the same plus blackberries and vegetables.

31Seven Oaks letters: July 6th, August 10th, September 21st, October 5th.

32B. G. Holmes – one of the boys: Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake. Chatsworth, 1956, p.4. Per the Citrograph of July 20-August 3, 1895 – he was there.

33Deed 204-35. December 15, 1984.

34Citrograph, August 3, 1895.

35In March George Otis, P. P. Morrison, and H. H. Garstin bought a ten-acre plot in the NE ¼ of the SE ¼ of Section 19, T2N R1E from Gus Knight, Jr. and divided it.

36Citrograph, August 25th, October 5th; also Craford’s 13 th Annual Mineral Report, p. 319.


38Mines T377: Morongo Mining and Milling Co. Proof of Labor on the Christie.

39Mines T120. November 1895.

40Mines X93: $600 labor by Thame and Marchant.

41Times-Index, February 8, 1895.

42Mines V84 and V85.

43Citrograph, August 3rd.

44Crawford: 13 th Annual Mineral Report, p. 323.

45Citrograph, November 23rd.


47Mines X44 and X45.

48Redlands Daily Facts quoted in Citrograph, July 27th.


50A bill will come up in Congress in April of 1896.


52Ibid. November 2nd.

53Ibid. November 23rd.

PART 3, CHAPTER 14

"WEATHERING A FINANCIAL STORM"

The first use of anything but canvas tents, and suggested by F. C. Finkle. A "fog" of water was likewise mentioned.

2Times-Index, March 27, 1896.

3Citrograph.

4Burr Belden, History in the Making; Walter Kohl reminiscences, June 1, 1952. San Bernardino Sun-Telegram.


6Ibid. March 5th. Talmadge receivership.

7Ibid. August 21st.

8Ibid. May 29th.

9To quote a Cropley Stage ad for mountain tours. June 4, 1896.


11Ibid. July 17th. "My advertising," says George Cooley.

12Former proprietor of Baldwin's Hotel in San Francisco, and the promoter trying to "muscle in" in the Yellow Aster Mine in Randsburg. With a jug and a pen he had signed Burcham's two partners.

13Deeds 206-241. January 4, 1896.

14Deeds: Knight 227-113, April 29th; Metcalf 228-132 @ $900, June 4th.

15Mines U365 through U370, September 11, 1896. Tallac is his new Lake Tahoe hotel.

16Crawford, 13th Annual Report of Mines.

17Times-Index, September 7th.

18Op. cit. 16.

19Times-Index, June 28-July 17 (17 days on the road).

20Lease C302 @ $20,000. July 23, 1896.

21Times-Index, July 25th, property of A. M. Hamm.

22Op. cit. 16.

23Op. cit. 16 per J. J. Crawford.

24Deed 244-192.

25Deed 242-125.

26Crawford, 13th Annual Report of Mines; also Citrograph, November 9, 1895.

27Mines X246, August 27, 1896.

28Times-Index, July 17th. Visit of John Muir, Agasiz, Pinchot.


30Ibid. August 7th.

31Ibid. July 8th: Board $1 per day; $1.50 for cot on a board-floored tent, or $6 a week.

32Ingersoll: "Two miles north of Squirrel Inn," but possibly on the northwest quarter of Section 26 2N 4W. Franklin K. Van Ness, April 30, 1896. E262.

33Times-Index.


35Taxes 1896 on NW 1/4 Section 29 T2N R3W and NW 1/4 of NE 1/4.

36Times-Index, August 21st.


38Times-Index, September 25th, 1896.

39Ibid.

40See September 1897; at end of project.


42Jo Brown's poem, November 26th.

43Times-Index, February 19, 1897.


45Houghton Creamery.

46Times-Index, March 26, 1897. Less than the allowed 6% on a $700,000 investment per Mr. Spoor, BVI manager.

47Sinclair and Fisher, $198,500 each.

48Cf. Times-Index, April 1, 1899.

49Times-Index, February 19-May 28th.

50Ibid. May 21st.


52Ibid. May 21st, June 24th.

53Patent E225, Palmer SW 1/4 of SW 1/4 Section 20 2N 3W, applied for in 1892, not granted until 1896.

54From the reminiscences of Thaddeus Lowe. 1955.

55Ibid.

56Times-Index, July 23, 1897.


58Mr. B. F. Allen of Covina was Sueprvisor of Arizona and California south of the Tehachapis.

59$500 or twelve days was the penalty.

60John Calori was hurt there.

61Times-Index, October 1st.

62Mines 6-137, Otober 14, 1897. Dorothea Baird is named as an owner.

63Citrograph, May 21st.

64Times-Index, October 1st.

65Times-Index, September 16th.

66Miscellaneous Records L143, December 7, 1898 (on completion); K58, August 18, 1897.

67Times-Index, November 19, 1897.

68Ibid. Febarury 25th and April 15, 1898, on occasion of the lawsuit.


70Ibid. June 26, 1897.



73Ibid. October 21st.

74Southern California Historical Quarterly: June, 1948. "Founding of a Desert Community:" Martha A. Chickering.

PART 3, CHAPTER 15

"HARNESSING THE RAINDROPS" Approaching completion September 23, 1898, per Times-Index.


3Ibid. March 4th.

4Times-Index, January 14, 1898; Citrograph, July 2, 1898. He says on the appropriation it is for the benefit of Beaumont.



7Ibid. August 16th.

8Ibid. June 17, 1898, @ $525,000 from A. G. Hubbard, Cleveland agent.


10F. E. Brown letter, Times-Index, March 31, 1899.


12Arrowhead Reservoir Company option to buy of Guernsey right-of-way across NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, Section 26, 2N 4W. Guernsey-Van Ness deed 251-85, June 1898.

13Returned, July 2nd, Times-Index.



16Ibid. May 20th. "The first of Brookings."

17Ibid. July 29th. You hear this tale with other locations.


19Agreement C560, November 1, 1898.

20Times-Index, May 6-August 16th.

21Per John Hansen, who was one of the boys and has a picture.

22Times-Index, August 22nd.

23Southern California Quarterly, June 1948: "Founding of a Desert Community:" Martha A. Chickering. Also Burr Belden: History in the Making, June 16, 1957. San Bernardino Sun-Telegram.


25Cf. January 19, 1899, and January 27th, Daily Times-Index.

26Deed 244-312. January 10, 1898.

27Thaddeus Lowe, guest and later member, assured me in the only words a gentleman could use that Squirrel Inn "had every facility," so this may be literal.

28Interview with Doris Fishburn Akerman, child of the marriage, and owner of the house still.



31Ibid. October 1st.

32Times-Index, September 30, 1898.

33Citrograph, August 17, 1901. Letter of L. M. Holt.




37Ibid. March 31. I am sure there is a background for the name "Hunsaker Flats," but it has never showed up in deed or press.

38Times-Index, May 10, 1899.

39Citrograph, April 15, 1899; Times-Index, January 27th.

40Times-Index, April 21st.

41Westways Magazine: Hellman biography.

42Times-Index, April 21, 1899.

43Ibid. April 18th.

44Ibid. March 10th.

45Ibid. July 21st.

46Citrograph, June 3rd.



49Deed 270-109. Baldwin to De LaMar.


51Times-Index, May 24th; Citrograph, May 20th.


53Times-Index Sawmill Article, May 12, 1899.

54Patent F160 in Sections 21 and 24.


56Ibid. June 10th.

57From a cigar stump on Clark's Grade' above Skinners in Mountain Home Canyon; a hundred acres near Brookings Mill; in Little Bear Valley.



60Times-Index, July 21st.

61Ibid. August 4th.


63See Riversdie Daily Press, August 25, 1900.

64Times-Index, W5 Stephens Column.


66Deeds 270-262 $5000, August 5, 1899; Deeds 283-207, including $500 to Guernsey, $4500 to Wilson.

67As one did May 14th.


69Cf. Citrograph, Setpember 14, 1901. The mines are listed as: the Henry M., Mountain Chief, Mount Lillie, Baby Bess, Adaline, El Capitan, Hartwig, Rover, Queen of May, Valencia, Old Sam Central placer, Memphis placer, Anti-fat, and Rattler. When labor is declared there are in addition, the Oxnam, Happy Jack, and the Ace of Clubs.

70Citrograph, June 2nd, July 14th.

71Water G6 G28 G46 G89. January 1900.

72Water G5. January.

73Water G23. April 4, 1900.


75Mortgage C38 Gregory-Baker on the sawmill, December 7, 1900.


77Lukens had a $60 surplus that he used for seeds and seed-care. He asked campers to gather seeds for him.

78Interview with daughter, Gertrude Switzer Berry; daily talks with Bert and Sara Switzer at Twin Peaks Store and Post Office in 1930's.


80Frank Kuffel patented 158 acres in Section 26 in March 1899; F32 Adam Kuffel homesteaded 158 acres in Section 27, 1900 F68.


82Riverside Daily Press, august 6, 1900. Quote from San Bernardino Sun. Files of San Bernardino papers are very skimpy 1900-1902.

83Riverside Daily Press, August 25, 1900.

84Homesteads: Rogers F72, October 4th; Smithson F61, October 12th. So far as papers show he first leased the East half of the northeast quarter of Section 25, 2N 3W, from Frank Binkley after 1889. This adds the east half of the southeast quarter and some lands in Section 30 across the road.

85San Bernardino Evening Transcript, August 24th, September 3rd.

86Times-Index, July 21st.

87Ibid. August 4th.

88Citrograph, February 20, 1901, at trial.


90Riverside Daily Press, July 24th; Citrograph, October 6, 1900.

91Citrograph, September 22nd, November 3rd. Postmaster C. L. Metzgar.

92Citrograph. Knight's Golden Era Mine Property, Inc., @ $350,000.


94Ibid.

95Deed 289-82. December 27, 1900.

PART 3, CHAPTER 16

"STARTING THE ENGINE"

Daily Times-Index, February 15, 1901.





6Times-Index, February 4, 1901: parts of nine townships.

7Riverside Daily Press, September 22, 1900.

8California Historical Quarterly, June 1948: "Founding of a Desert Community:" Martha A. Chickering.

9Citrograph, September 14, 1901: Account of letter by C. S. Porter to the Los Angeles Mining Review regarding Gold Mountain and Rose Mine.

10Interview with John Dexter. Drake said "the brave Anna Crain." I do not know his source of information.



12See note 9.

14Deed 352-394 dated April 7, 1901, and not recorded until December 30, 1904. Told in Citrograph, March 18.

15Daily Times-Index, June 25th.

16Water Records G108. August 28, 1901. 10,000 inches.

17Henry Green Powerhouse site in Waterman Canyon. Forestry. February 15, 1901.

18Daily Times-Index, April 22nd; Citrograph, July 13. Drivers are: Russell Roberts, C. J. Daley, George Clyde, Frank Barker, Billy Martin, M. E. Bermudas, J. D. Watson, John Huff, J. G. Nish, R. F. Short, John Talmadge, C. A. Lamb, Chas. Goss. Also willing: Will Talmadge, Jack Weeks, Alex Wisom, Chas. Wixom, Jack West, Will Rathbun, Ben Hawes, Bud Hawes.


20Ibid.

21Interview with Gertrude Switzer Berry.

22Daily Times-Index.


24Patent F385, paralleling Smithson's Ranch.

25Daily Times-Index, June 22nd.


27Daily Times-Index, February 19, 1901.

28Ibid. July 20th and succeeding issues.


30Ibid. Quoting from a biography of L. M. Holt.

31Deed F72. September 15, 1901.

32Citrograph, September 7th, August 10th.

33San Bernardino Evening Transcript, March 31, 1902.

34Ibid. Description. September 22, 1902.

35Newlands (of Nevada) Bill. June 17, 1902.

36By Judge Ross in Circuit Court. January 25th, February 8th.

37Obligations are the Cleveland mortgage and monies due Hubbard, Fisher, et al. San Bernardino Transcript, July 23, 1902.

38Citrograph, april 12, 1902.

39Ibid. March 22nd.

40San Bernardino Evening Transcript, March 17th.



43San Bernardino Evening Transcript, June 26th. They will absorb Lytle Creek and be Edison Electric Company after Setpember 1st. Transcript, September 1, 1902.


45Ibid.

46Ibid. June 6, 1902.

47Interviews with Miss Maud Kuffel and Mrs. Grant, daughters. 1958.

48Per Gertrude Switzer Berry.

49San Bernardino Evening Transcript, July 23rd.

50Miscellaneous Records O233, March 27, 1902.

51Gus Sr. Deed 253-292, April 19, 1902. Nancy Deed 316-357, May 31, 1902.

52San Bernardino Evening Transcript, August 12, 1902.

53Mining Records Book 22-471 and 472. May 1902. In Section 32 R1E. Signers: Tom Stewart, J. R. Metcalf, J. D. Spargo, John McFee, Ed Dolch, Jim Johnston and G. W. Rose.

54San Bernardino Evening Transcript, July 14, 1902. I suspect Matheson did Lucky Bill Hoisting Works.

55Mines 32-198. Book 32 records Proof of Labor for 1902-03 mine ownership.

56San Bernardino Evening Transcript, September 28th.

57Deed 339-105 @ $1500. August 20, 1902.

58Miscellaneous Records R172, R175, September 29, 1902.

59North half of Section 17 and three-quarters of Section 18 @ $4000. Deed 310-96.

60San Bernardino Evening Transcript, August 20th.

61Miscellaneous Records N242. November 21, 1902.

62San Bernardino Evening Transcript. Index. February 6, 1903.

63E. C. Sterling, who also built a mansion in Redlands.

64Double that of 1902.


66San Bernardino Transcript-Index, July 16, 1903.

67Ibid. Letters of William Stephen. May and June.

68Ibid. July 22nd.

69San Bernardino Transcript, July 24, 1903.

70Ibid. July 29th. Per William Stephen, correspondent.

71120 acres in Section 20 from Olive Byrne, formerly Flanagan's Deed 335-110.

72Miscellaneous Records R173. September 21, 1903. Deed 336-333 to 640 acres.

73There were eighty-five camped.


75San Bernardino Transcript, August 7. Gulielmus letter.

76Citrograph, March 28th.

77Ibid. May 7 and May 23rd, 1903.

78Ibid.

79Ibid.

80Citrograph, May 9, 1903. General Agent A. S. Selig, H. I. Chatfield, F. W. Balfour and J. S. Brown.

81San Bernardino Transcript, July 14, 1903. San Antonio L & P. had claimed transmission of 10,000 volts in 1892. Holt: Westways, March 1957.

82He issued citations to the Kavanaugh boys and Milton Vale: "fire arms" and "fire danger."

83Citrograph, June 20th, quoted from Riverside Enterprise.

84Filling the bottlet with a portion of dry lime, then water; corking, and tossing into a pool where it exploded.

85San Bernardino Transcript, July 11th.

86Miscellaneous Records O97. Brookings-Heap contract for ten years privilege on NE 1/4 Section 25 2N 3W (his homestead). One camp was known as "Chicago," still marked by a spring on the Helen-Dade Road; one as "Washerwoman's Flats" per Switzers.

87Personal memoirs of Sara Switzer 1935-1940.

88San Bernardino Transcript, July 1, 1903.


90Mines 35-39. In the southwest quarter of Section 29, 3N 1E. July 22nd.

91San Bernardino Transcript, July 1, 1903. Gaylord-Taylor have a Mammoth Mine there (34-313).

92Mines 32-198 and 199 Proof of Labor.

93Ibid. 32-165, 168, 341, 344.

94Ibid. 32-203.

95Citrograph, August 29th. Later shown to be Dentist Nathaniel Kuns.

96San Bernardino Transcript, August 30th.



99San Bernardino Transcript, December 2nd.

100Chappel-Chase Nursery Mortgage C337. April 1903.

101Lawsuit. (Cf. Times-Index, September 20, 1904.)

102San Bernardino Transcript, December 2, 1903.


104Of which $60,000 was repaid by insurance. Daily Times-Index, Jnauary 4, 1904.

105San Bernardino Transcript, December 4th and 5th.

106San Bernardino Times-Index, April 10, 1904.

107Per John Hansen, Tyler son-in-law. Frequent guest.

108Daily Times-Index, January 4, 1904: Gulielmus letter (Stephen's pen-name).

109Times-Index, July 29th. George Dexter interview 1935.

110Sometimes called the Prairie Flat Station, an early location for the Scherman-Metcalf Mill. Gertrude Switzer Berry interview (Arrowhead Villas arch).

111Citrograph, April 30, 1904.

112Ibid. March 26th.

113Ibid. April 30th.

114San Bernardino Times-Index, May 20th.

115Camp #2 (about Troy Beach).

116Camp #1 (on the present Batson grounds enclosed with a bamboo fence).

117San Bernardino Daily Times-Index, May 10, 1904.

118Shown by San Bernardino County Assessor's Rolls: 1904-1905.

119Ibid.

120Ibid.

121To James Stocker. Deed 356-306.

122Powerhouse guards at installations. Mentone litigation.

123Mines 39-70.

124Mines 39-141.

125Mines 34-29.

126Mines 37-359.

127Mines 37-421 and 37-350.

128Tax Rolls 1904-1905. $449. It may be seen also that Valley Gold Co., Ltd., paid on ten placers and mill machinery. Pedley paid on patented land in Section 31 3N 1E. Another taxpayer, surprisingly, was W. L. Palmer, paying on the Olio, San Bernardino and Mammoth ledges.

129Mines 32-44.

130San Bernardino Times-Index, July 19, 1904.

131Mines 40-214 and 37-23.

132San Bernardino Times-Index, July 19, 1904.

133Ibid. May 20th, October 18th.

134Deed 430-384. July 12, 1904. In Section 25, T2N R4W, E 1/2 of NE 1/4; NE 1/4 of SE 1/4 (120) acres @ $4500; plus $4000 to Henry Guernsey for his timber lease. Citrograph, July 16th.



137Times-Index, August 23rd; Stephen, correspondent. He did not say that the ten acres of the Pioneer campground was the only part of the Gregory-Guernsey lumber barony kept by Guernsey in the break-up. Deeds 349-200 and 354-311.


139Ibid. August 1st. Lightning death on Grayback.




143Deed 354-311. June 13, 1905.

144San Bernardino Times-Index, September 1st. Gulielmus column.

145September 20, 1904, purchase of Waterman land; November 20th, building.

146The cliff regions south of Running Springs School; forutnately not logged.

147Citrograph, May 7th. Receipts from Public Land sales have been twenty-nine million dollars in two years.

148Citrograph, April 23rd, May 28th, July 30th, October 8th, December 23rd.

149Federal Agent Campbell's quotation of Agriculture Secretary Maxwell's letter.

150Col. Wm. Vestal, a new arrival, newsman and politician from Indiana.


152Ibid. December 3rd.

153Times-Index, October 27th; Citrograph, December 3rd.

PART 4, CHAPTER 1

"ROARING PROGRESS" San Bernardino Sun, April 16th and May 7, 1905. From Vulcan Ironworks, Wilkesbarre, Pa.

2San Bernardino Sun, May 12 and August 1, 1905.

3ARC vs. Francisca A. Jessurun, who wanted $100 per acre. She was paid $14,000, less than $45 per acre. Nothing was awarded holder of the second mortgage, Jo Brown, or to Frank Talmadge, who had only owed $3500 in the first place.

4San Bernardino Sun, May 17, 1905.

5San Bernardino Sun, July 19th.

6Ibid. July 25th. Severance, Vale, Dorman and Baylis held out, so the Board learned.

7San Bernardino Sun, April 6th.

8Deed 354-311. June 13, 1905. @ $10 (thirty day option on 2000 acres).

9Guernsey-McDougall Deed 359-339 on NE 1/4 Section 28, etc.

10See San Bernardino Sun, September 28th, when the cook came down.

11Deed 377-142. May 20, 1905, not recorded until May 12, 1906: G. W. Nuels and J. F. Redhead sixty shares each; C. C. Ames and W. L. Olmstead fifty-five shares each caseh; A. Gregory seventy shares paid up. The Oak Lumber Mill and the Huston Creek Mill balance each other in valuation.

12San Bernardino Sun, May 15, 1905. Midnight ceremony.

13"Near the Island" per Thaddeus Lowe, hunter and fisherman here.

14San Bernardino Sun, June 1, 1905. May 25, 1905, was the first shovelful.

15Ibid. July 19th.

16San Bernardino Sun, August 11, 1905.

17Ibid. October 20th. Fierro, near Barrel Springs.

18Ibid. November 17th. Deed 306-206. August 15, 1905; Returned October 4th. Deed 372-51.

19Ibid. August 11th. With Northrups, Patterson, Feeney and Blackburn. Mines 37-421.

20Mines 47-75.

21Mines 40-251. One mile northwest of Wilbur's Cabin, Upper Holcomb.

22Mines 44-121, et al.: Grand Rapids, Portland, Old Guvnor, Mt. Mineral Key, Rosebud, DeLaMar Duplicate, Black Metal, McDuff.

23Mines 36-253.

24George Dexter interview 1935.

25San Bernardino Sun, August 19th and 29th, 1905.


27Ibid. June 27th; July 6th-8th, the Chicago run.

28$40,000 worth on August 10th. San Bernardino Sun.

29April 6th, September 8th, October 17th per newspaper mention. Perhaps as a counter action there will be a Benjamin Leiser and Charles Bradshaw who, on October 28, 1905, locate a Bedrock Mining placer (37-428) in the southwest quarter of Section 18, 3N 3W, across the mouth of Deep Creek, which they will sell to the Arrowhead Reservoir Company. They Arrowhead Reservoir Company seems to have its own suspicions.

30September 8, 1905.

31Interview with Frank Mooney, 1958.

32San Bernardino Sun, August 31st.


34San Bernardino Sun, October 25, 1905.

35George Dexter memoirs.

36Recorded in San Bernardino, January 31, 1906. $1,560,000 of holdings are increased to a $6,000,000 stock issue.

37Once Frank Mooney checked in Gamble's own office for some record of James A. Gamble's investment in the Arrowhead Reservoir Company or the Arrowhead Reservoir and Power Company and found one loan of $60,000. It could be true for it was aJames E. Mooney's way to have "a front" for his operations. They say he paid every bill.

38A memory of Margaret Smith Green (Mrs. Perry).

39San Bernardino Sun, March 13, 1906. Five thousand inches was also running out of the Tunnel #1 pipies under the Gatehouse.

40San Bernardino Sun, June 21, 1906.

41Ibid. May 16, June 13, 1906.

42Ibid. May 26, 1906; Citrograph, June 2, 1906.


44Ibid. July 24th.

45Ibid. August 31st. Each stockholder paid in $800 except Reverend Neff @ $400. Guernseys have $1600 in the corporation.

46The road block was cleared by July 4th.

47The nickname for Camp Lincoln after so many teamsters had camped. Per George

Dexter, the flat main street of Crestline.

48San Bernardino Sun, September 23rd.

49William Stephen's columns from July 18th through August and September.

50San Bernardino Sun, August 8th completion.

51The spools of inch-and-a-quarter steel cable to be installed have already arrived, on a flat car that they broke through in transit. San Bernardino Sun, September 2, 1906. Toward Spring, they say, twnety-three tons, 17,000 feet that will have to be cut in four pieces for hauling.

52Thaddeus Lowe interview at Highlowe Farm, 1955.

53Memories of Margaret Smith Green.

54Purchased on June 20, 1906, per the Los Angeles Times, along with other lines for a belt route in Southern California.

55San Bernardino Sun, September 18, 1906.

56Ibid. June 28th. City fathers wired Washington, to no avail.

57Evening Index, September 1, 1906. @ $50,000.

58Deed 369-246. He asks to work the earth they excavate.

59Water Applications H-11. It spoke of a 160 foot dam to be construct4ed near the southeast corner of Section 13, T3N R4W, and a 36 square foot tunnel that would carry the water through the mountain to San Bernardino Valley.

60Water Application H-22, June 29, 1906, arranged for a fifty foot diversion dam on the East Fork of the Mojave, 2080 feet northeast of the southwest corner of Section 17, T3N R3W, i.e., the deep basin near the foot of today's Arrowhead-Hesperia Road, and a tunnel to the Reservoir on the West Fork.



63Ibid. August 3rd; he had a "reverts if not used" clause in the deed.

64San Bernardino Sun, July 28th. Which subsequently drew $2700 for the job.

65Los Angeles Times, May 24, 1906.

66San Bernardino Sun, August 7th.


68Ibid. September 15, 1906. Quoting Redlands Facts.

69Deeds 394-396, 377-314.

70Citrograph, February 6, 1906; fallen through February 17th.

71Deed 370-207. Signed by order of the Court. @ $8500.

72Per Albert Wells, Seeley grandson.

73Deed 370-327. July 5, 1906. @ $15,000.


75Ibid. April 21st. Said to have been $35,000-$40,000 a month.

76Ibid. November 3rd.

77Citrograph, August 25, 1906. Nearly complete November 3rd.

78Ibid. May 19, 1906.

79San Bernardino Sun, October 3rd.


81Deed 370-146. February 15, 1906. Agreement of the stockholders.

82Deed 382-77 to Tuthill-Cheney. July 1906; 397-235 to Gregory. November 17th.



85San Bernardino Sun, September 20th.

86Ibid. September 28th, Octobger 5th, from the Los Angeles Index.


88San Bernardino Sun, October 21st. The doomsayers.

89Ibid. October 14th; Citrograph, October 20th.


91San Bernardino Sun, November 2nd.

92Water Records H45. December 5, 1906. San Bernardino Sun, December 6th.

93San Bernardino Sun, December 6, 1906.

94San Bernardino Daily Times-Index, January 18, 1907.


96Ibid. January 4, 1907, February 9, 1907.

97Ibid. January 26, 1907, March 23, 1907.


99Daily Index, January 5, 1907.

100Citrograph, March 9, 1907.

101Daily Index, March 6th.

102Ibid. March 23rd.

103Daily Times-Index, April 17, 1907.


105Evening Index, June 11, 1907.

106George Dexter, A. A. Dexter, Peck brothers, Frank Baca, A. J. McGinnis, R. E. Imhoff and J. J. Foster.

107Per John Dexter: the cap-rocks were rolled up a plank from a wagon.

108Evening Index, August 23, 1907: W. S. column.

109Which reason Dr. Baylis declared in later years.

110Per John Dexter: 2000 feet due north from Cedar Pines Store, on the site of teacher Joan White's hilltop home.

111Evening Index, June 26, 1907.

112Ibid. July 4th.

113San Bernardino Sun, July 23, 1907.


115@ $4500 County expense.




119Ibid. June 22nd.

120Reverend Fields of Redlands was too busy soliciting funds for a new Baptist College Redlands was to get.

121Evening Index, June 28th, 1907.


123Ibid. W S. columns: July - August.

124Evening Index, July 4th.

125Citrograph, August 3rd.

126Daily Times-Index, August 10th: the origination of a placename still used. It was the site of the first Caley Company Bear Valley Sawmill.


128Daily Times-Index, May 28th.

129Evening Index, June 28th. This was challenged by George Miller.

130Daily Times-Index, December 17th: Lytle Creek and Converse Flats.


132Daily Times-Index, August 12th.

133Highland Messenger, July 17, 1907.

134Evening Index, October 1, 1907.


136It is a question whether an exchange was ever effected. They did not cut the front, but it continued in their ownership until Dade Davis bought from them in the 1920s.

137Evening Index, October 15, 1907.


139It had been reported in the Citrograph of June 1, 1907.

140Evening Index, October 17, 1907, quoted from Riverside Press.



143Citrograph, June 1st.

144Evening Times Index, July 10, 1907.

145Mines.

146Now "Terrace Springs" on the map.

147Mines 60-231 Proof of Labor. May 1907. Unruhs, you recall, were his first wife's nephews.

148Mines 60-272.

149Mines 59-157 Proof of Labor. December 31, 1907.

150Daily Times-Index, August 23, 1907.


152Daily Times-Index, August 10th, September 2nd.

153Ibid. July 22nd.

154Daily Times-Index, September 5, 1907.

155Frank Mooney, nephew of the builder, wrote in a resume once: "All that the Incline ever hauled was 5000 pounds of cement and Baylis' crop of apples."


PART 4, CHAPTER 2

"KNOCKS IN THE MOTOR"

Daily Times-Index, February 13, 1908.

2Ibid. February 14, 1908. To the 5000 foot level on City Creek; Chambers-Scott party.

3Ibid. February 8, 1908; April 27, 1908.


5Ibid. May 23, 1908.


7Daily Times-Index, January 10, April 27, 1908.


9Highland Messenger, June 6, 1908.

10Ibid.

11Ibid.

12Daily Times-Index, May 28, 1908.

13San Bernardino Daily Sun, August 4, 1908.

14San Bernardino Sun, August 20, 1908. Surely nicknamed by someone familiar with Cincinnati.



17Highland Messenger, June 6, 1908, and thereafter.

18Memories of Albert Wells, Seely grandson.

19Highland Messenger, May 8, 1908.


21Ibid. June 6, 1908.

22Ibid. April 18, 1908. Deed 404-282, November 21, 1907: S 1/2 of SW 1/4 Section 20; lots in Section 19 2N 1E.

23San Bernardino Sun, July 11, 1908. One-third of the $11,500 at Edison expense.

24Ibid. July 30, 1908.

25Citrograph, May 9, 1908; July 4, 1908. A $600 tram.

26Ibid. January 25, 1908. Presumably of Charles Martin. Not verified by deed.

27Ibid. June 13th.

28Ibid. February 15th. Storm of November 7, 1907.



31Ibid.

32Daily Times-Index, June 27, 1908.

33Ibid. July 8th.


35Ibid. July 5th.

36Some brought by A. S. Drew in his Oldsmobile, they say later.


38Mojave Land and Water filing H248-251-260. July 1908. A Mojave Land Water and Power Company will be incorporated in Sacramento, which is rumored as taking over Westwater interests: Sun, October 21, 1908. Another source said Westwater interests had been discouraged by the shake of an earthquake.

39The Verde Ranch.




43Ibid. August 22nd.

44William Stephen: Sun columns, August and September.

45San Bernardino Sun, November 3, 1908.

46Ibid. July 24th.

47Ibid. August 6th.






53One of its original discoverers, now taking Starbird's place.


55Redlands Daily Facts, December 28, 1908. John Bull Flats mine.

56Los Angeles Express quoted October 27, 1908.

57San Bernardino Sun, November 10, 1908.

PART 4, CHAPTER 3

"LOW GEAR FORWARD" San Bernardino Sun, March 21, 1909.




5Ibid. April 11, April 29, 1909.

6Ibid. May 2, 1909.


8Ibid. January 6, 1909. Also Water H166 and Deed 451-6 when he sold to the AR&P.

9There were no recorded deeds to prove it . . . for two years.



12See application maps at Burnt Mill Ranger Station. 1909.


14Interview with Fred Jeken 1955.

15Redlands Daily Facts, February 5, 1909. In presenting his Bill, Senator Willis spoke of an amalgamation of forest reserves in 1908.

16Gifford Pinchot, head of the National Forests, is a Yale graduate with post-graduate work in France.

17San Bernardino Sun, April 20th, May 21, July 31, August 3rd.


19Ibid. August 2nd. A composite.

20Ibid. August 24th. W. S. column. Helen Baylis and Nora Parker are among them.

21Ibid.

22San Bernardino Sun, August 10th. "Arrocrest" say Messrs. Herb and Ed Suvurkrup, 1968. "At the east end of Fleming Drive" say 1909 papers.

23Information and color from my first interview with Pioneer families, 1953-54: Shirley and Mollie Tyler Bright, one of my bridges into the past.

24Interview with Max Green.

25San Bernardino Sun, about July 10th; ceremony at Pinecrest barbecue.


27Ibid. June 15, 1909.

28Per Harry Welton, employee at the time. Interviewed 1968.


30Redlands Daily Facts, April 15, 1909.

31Ibid. January 21st. Delinquency March 9th.

32Big Bear Panorama: Big Bear High School, 1934: pp. 67-68 (August-November).

33Deed 430-398. August 25, 1909. Named in addition to NW 1/4 Section 6 T2N R2E were the Gold Mountain Group of mines: Rainbow, Moonlight, Central, Ace of Diamonds, Ace of Hearts, Oxnam, King of Diamonds, and Ace of Spades.

34Deeds 390-391. January 29, 1908, i.e., to Rex Mining Corporation.

35Per taxes on SE 1/4 Section 35 T3N R1E.

36Proof of Labor Mines: 57-274 (1908); 57-462 (1909).

37Mines 57-433, 66-261 and 68-220, 61-127, 63-415 and 64-486. Later they will call this region northwest of Texas Springs "Eagle City."

38San Bernardino Sun, February 20, 1909. [Not documented, however. Edt.]

39Mines 78-113, 78-163.

40Mines 57-368. December 9, 1909. Proof of Labor. Forestry maps show Wright Mine.


42Ibid.

43Ibid. April 2, 1909. October 9th.

44San Bernardino Sun, May 28th, August 24th.


46Water of Sugar Pine Mountain Spring H243 (May) for mining, milling and domestic uses. Desert King Mine (57-377) T2N R5W. In a year or two he will have a Cleghorn Mining Company.

47San Bernardino Sun, November 7, 1909. Correspondent William Stephen wrote that Suvurkrup Mill had ceased for the season, but that Joe Dempsey and Opie were still hauling.

48Interview with Max and Perry Green.

49San Bernardino Sun, November 23rd.

50Ibid. October 22nd.

51Accounting for the "Old Mill Road" off Emerald Drive, per Max Green's picture, memories of Suvurkrup brothers, and John Dexter, who later bought the mill.

52From the Max and Perry Green interview, 1957.

53Redlands Daily Facts, January 3, 1910.

54Ibid. January 1, 1910; San Bernardino Sun, January 3 and February 1, 1910.

55San Bernardino Sun, January 8, 1910.


57San Bernardino Sun, February 1, 1910.

58Ibid. April 8th; Redlands Daily Facts, April 7th . . . @ $80.000.


60Redlands Daily Facts, April 26th.

61Ibid.


63Ibid. April 30th.

64Ibid. April 27th.

65Ibid. May 6, 1910.

66Ibid.

67Since Fall he has bought all Joe Bright's teams.


69Ibid. May 15, 1910.

70Ibid. May 20, 1910.

71Deed 463-232. May 31, 1910. Drew said later that he refused to repair at his own expense. Sun, June 10th.


73Ibid. August 3rd.

74Ibid. June 17th. Effective July 1, 1910.


76Daily Times-Index. W. S. columns. July-September.

77Ibid. July 10th and 23rd.

78The giant specimen of which a slice now stands in front of Strawberry Flats Masonic Hall.

79San Bernardino Daily Times-Index, August 3, 1910.


81Memories of Max Green, associated with the mountains from 1909 as commissary clerk, later as stage driver and owner for many years.

82Ibid.

83Daily Times-Index, July 26, August 14th.

84Times quoted are from the Index, details from Heyser's letter, above.

85Big Bear Panorama, Big Bear High School, p. 36. To $135,000, they say.


87Early purchasers from Metcalf.

88Redlands Daily Facts, November 5th: her ad for a new job.

89Deed 451-356. March 24, 1910. The SE 1/4 Section 24, NE 1/4 Section 25, R1W, twenty acres south of Glass in Section 19 and N 1/2 of NE 1/4 Section 15 R1E (at the tip of the lake); a half interest in 200 acres of Section 20 (with George Miller) excepting lots sold to above (east of Knickerbocker, south of Smart).



92Redlands Daily Facts, November 19, 1910.

93Mines 81-129. May 16, 1910. (81-120 to 130 locates each of the mines.)


95Mines 90-66; Water from Burnt Flat Spring H244.

96Mines 78-235 and on, March 12, 1910.


98Max Green; Frank Mooney interview.

99Index, September 20, 1910.


101Palmer-Lowe & Dobbins Deed.

102Memories of Thaddeus Lowe. He said teamsters were going down through the place "just anywhere."



105Ibid. October 17th; according to Herb and Ed Suvurkrup: the Lakebrook hilltop.


107Redlands Daily Facts, November 9th and 14th.



110Kate Collivan Harvey was an adoptee of Skinners.

111Redlands Daily Facts, December 21, 1910.

112Ibid. December 23rd.


114Permits filed in the Burnt Mill Ranger Station, signed by Bert Switzer and F. J. Kerr. This January 4, 1911, application was, it says, a refiling of one made February 15, 1901. A letter of January 20, 1911, says AR&P filed amended maps on February 25, 1910, of the West Fork Reservoir site.

115Daily Times-Index, March 31, 1911.

116Ibid.

117Ibid. April 23, 1911.

118Ibid. W. S. column.

119Ibid. March 31, 1911, May 14th.

120Index, May 14, 1911. According to the Redlands Daily Facts, she has just finished playing "The Rejuvenation of Aunt Mary" on the Wyatt stage.


122Ibid. June 12th, July 3rd.

123Water Records H301. May 2, 1911.


125Redlands Daily Facts, June 15th.

126Ibid. July 1, 1911.

127Ibid. March 17, July 1st, 1911.

128Ibid. February 10th. Lawrence Emerson Nelson, Ph.D.: Only One Redlands, (Redlands, 1963).

129Ibid. March 11th: showed at Grand Theatre, Redlands.

130Ibid. July 22nd; also quote from San Bernardino Sun.

131Daily Times-Index.

132Rim of the World Guide: Ferris N. Scott. Santa Ana, 1952. p. 33.


134Evening Index, July 25th: Andresen, Kohl, Perris, Drew, et al.


136Ibid. July 27th.

137Memories of Gertrude Switzer Berry.

138San Bernardino Sun, July 29th. Supt. Jeken and Doughty were the rangers.

139Fire Fiend Has Burned Itself Out (Index); Mountain Fire Seems Under Control (Sun).

140Daily Times-Index, July 31st.

141Ibid. August 1st; in the Sun Dr. Baylis said the South Park Lodge windows melted.

142Redlands Daily Facts, August 1st; among the sightseers: John and Olive Fisher, Miss Haver, John Gill, et al.

143Daily Times-Index, August 1st.

144Thaddeus Lowe was an eye-witness.

145From Max and Perry Green, who said they were responsible for the flambeaus that kept the fire out of Grass Valley.

146Daily Times-Index, August 2nd, 1911.

147San Bernardino Sun, August 1st and 2nd.

148Daily Times-Index, August 3rd.

149Ibid.

150Ibid.


152Redlands Daily Facts, August 28, 1911; Baylis water-fire organization; September 12th, Tri-County skeleton plan.

153Ibid.

154Ibid. August 14.


156Ibid.

157Redlands Daily Facts, August 14th.


159Redlands Daily Facts, August 14th. Daily Times-Index, August 9, 1911. John H. Fisher and wife and W. H. Glass owned the resort in the interim.


161Redlands Daily Facts, August 13, 19, September 1, 1911.



164Miscellaneous Records U59, U76.

165Sun, October 13, 1912. At a cost of $150,000. January 21, 1912, tells Hesperia's alarm at Appleton deed.

166Lawsuit, January 4, 1912. They laid the pipe by night. They had, of course, long ago bought the water right from the former owner of the land.

PART 4, CHAPTER 4

"ROAD BLOCK" San Bernardino Sun, February 2, 1912.

2Ibid. May 5, 1912

3Ibid. March 2, 1912. Part of it twelve miles westward, some Oro Grande; 1000 in Apple Valley.



6"Companion company" may not be the word; in six months Hot Springs Company will be suing Cold Springs Company for assumption of the name. The Sun of July 16th has first mention.

7Deed 519-30. August 6, 1912.

8San Bernardino Daily Sun, August 1st.


10Ibid. August 3rd.

11Evening Index, August 10, 1912.

12Suvurkrup sons remembered that the "hog venture" lasted a little over a year. They had to haul feed to them.

13San Bernardino Sun, August 20-August 29th.


15Ibid. July 21st; Evening Index, August 16th.

16Testimony of Mrs. E. P. Crafts. June 3, 1913. Redlands Daily Facts.





21San Bernardino Sun, March 2, 1912. He was hauling hay from Victorville.

22As he had predicted when he bought it.

23Miscellaneous Records U278. January 13, 1912.




27San Bernardino Sun, October 18th.

28Redlands Daily Facts, February 12, April 24, 1913.



31Ibid. January 1, 1913: "Founding of a Desert Community," Martha A. Chickering, Historical Society Quarterly, June 1948.


33Perry Green memory.

34Evening Index, August 27th W. S. column.




38San Bernardino Daily Sun, October 8, 1912.


40Ibid. May 31, 1913. When written up in Outlook Magazine.


PART 4, CHAPTER 5

"DECADE OF WAITING"

(Pages 293 through 308)

San Bernardino Sun, January 9, 1913. 2Ibid.

3Redlands Daily Facts, March 4, 1913.

4San Bernardino Sun, January 31, 1913; Deed 523-111. March 13, 1913, from John and Olive Fisher to the Pine Knot Company @ $10: NE 1/4 of NE 1/4 of Section 19 T2N R1E except eight parcels (two of them split) sold to several builders.


6Times-Index, January 27, 28, 29, 1913.

7Redlands Daily Facts, April 10th.

8Ibid. April 14th, 1913.


10Ibid. May 12, 1913.

11Redlands Daily Facts, April 29, 1913; San Bernardino Sun, July 3, 1913. Shirley Bright survey.

12History in the Making, Burr Belden. Sun Telegram, November 29, 1953.

13Ibid.

14Redlands Daily Facts, June 24, 1913.

15Ibid. June 17th.

16Ibid. June 26, 1913.

17Deed 528-23. April 8, 1913. @ $13,000: 680 acres. See note 37 - Low Gear Forward.


19Ibid. June 21, 1913.

20History in the Making, Burr Belden. Sun Telegram, November 29, 1953.

21Redlands Daily Facts, July 10, 1913.

22It was quoted both ways in the news, March 4th. No further mention appeared in the papers all summer. August 3 Sun tells of Mojave ranchers petition to the government.



25Report of Perry Green, resident engineer.


27Report of Perry Green, resident engineer.


29History in the Making, Burr Belden. Sun Telegram, November 19, 1961. An article in Desert Magazine, March, 1962, dates it as in June 1913.

30Deed 538-290. August 6, 1913.

31Redlands Daily Facts, August 1, 1913.

32Ibid. April 22, 1913.




36Interview with Lee Kemp 1969.

37Redlands Daily Facts, December 18, 1913.

38Ibid. November 11; December 17, 1913.

39Redlands Daily Facts, January 8, 1914: paper by Judge Hutton.

40Ibid.

41Ibid. March 14, 1914; San Bernardino Sun of same date.

42Only One Redlands, Lawrence Emerson Nelson, Ph.D. (Redlands 1963) p. 220. "Call of the North" from Stewart Edward White's Conjuror's House was copyrighted August 14, 1914; shown in San Bernardino, September 25th.

43Redlands Daily Facts, March 24, 1914; there was rivalry as to which car drove closest to Pine Knot.

44Redlands Daily Facts, March 27, 1914.

45Deeds specifying no Negroes, Indians or Chinese, and no liquor sales ranged from November to February. Twenty owners paid 1915 taxes.


473484 acres @ $8.80 per acre. Redlands Daily Facts, March 27, 1914. Deed 548-20.

48San Bernardino Sun, April 12, 1914.

49Ibid. March 11, 1914.

50Ibid. July 18, 1914.

51Witness John Dexter, February 14th, celebrating his 22nd birthday there.

52San Bernardino Sun, W. S. column: August 4, 1914. Information from "Goldie" Nichols who in a few years heired the job and held it for forty years.

53Ibid. March 3rd, March 8th.

54San Bernardino Sun, July 11, 1914. Covered also in May "Touring Topics."



57Several times William Stephen has spoken hotly about people taking: "this federal outing ground -- this national park." March 15th Sun spoke of Wixom's and Thompson's homesteads. March 31st the staking of Strawberry Flat Summer Home Tract began.

58He says. By mid-July he was building, per W. S. column in the Sun.


60Ibid. August 4th.

61Ibid. July 19th.




65Ibid. July 12th. W. S. column.


67Would that I knew which verses! Delivered September 15, 1914.


69Ibid.

70Ibid.

71San Bernardino Sun, January 5, 1915. W. S. column.


73Ibid.

74Ibid. April 13, 1915.


76San Bernardino Sun, February 24, 1915; re. cats Redlands Daily Facts, May 5, 1915. The story is Frank Mooney's. Interview, 1960.

77San Bernardino Sun, March 25, 1915.

78Ibid. March 31st.

79San Bernardino Sun, January 3, 1915; open April 18, 1915.

80Ibid. March 14, 1915.

81Ibid. March 27, 1915.

82Ibid. May 6th.

83Ibid. May 7th.

84Redlands Daily Facts, May 5, 1915.

85San Bernardino Sun, May 12th.

86See San Bernardino Sun, January 9, 1916.

87San Bernardino Daily Sun, May 8th.

88Redlands Daily Facts, May 14th.

89Ibid. June 8th.

90Ibid. June 12, 1915.

91Ibid. May 19th.

92Ibid. July 1st - staged in five at a time.

93Ibid. May 19th.

94Ibid. May 26th, 1915; June 26th, when the road was open weekends.

95San Bernardino Sun, June 9th.




99April 18, 1915, had been the first use of the name. April 25th Dr. Baileys used it in a Pincers ad for his $15 a week cabins, for his hotel rooms with board $3 to $4 a day.

100San Bernardino Sun, May 30th, 1915.

101Ibid. June 18, 1915; W. S. column.

102Ibid. May 30th.

103Ibid. June 1st. 104Ibid. June 10th.

105Ibid. June 10th; Redlands Daily Facts, July 10th. To open August 1st.

106San Bernardino Sun, July 20th, 1915.

107Ibid.

108Ibid. June 26th; endorsed July 11th.

109Tax Assessor's rolls 1915.

110Ibid.

111San Bernardino Sun, August 18, 1914; Tax Rolls 1915. As for mines: a new index of locators and proof of labor is made every two years.


113Ibid.

114Ibid.

115San Bernardino Sun, August 18, 1914; Tax Rolls 1915. As for mines: a new index of locators and proof of labor is made every two years.


117Ibid.

118Ibid.

119Ibid.

120Ibid.

121Redlands Daily Facts, June 18, 1915.


123Ibid. September 3rd. Showed in San Bernardino January 10, 1916.

124"Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake," B. G. Holmes. "God's Country and the Woman" will be copyrighted April 15, 1916, shown in July of 1916. His tale of the tourist taking shelter from the rain, lighting a fire in the false fireplace and burning up the set would be an addition to this. 125Redlands Daily Facts, September 18, 1915.


127$8000 loss per Redlands Daily Facts, September 4, 1915.


129Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes, p. 6; also San Bernardino Sun, January 7, 1916.




133Ibid.

134Ibid. February 23rd.

135Ibid. February 13th to June 13th.


137Ibid. May 2nd.


139Ibid. February 23rd. Supervisors offered $5000 to help. Edison put in $7500 and the work of 150 men. June 16th the Supervisors withdrew their pledge: the road would not be up to County standards.

140Per July 5th San Bernardino Sun. Authorized.

141On July 6, July 16 and September 12th, Rex Goodwill spoke strongly on why and how they deserved help on building a mountain road.

142San Bernardino Daily Sun, June 27, 1916.

143Ibid. July 23rd.

144S 1/2 of NW 1/2 Section 13 T2N R4W: Deed L17.

PART 4, CHAPTER 5

"DECADE OF WAITING"


San Bernardino Sun.

2Ibid. June 11th. J27 Water application says he is on SE 1/4 of NE 1/4 Section 30 T2N R3W. Water application made March 14, 1914. A tall redwood tree today centers the Southern California Edison Company's Rim Forest Service Center.

3San Bernardino Sun, March 8th, July 14th.

4Ibid. July 6th. Under the trees east of Our Lady of the Lake Catholic Church; per daughter, Ruth Dowling Chapman.

5Ibid. May 30th.

6Ibid. July 17th.

7Ibid. June 25th.


9Ibid. June 7, 1916.

10Ibid. June 17th interview; for July 30th, Los Angeles Times.

11Ibid. June 4th.

12Ibid. July 16th.

13Ibid. August 3rd.

14Ibid. August 5th.

15Ibid. May 20th.

16They were all right at a July 17th planting. January 13, 1917, Sun told of 107,000 dumped, and the closing.


18Map Book 20, page 37. Part of the SW 1/4 Section 13 and NW 1/4 Section 24, surveyed August 1916. Henry Fisher's land, partly Bear Valley Mutual (Garstin signing). Shows Sawmill Cove and road to Stillwater Cove (T2N R4W).

19Book 20-39; surveyed by Isaac Ford September 1916. Property of Bear Valley Development Company, north of the lake, west of Grout Bay.

20book 20-25; surveyed by Isaac Ford October 1916; I.S. Ranch (SE 1/4 R1W Section 24) owned by John W. and Frank Leslie Talmadge.

21Book 20, page 26; NE 1/2 Section 24 R1W owned by Henry Fisher. Surveyed by Isaac Ford November 1913.

22Book 20, page 19. Surveyed by Isaac Ford November 1916. Cline-Miller subdivision. Ne 1/4 of SE 1/4 Section 19 2N 1E; owners: A. G. Kendall, L. C. Brand, W. G. Hunt, Will Keller.

23Deed 602-135. November 6, 1916.

24Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes, p. 1.

25She stopped at son Frank's Strawberry cabin en route, august 14th Sun: W. S. column.

26San Bernardino Sun, April 3, 1917. Memory of John and Mable Dexter.

27Ibid.


29San Bernardino Sun, January 3, 1917: Hearing before Supervisors.

30Ibid.

31Ibid.

32Ibid. February 6th and 10th, 1917.

33Ibid. March 11, 1917.

34Ibid. February 10th; April 18th.

35San Bernardino Sun, March 15, 1917.

36Ibid. March 17th.

37Ibid. March 19th.

38Ibid. April 6th.

39Mrs. Jeanette Phillips and Max Green ran the company - not so confidently without Perry in the garage. Max Green interview.

40Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes, pp. 12-13.

41Redlands Daily Facts, May 15, 1917.

42Ibid. May 19th.

43Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes, p. 14. February.


45Redlands Daily Facts, June 20th; Herbert Clark from the Country Club catered Bristol Cafe.

46Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes, pp. 17-18.


48San Bernardino Sun, June 10th.

49Shown in 1917 Assessor's books.

50Ibid.

51Ibid.

52Ibid.


54Shown in 1917 Assessor's books.

55Redlands Daily Facts, May 29th.

56Ibid. June 6th.

57Ibid. June 5th.

58Redlands Daily Facts, June 25th. Wm. H. Bristol, reporter.


60San Bernardino Sun, May 31, 1917. August 14th accepted by State Highway.



63Ibid. July 9, 1917. The founder was Mrs. Orville W. Jones of Los Angeles, new cabin builder.

64Ibid. June 30, 1917.

65Where is still is, living here permanently after 1932.

66San Bernardino Sun, August 21, 1917. Only a stone's throw from where Bert Switzer will be in 1919.

67Ibid. June 20th.

68Ibid. August 9th.

69Redlands Daily Facts, August 20th.

70Ibid. June 4th.


72Ibid. June 4th.

73Ibid. June 25th; also John Dexter reference to its building from Baylis' burnt trees, and much Elk card-playing there.

74Ibid. June 7, 1917.

75Ibid. June 25th.

76April 21, 1917, the day of his son's birth. He was glad of the $25.

77San Bernardino Sun, June 25th; September 9th.

78Griffin sold his store to Tom Dexter when he had to go to service.


80Ibid. March 27, 1917.

81Ibid. August 3rd.

8282iid. October 22, 1917.

83Redlands Daily Facts, September 11, 1917.


85Ibid.


87Riverside Daily Press, December 5th and 11th, 1917, Annual Meeting.

88Riverside Daily Press, December 18, 1917 and January 19, 1918.



91Ibid. January 23rd.

92Riverside Daily Press, January 17, 1918.

93Ibid. February 22nd.

94Ibid. Spring Issues.



97Ibid. July 2nd.

98Redlands Review, July 16th. When Fisher sells his 'cabin,' August 12, 1922, it is spoken of as a $60,000 one.

99Ibid. July 15th, 1918.

100Ibid. July 2nd; San Bernardino Sun, August 11th.

101Ibid. September 22nd. Told when shown at the theatre.

102Redlands Review, July 15th; San Bernardino Sun, August 13th.



105San Bernardino Sun, April 21, 1918.

106Mohave.

107Oxnam-Hulme deed.

108Reference of September 1922 will say that he has run it two years at a $4 a ton profit.

10927th Annual Mineral Report, Walter Bradley, 1931.

110Riverside Daily Press, December 10 and 18, 1917.

111San Bernardino Daily Sun, August 18, 1918.

112San Bernardino Evening Index, July 13, 1919.



115Ibid. July 21st.

116Ibid. July 24th.

117August 6, 1918, per San Bernardino Evening Index of June 14, 1919.

118Ibid.

119San Bernardino Sun, July 4, 1918. There exists a legend around Lake Arrowhead that the "stroke" was a bullet; that Parley Heap strapped on a gunbelt and went around talking to witnesses - saying nothing would bring her back, that it would be better for all if her death was listed as apoplexy. The truth - I know not.

120Redlands Review, August 10, 1918.

121San Bernardino Evening Index, May 18, 1919.

122Learned on one of many interviews with John Dexter.


124San Bernardino Evening Index, April 1, June 16 and July 4th, 1919.

125May 1919 Touring Topics had a complete history of the road written by William H. Bristol; so did the May 18th San Bernardino Evening Index.



128Ibid. May 11, 1919.

129Ibid. May 12 and June 28, 1919.

130Ibid. April 26 and May 9th.

131Ibid. June 15th.

132Ibid. June 14, 1919.

133San Bernardino Evening Index, June 28th, 1919.

134Ibid. July 12, 1919.

135Ibid. July 13, 1919.

136Ibid. April 24th.

137San Bernardino Evening Index, June 24, 1919.

138Ibid. July 18th.



141Ibid. August 22nd.

142Ibid. June 14th.

143Ibid. July 10th.


PART 4, CHAPTER 5

"DECADE OF WAITING"


Ibid. August 22, 1919.

2Deed 657-162 @ $15,000, for the NE 1/4 of Section 27 T2N R3W.

3Deed 644-113 is from Harry J. Pinney to Edith Paden of the SE 1/4 of SW 1/4 Section 23, and the S 1/2 of SE 1/4 Section 22 2N 3W. Harry Pinney is Joe Henck's uncle, and will by 1922 have him in the company.

4San Bernardino Evening Index, July 13, 1919.

5Ibid. April 13, 1919; March 4, 1920.

6Ibid. May 27th.

7Ibid. May 27th.

8Ibid. May 27th.

9Deeds 646-141, 653-356, et al. Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes.

10San Bernardino Evening Index, November 25, 1919, March 31, 1920. Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes.


12Ibid. August 17, 1919, picture.



15Ibid. December 3rd. Also Beldon on recovered 18,000 on Cushenbury.

16Ibid. September 7, 1919. Might it have been at this barbecue when the ladies cooked beans in Talmadges copper kettle and made everybody sick? (Holmes)

17Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes; Belden: History in the Making.



20San Bernardino Evening Index, December 10, 1919.




24Redlands Review, September 19, 1918.

25San Bernardino Sun, February 15, 1916.

26Redlands Review, September 19, 1918.

27San Bernardino Evening Index, August 19th.

28Ibid. September 7th; 100 tons, i.e., 440,000 lbs. @ 2 cents or 3 cents a pound.



31Ibid. September 25th; also John Dexter, eyewitness.

32There is no reference of Mr. Mooney's death in the press until March 1920, but official papers show his will filed for probate in Cincinnati September 27, 1919.


34San Bernardino Evening Index, March 2, 1920.

35About where the present elementary school is: memory of Tom Stocker.

36Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes, p. 41.

37Pedley-Hitchcock deed: 209 acres in 31 (1920 taxes)(opened May 19th, Times-Index). Taxes 1920, $900 and $800.

38Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes.

39Ibid. May 20th-25th.

40Ibid. June 1, 1920.

41Ibid. July 3rd.

42Ibid. June 5th.

43San Bernardino Evening Index.

44Ibid. March 24, 1920.

45Deed 698-42. April 1, 1920.

46San Bernardino Evening Index, March 21, 1920.

47Deed 692-357. April 1, 1920.

48Deed 698-36. September 20, 1920.

49Deed 698-39 referred to E. J. Clark as one of the 27 heirs.


51Ibid. July 13, 1920.


53Ibid. April 10, 1921.

54San Bernardino Evening Index, August 22, 1920. Deed 700-85 October 18, 1920, permitted its sale.

55According to Max Green's census.

56Ibid.

57Ibid.

58Ibid.

59Ibid.

60Ibid.




64According to Max Green's census.

65Ibid.

66Ibid.

67Information of John Dexter.

68Ibid.

69San Bernardino Evening Index, May 18th. Adam Patterson and Harry E. Dillon per taxes.

70Memories of Sara Switzer 1935.


72Ibid.



75Deed 698-45. November 1, 1920.

76Evening Index, January 9, 1920.

77Ibid. July 9, 1920.


79Ibid.

80Evening Index, May 22, 1920.

81Ibid. July 6th.

82Ibid. May 22, 1920.


84Ibid.




88Ibid.

89Ibid.

90Evening Index, August 29th.


92Evening Index, August 29th.

93San Bernardino Sun, December 16th.


95San Bernardino Daily Sun, January 11th and 12th, 1921.


97Ibid. January 24.


99Ibid. February 3rd.




103San Bernardino Daily Sun, January 23, 1921.

104Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes.

105San Bernardino Daily Sun, February 1, 1921.

106Ibid. January 31st.

107Ibid. March 8, 1921.


109Ibid. March 25, May 19, 1921.

110Ibid. May 19th; April 19th spoke of other companies desiring routes.

111Ibid. May 11th, June 8th.

112Ibid. July 1, 1921.

113Ibid. April 1, 1921.

114Attest of Ernest Houplin who - as a high school boy - worked there during the summers of 1921 and 1922.

115San Bernardino Daily Sun, April 17th, May 1st; the line was completed July 24th; the mill was "electrified" August 25th.

116San Bernardino Daily Sun, May 16, 1921.

117Ibid. May 10th.

118Ibid. June 10th.

119Ibid. July 10th, June 9th respectively.


121Ibid. June 19th.

122Ibid.

123Ibid. July 5th.

124Ibid. July 23rd.

125Ibid. August 20th re. August 17th fire.

126Ibid. Mentioned May 24th "several weeks ago."

127Ibid. July 1 and 2.

128Ibid. July 9th.

129Marriage March 30th, 1921; other information: John Dexter.

130San Bernardino Daily Sun, July 17th, August 7th.

131Ibid. June 1, 1921.


133Ibid. July 9th, August 10th.

134Ibid. July 9th.

135Ibid. July 4th.

136Ibid. May 19th.



139Ibid.






145November issue of the Sun; speech by A. E. Warmington, May 2, 1922.

146San Bernardino Daily Sun, October 11, 1921.

147Ibid. April 12, 1921 @ $35,000.



150Ibid. August 7, 1921. Cf. Tales of the Pioneers of Big Bear Lake, B. G. Holmes, pp. 40-41.

151San Bernardino Daily Sun, December 21, 1921.

PART 5, CHAPTER 1

"DECADE OF DIRECTION"

Note - The author did not provide footnotes for this chapter.

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